Association between vitamin D and bone mineral density in Iranian postmenopausal women

The role of vitamin-D in determining bone mineral density (BMD), especially in less severe vitamin D deficiency, is still unclear. To investigate the possible association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and BMD, 245 healthy free-living postmenopausal women, aged between 40 and 80, were randomly selected from participants of a population-based study. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and hip by dual X-ray absorptiometry (Lunar DPXMD 7164). Serum 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, total and bone alkaline phosphatases, and urine deoxypyridinoline were measured. PTH was logarithmically transformed (LnPTH). Linear regression models were developed to determine the association between serum 25(OH)D and BMD at different sites. Means of age and duration of menopause were 57.7 +/- 7 and 9.4 +/- 6.8 years, respectively. Mean 25(OH)D was 73.0 +/- 62.3 nmol/l; 5.3% (n = 13) had 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/l and 37.6% (n = 92) had 25(OH)D between 25 and 50 nmol/l. Eleven percent of the women (n = 27) were osteoporotic in femoral neck and 25.3% of them (n = 62) were osteoporotic in lumbar spine sites. 25(OH)D correlated inversely with LnPTH (r = -0.25, P < 0.01). In the multivariate analyses, no association was found between 25(OH)D and BMD at any of the skeletal sites after adjusting for age, duration of menopause, body mass index, calcium, and LnPTH. However, BMD was associated inversely with LnPTH only in femoral neck but not in the other sites. This study did not show any association between 25(OH)D and BMD in free-living Iranian postmenopausal women.     

Association between weight cycling history and bone mineral density in premenopausal women

The hypothesis that a history of one or more weight reductions and regains (weight cycling) is associated with lower site-specific bone mineral density (BMD) was examined in 169 premenopausal women, aged 29–46 years. Data on the previous 10-years' weight cycling history, present weight-bearing physical exercise, number of deliveries, present use of contraceptive pills or hormone-releasing coils, age at menarche and present menstrual status were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intake was calculated from food records. The areal BMD (g/cm²) was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (norland XR-26). The lumbar spine (L2–4) BMD, adjusted to weight and age at menarche (ANCOVA), was 0.062 g/cm² (95% confidence interval: 0.015 to 0.011 g/cm²;p=0.01) higher in the non-cyclers (n=68) than in subjects with reported weight-cycling history (n=101). The corresponding difference for femoral neck BMD was 0.019 g/cm² (–0.018 to 0.056;p=0.30), for trochanter BMD 0.013 g/cm² (–0.025 to 0.05 g/cm²;p=0.50) and for distal radius BMD 0.022 g/cm² (0.006 to 0.397 g/cm²;p=0.008). A pairwise comparison of 34 weight-matched subjects (non-cycler vs cycler) gave similar BMD differences as found in the above (ANCOVA) analyses. The results suggest that weight cycling might be associated with lower spine and distal radius BMD.     

黄豆苷元片对妇女更年期综合征及骨密度的影响

目的 探讨黄豆苷元片对更年期症状及骨质疏松症的临床治疗效果。方法 将76例更年期妇女随机分为治疗组及对照组，各38例，治疗组口服黄豆苷元片50mg／d，钙尔奇-D 600mg／d，对照组仅服钙尔奇-D600mg／d，疗程6个月，通过调查问卷形式记录Kupperman评分，评价更年期综合征症状改善情况。观察治疗前后腰椎（L2-4），股骨颈（FN），Ward三角区，大转子（GT）骨密度（BMD），骨钙素（BGP），血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）的变化。结果 黄豆苷元片组Kupperman评分中12项指标均显著下降，与治疗前相比，各部位骨密度有较显著上升，AKP及BGP不同程度下降，均有统计学意义。结论 黄豆苷元片在治疗更年期症状及预防骨质疏松方面效果显著，有较好的应用前景。     

绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者血尿酸与骨密度相关性研究

目的：探讨绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者血尿酸水平与骨密度的关系。方法根据血尿酸水平将患者分为正常组、低尿酸组和高尿酸组,比较3组患者间骨密度差异。应用Pearson相关分析检验患者尿酸与骨密度的相关性。结果3组间年龄、糖尿病病程、体重指数等无统计学差异,组间脊柱骨密度具有显著性差异。相关分析显示血尿酸水平与脊柱骨密度显著相关。结论观察血尿酸水平有利于绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者骨质疏松症的预防和筛查。     

绝经后女性2型糖尿病患者血糖控制与骨密度关系的观察

目的 探讨2型糖尿病绝经后女性患者血糖水平与骨密度的关系.方法 选择规律治疗1年以上的2型糖尿病绝经后女性患者30例,其中15例为血糖控制较好组[GGC组:平均年龄(61.2±1.1)岁],另外15例为血糖控制较差组[PGC组:平均年龄(63.4±0.9)岁].另设正常对照组15例[NC组:平均年龄(61.8±1.5)岁].分别测定3组成员股骨颈及L1～4水平的BMD、空腹及餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白、空腹IGF-1、空腹C-肽、血钙、血磷、血镁、全段甲状旁腺素、碱性磷酸酶、谷氨酰转肽酶以及超敏C反应蛋白.结果 3组在iPTH和IGF-1水平上差异无显著性.糖尿病组与非糖尿病患者比较,股骨颈BMD值无统计学差异.结论 2型糖尿病绝经后女性骨密度水平与IGF-1、体重等指标相关,骨吸收增加与高血糖无明显相关.     

Association between a family history of fractures and bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women.

The aim of this analysis was to measure the strength of the association between a family history of fractures and bone mineral density (BMD), and to determine what definition of family fracture history best predicts BMD. Five hundred and eighty postmenopausal women aged 45-59 at recruitment completed a risk factor questionnaire. Women were asked to recall details of fractures sustained by any female relative. BMD measurements taken at five sites were used. The data were analysed using linear regression, adjusting for age. Two hundred and ninety-seven (52.8%) women reported a family history of fractures, and they had a significantly lower BMD at two of the sites measured (p < 0.05). The associations with BMD were most significant when only counting fractures that occurred in the subject's mother or a sister as a result of low trauma, with no restrictions made on age at the time of fracture and site of fracture (p < 0.01 at three sites; 0.01 < p < 0.05 at two sites). Women with a family history according to this definition had a 4.6% reduction in BMD at the femoral neck. When T scores were used to categorize women as either osteopenic/osteoporotic (T < -1) or normal at the femoral neck, the sensitivity of using this definition was 39% and the specificity was 74%. The small group of women that reported a low-trauma hip fracture in a mother or sister (n = 23) had a mean femoral neck BMD which was 8.9% lower than that of the remainder of the sample, although this difference was less statistically significant than when low trauma fractures at any site were counted. Of these 23 women, 70% were osteopenic or osteoporotic, compared with 57% of those reporting a low-trauma fracture at any site and 47% of the sample as a whole. The sensitivity of this definition, however, was low (6%). From these analyses it can be concluded that the definition of family fracture history that best predicts BMD in postmenopausal women is a fracture at any age in a mother or sister resulting from low trauma, although the sensitivity and specificity of using a family history of fractures by itself to screen for low BMD were poor.     

安徽地区绝经后妇女低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白5基因多态性与骨密度的关系

目的研究安徽地区绝经后妇女低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白5基因（LRP5）Q89R和A1330V多态性位点与骨密度的关系。方法采用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR．RFLP）方法检测安徽地区247名绝经后妇女LRP5基因Q89R和A1330V多态性位点的基因型,双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎和股骨的骨密度。结果本研究人群中,LRP5基因Q89R和A1330V多态性呈连锁不平衡（x^2=24、48,P〈0．01）。Q89R位点QR组的股骨颈、Ward’s三角和大转子区骨密度明显低于QQ组,A1330V位点AV/VV组的股骨颈骨密度明显低于AA组。在调整年龄、身高、体重、BMI以及绝经年限这些影响因素后,Q89R多态位点与股骨颈和大转子区骨密度显著相关（P〈0．05）,而A1330V多态性位点则与各位点的骨密度均无相关性。结论LRP5基因Q89R多态性位点可能对绝经后妇女骨密度有影响,提示LRP5基因是影响骨密度的候选基因之一。     

Association between femoral neck bone mineral density and lower limb fat-free mass in postmenopausal women.

Aging is associated with several physiological changes that lead to increased disability and mortality. Examples of these changes are deteriorations in bone and muscle tissues, referred, respectively, as osteopenia and sarcopenia. Both have been linked to multiple morbid outcomes in older adults. The main purpose of this study was to determine the association between femoral neck and trochanter bone mineral density (BMD) and lower limb non-bone fat-free mass (MM) in postmenopausal women. One hundred eighty nine postmenopausal women volunteered to participate in the study (mean age 66.92+/-5.23 yr). Subjects were divided into different groups according to lower limb MM, femoral neck, and trochanter BMD measurements using the 2-step cluster analysis. Pearson chi-square was used to analyze the correlation between the BMD and MM distributions. The 2-step cluster analysis leads to the formation of 3 groups according to the levels of lower limb MM (LMM--low values of MM, IMM--intermediate values of MM, and HMM--high values of MM), 2 groups according to the values of femoral neck BMD (LFN--low values and HFN--high values), and 3 groups for trochanter BMD (LTR--low values, ITR--intermediate values, and HTR--high values). The results of Pearson chi-square revealed a significant association between femoral neck BMD and lower limb MM, and trochanter BMD and lower limb MM, suggesting that individuals with reduced lower limb MM are prone to have decreased femoral neck and trochanter BMD. The present study supports the hypothesis of a relation between the incidence of low BMD and MM. It is recommended that dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry screening should be used to identify both BMD and MM in postmenopausal women to assess more accurately the risk of fractures and disability.     

Association between high-molecular-weight adiponectin and bone mineral density in hemodialysis patients

Background

Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder is a regular complication seen in hemodialysis patients and leads to substantial increases in the fracture rate, morbidity, and mortality. Discovered a few years ago, several clinical studies have shown a negative correlation between adiponectin and bone mineral density (BMD) independently of confounding factors. The relationship between adiponectin and bone metabolism in hemodialysis patients has not been fully described yet. We conducted this study to investigate the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and the BMD in hemodialysis patients.

Methods

We enrolled 92 hemodialysis patients who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis therapy at Towa Hospital. A peripheral blood sample was obtained, and standard biological data and the serum high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin level were measured. BMD was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans.

Results

In male hemodialysis patients, BMD was negatively related to age (r = ?0.299, P = 0.012), duration of hemodialysis therapy (r = ?0.31, P = 0.009), and log [HMW-adiponectin] (r = ?0.31, P = 0.009) and positively related to body weight (r = 0.332, P = 0.004) and BMI (r = 0.297, P = 0.013). In female hemodialysis patients, BMD was negatively related to age (r = ?0.499, P = 0.018) and log [HMW-adiponectin] (r = ?0.46, P = 0.030) and positively related to triglyceride (r = 0.491, P = 0.020).

两个新钙感觉受体基因多态性与中国女性骨密度相关性研究

目的钙感觉受体(CaSR)基因是引人关注的与骨质疏松症敏感性相关的侯选基因,为了解CaSR基因两个新多态位点与中国女性人群骨密度(BMD)的关系。方法采用双能X线吸收仪对352名研究对象进行腰椎及股骨扫描,应用PCR限制性片段长度多态性(PCRRFLP)方法检测CaSR基因R990G和E1011Q两个新多态位点基因型,用广义线性模型分析CaSR基因与腰椎及股骨BMD关系。结果发现CaSR基因的E1011Q多态位点在调整相关影响因素前后均与女性股骨颈、股骨柄和股骨三角区的BMD呈显著相关,P值分别为0.011、0.04和<0.001;R990G多态位点在调整影响因素前后,显示与女性股骨颈密度有相关趋势P=0.055,而A986S基因多态未显示与股骨、腰椎BMD相关。结论这一结果提示,CaSR基因E1011Q多态性可能是中国女性股骨BMD降低的危险因素。这个发现的意义及是否适用于大样本人群还有待进一步研究证实。     

Association between serum uric acid and lumbar spine bone mineral density in peri- and postmenopausal Japanese women

Summary

Previous studies on the association between uric acid and bone mineral density yielded conflicting results. In this study, we demonstrated positive association between uric acid and lumbar spine bone mineral density in peri- and postmenopausal Japanese women. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Introduction

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Uric acid, a potent antioxidant substance, has been associated with bone mineral density but previous studies have yielded conflicting results. The objective of the study was to examine the association between serum uric acid and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods

This was a retrospective analysis of medical records of 615 women, aged 45–75 years, who had lumbar spine BMD measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry as a part of health checkup from August 2011 to July 2012.

Results

Mean serum uric acid level was 4.7 mg/dL. Serum uric acid level was positively and significantly associated with lumbar spine BMD independent of age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, physical activity, years after menopause, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, serum calcium, estimated glomerular filtration rate, plasma C-reactive protein, and serum alkaline phosphatase (standardized beta?=?0.078, p?=?0.049). Uric acid rapidly increased until the age of 60 years, and then decelerated but continued to increase thereafter. The association between lumbar spine BMD and uric acid remained significantly positive after excluding women older than 60 years.

Conclusion

The present study showed that higher uric acid levels were linearly associated with higher lumbar spine BMD in peri- and postmenopausal Japanese women. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the association between uric acid and BMD.     

绝经后女性握力与骨密度的相关性研究

目的研究绝经后女性握力和骨密度的相关性。方法对120例绝经后女性进行握力测量和骨密度测定,观察≤60岁组、61~70岁组和70岁组的握力和骨密度变化,应用单因素Person相关性分析和散点图研究握力与骨密度的相关性。结果最大握力:≤60岁组25.86±4.77 kg,61~70岁组23.37±4.64 kg,70岁组16.63±5.40 kg。骨密度测定提示:65例股骨颈T值≤-2.5;90例腰椎T值≤-2.5。最大握力与骨密度均随年龄增加而减少。握力与股骨颈和腰椎骨密度呈非常显著正相关。结论绝经后女性握力越大,股骨颈和腰椎骨密度越高。     

绝经后妇女肥胖与骨密度的关系

目的 分析绝经后妇女的腰椎2-4( L2-4)和股骨颈（Neck)、大转子(Troch)、粗隆间（InterTro)的骨密度（BMD),探讨绝经后妇女肥胖与骨密度的关系。方法 以我院269名年龄45 -75岁的绝经后妇女为研究对象,计算体重指数将研究对象分为肥胖组和对照组,采用双能X线骨密度仪检测腰椎、股骨颈、大转子、粗隆间的骨密度,分析绝经后妇女肥胖与骨密度的关 系。结果 肥胖组绝经后妇女不同部位的骨密度均高于对照组(P <0.05或P <0. 01)。绝经后妇女各部位的骨密度随年龄的增长而降低,各年龄组间的骨密度有显著性差异(P <0.05或P <0. 01)。结论 年龄和体重指数是影响骨密度的重要因素,绝经后妇女肥胖者骨密度较正常体型者高,肥胖者可能通过负重等作用,延缓绝经后妇女骨密度的下降。     

围绝经期女性肾功能与骨密度的相关性研究

目的观察围绝经期女性肾功能与骨密度的相关性。方法选取2014年3月至2017年12月在我院接受健康检查的710名40～55岁汉族女性作为研究对象。通过双能X线吸收法测量受试者腰椎(L1～4)和左侧股骨颈的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),根据测量结果将受试者分为高BMD组和低BMD组。使用肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate,eGFR)和肌酸酐清除率(creatinine clearance rate,CCr)来评估肾功能。运用多变量逻辑回归和一般线性模型评估肾功能和BMD之间的相关性。结果 eGFR与BMD、体重和尿酸呈负相关(P 0. 05); CCr与BMD、体重、高血压、LDL-C、空腹血糖、碱性磷酸酶、尿酸和eGFR呈正相关(P0. 05);低eGFR对低BMD有保护作用(P0. 05);低CCr水平与低BMD显著相关[校正比值(AOR)=1. 42,95%置信区间(CI)=1. 05～1. 95]。在绝经前妇女(AOR=1. 46,95%CI=1. 11～1. 96)中观察到这种关联。结论围绝经期女性肾功能与骨密度密切关联,且绝经状态会影响这种关联。     

颅内动脉粥样硬化与绝经后女性骨密度相关性研究

目的观察颅内动脉粥样硬化与绝经后女性骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)相关性。方法研究人群包括100名绝经后妇女,对受试者进行腰椎双能X线扫描,通过脑三维磁共振血管造影来评估受试者基底动脉、中脑、颅内颈内动脉和颅内椎动脉的粥样硬化情况。T值-1被定义为低骨量。所有分析均通过颅内动脉粥样硬化定位分层。结果 100名绝经后女性年龄范围为55～75岁。颅内动脉粥样硬化中颅内后循环(PC)动脉和颅内前循环(AC)动脉患病率分别为64%和67%。颅内动脉粥样硬化中AC与女性患者的低BMD相关。颅内动脉粥样硬化中PC的女性血磷水平显著升高,而T值显著低于颅内动脉粥样硬化中无PC的女性,高脂血症和低BMD在PC颅内动脉粥样硬化女性中更为常见,低BMD与PC中的颅内动脉粥样硬化显著相关。结论低BMD与女性亚临床颅内PC和AC动脉粥样硬化有关。     

绝经后妇女血肌肉生长抑制素与骨密度的关系

目的探讨绝经后妇女血肌肉生长抑制素与体成份、血脂及骨密度的关系。方法纳入175名年龄在51~75岁的绝经后妇女,用双能X线吸收仪测量其骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及体成分。酶联免疫吸附法测定其血清肌肉生长抑制素、25羟维生素D3、甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)、骨碱性磷酸酶(bone alkaline phosphatase,BAP)、I型胶原C末端肽(type I collagen C terminal peptide,CTX)。结果与骨质疏松者相比,无骨质疏松的妇女体重指数、肥体重及瘦体重更高(P0.01)。骨质疏松妇女年龄显著大于无骨质疏松妇女(P0.01)。经年龄校正后,两组之间血BAP、CTX、25羟维生素D3、PTH、血脂成分及肌肉生长抑制素差异无统计学意义。所有测定部位BMD均与绝经年龄、肥体重及瘦体重成正比,与年龄、血BAP成反比。肌肉生长抑制素与血甘油三酯成负相关(β=-0.203,P=0.007),与体成分及所有部位骨密度无相关。结论研究数据表明血肌肉生长抑制素浓度与肌肉量及骨量无相关,需进一步研究阐明肌肉生长抑制素在调节骨代谢中的作用。     

Relations between calcidiol serum levels and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with low bone density

The relationship between vitamin D and bone density was studied in 150 selected, mature (45–74), postmenopausal women with a lumbar spine Z score below 0. Vitamin D status was evaluated using calcidiol serum levels. Serum calcitriol and parathyroid hormone (PTH) values were also evaluated in some subjects. Bone mass was evaluated by ascertaining bone density and Z and T scores in the lumbar spine and femur region. The reference group consisted of 25 premenopausal women. The postmenopausal group was divided into subgroups according to age, i.e., under or over 60 years old. Additionally, the whole group was also subdivided according to their lumbar spine Z scores into group I (Z>-1), group II (Z<-1; >-2), and group III (Z<-2). Group III of postmenopausal women had higher PTH and lower calcitriol levels than premenopausal women. Calcidiol serum levels were lower in postmenopausal women groups II or III than in the group I and premenopausal women. Calcidiol serum levels and the bone mass values for the lumbar spine were correlated positively in all the postmenopausal women; in the women over 60 years of age, calcidiol levels also correlated with the bone mass values expressed as the bone density in three femur regions: femoral neck, trocanter, and Ward's triangle. In conclusion, mature postmenopausal woman showed high PTH levels and low calcidiol and calcitriol values. Calcidiol status is significantly related to bone mineral density in the lumbar spine and in women over 60 years, calcidiol levels also correlated with bone density in the femur regions.