成人型胆总管囊肿

目的：提高尬型先天性胆总管囊肿的诊治水平。方法：研究分析２２例成人型先天性胆总管囊肿诊治资料。结果与结论：Ｂ超是首选的影像学检查手段。必须强调成人型先天性胆总管囊肿的复杂性及早期诊断和治疗的必要性。治疗首选囊肿全切除、肝管空肠Ｒｏｕｘ－ｅｎ－Ｙ吻合术。     

成人型胆总管囊肿

对２２例成人型先天性胆总管囊肿病例进行回顾性研究，发现大多数病例症状为非特异性的，常延误诊断。Ｂ超是首选的影像学检查手段，必须强调成人型先天性胆总管囊肿的复杂性及早期诊断和治疗的必要性。治疗上首选囊肿全切除，肝管空肠Ｒｏｕｘ－ｅｎ－Ｙ吻合术     

成人型胆总管囊肿16例的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨成人型胆总管囊肿的诊断和外科治疗，方法：研究分析成人型胆总管囊肿16例的诊治资料。结果：成人型怛总管囊肿的临床表现以上腹痛最为多见，B超是首选的检查手段，诊断率较高，有极高的临床价值。本组男3例，女13例，以女性多见，年龄18～65岁。全部病例行囊肿切除加肝管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术，疗效满意。结论：B超为诊断成人型胆总管囊肿的首选方法，囊肿切除加肝管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术为本病的首选术式。     

先天性胆总管囊肿的探讨

先天性胆总管囊肿亦称先天性胆管扩张症。先天性胆总管囊肿有明显增加的趋势,B超应作为先天性胆总管囊肿的首选检查,囊肿切除和肝总管空肠Roux-Y吻合术首选术式,早期诊断,早期治疗,减少并发症是改善先天性胆总管囊肿的关键,     

成人型胆总管囊肿的16例诊治体会

目的:总结成人型胆总管囊肿的治疗经验。方法:2001年1月～2010年7月收治成人型胆总管囊肿患者16例,对资料进行回顾分析。结果:16例患者均行囊肿切除、胆囊切除+肝总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术,随访14例,其中2例出现继发胆管结石,未发现癌变病例。结论:成人型胆总管囊肿患者,行囊肿切除、胆囊切除+肝总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术,术后并发症较少,是值得推广的首选手术方式。     

成人先天性胆总管囊肿5例报告

先天性胆总管囊肿在临床上比较少见，也称为原发性胆总管扩张症等。我院1999年以来共收住院5例先天性胆总管囊肿病人，结合文献就先天性胆总管囊肿的诊治体会报告如下：     

成人型胆管囊肿42例临床分析

目的：成人型胆管囊肿的诊断与手术治疗。方法：回顾性分析42例成人型胆管囊肿的诊断与外科治疗。结果：MRCP和CT检查是成人型胆管囊肿病的最重要的诊断手段，成人型先天性胆扩张症行囊肿切除肝管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术，根本性治疗的最佳手术方法。     

成人先天性胆总管囊肿16例诊治分析

目的探讨成人先天性胆总管囊肿诊治方式。方法回顾性分析16例成人先天性胆总管囊肿患者的临床资料。结果16例患者均行B超检查,确诊率为100%。14例Ⅰ型患者行囊肿切除、肝总管空肠Roux-Y吻合术,2例Ⅳ型患者行胆囊切除胆总管切开取石、胆总管T管引流术及胆肠内引流合并肝左叶切除术。术后发生胆管炎2例,胆漏2例,经非手术治疗治愈。结论B超可作为成人先天性胆总管囊肿的首选检查方法,囊肿切除加肝总管空肠Roux-Y吻合术为首选术式。     

成人先天性胆总管囊肿的手术时机及术式选择-附17例分析

胆总管囊肿是指胆管的先天性扩张，亚洲国家发病率高于西方，多见于婴幼儿，成人少见，且成人胆总管囊肿症状多不典型，常合并有感染、结石等其他胆道疾病。处理较为困难。我科1998年1月至2005年12月手术治疗成人型胆总管囊肿17例，报道如下。     

先天性胆道扩张症24例诊断与治疗

目的探讨先天性胆道扩张症的病因和诊治方法。方法对24例先天性胆道扩张症患儿的诊治进行回顾性分析。结果术前22例经B超确诊为胆道扩张症,行CT检查10例,磁共振胆胰管成像（MRCP）检查4例,结果均与B超检查结果一致。23例行1期根治手术,1例行1期T管引流术,3个月后行2期根治手术。根治手术方式均为胆总管囊肿切除＋胆总管空肠吻合术,其中胆总管空肠Roux—Y吻合术22例,胆总管空肠弧吻合术2例。全组均治愈,无重大并发症,预后良好。结论B超是诊断先天性胆道扩张症的首选方法,胆总管囊肿切除＋胆总管空肠吻合术是治疗先天性胆道扩张症的首选方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.