温州市餐饮业现榨果蔬汁卫生状况调查

现榨果蔬汁营养丰富,不含防腐剂而受到广大消费者青睐,消费量也越来越大。为了解温州市餐饮业现榨果蔬汁的卫生质量,我们对全市部分酒店现榨果蔬汁加工场所的卫生情况和产品进行了抽检,现将结果报告如下。     

如皋市餐饮业现榨果蔬汁卫生状况调查

目的为了解如皋市餐饮业加工销售的现榨果蔬汁卫生状况,研究监督监测对策。方法对如皋市市区41家供应现榨果蔬汁的餐饮单位进行果蔬汁现榨卫生学调查和产品抽样检验。结果在调查的单位中,榨汁场所合格率为56.10%,榨汁过程中,操作人员能洗手消毒的占56.10%;榨汁前果蔬消毒的占29.27%：专用刀板消毒的占31.71%;榨汁机消毒的占9.76%;容器消毒的占70.73%;抽检162份现榨果蔬汁样品,合格率为16.67%,其中宾馆、大酒店合格率为17.33%,普通饭店合格率为16.09%。结论如皋市餐饮业现榨果蔬汁卫生质量较低,必须加强监管;供应现榨果蔬汁的餐饮单位必须设立符合卫生要求的现榨专间;建议国家尽快制定现榨果蔬汁卫生标准。     

现榨果蔬汁饮料的卫生标准探讨

随着人民生活水平的提高和人们消费观念的变化,现榨果蔬汁已成为饭店酒家餐饮中饮料消费的主角。与此同时,卫生监督部门对现榨果蔬汁的卫生质量也越来越关注,但目前尚没有国家和地方卫生标准,卫生监督所对现榨果蔬汁的评价只能参照定型包装的果蔬汁饮料标准(GBl9297-2003)。工业化生产的定型包装果蔬汁和饭店酒家现榨的果蔬汁,在其工艺流程中的无菌罐装和添加防腐剂工序即存在明显差别。     

饭店现榨果蔬汁卫生状况及卫生管理措施

[目的]了解宾馆饭店现榨果蔬汁的卫生质量,提出榨汁工艺过程的卫生管理措施。[方法]采集宾馆饭店的现榨果蔬汁样品,按GB／T4789．2．3-2003方法检测菌落总数和大肠菌群,按GB／T4789．4-2005方法检测沙门菌,按GB／T5009.33—2003方法检测亚硝酸盐,按照《现榨果蔬汁卫生标准及规范（DB33／533-2005）》判定是否合格。[结果]杭州市宾馆饭店18份现榨西瓜汁、玉米汁、黄瓜汁等样品菌落总数超标率达77．8％,大肠菌群超标22．2％,亚硝酸盐超标11．1％,沙门菌均未检出。在调查分析的基础上提出现榨果蔬汁的卫生管理措施。[结论]宾馆饭店现榨果蔬汁卫生问题严重,应对其工艺过程进行规范化管理,以提高卫生质量。     

餐饮业现榨果蔬汁饮料微生物污染调查

现榨果蔬汁饮料是指以新鲜水果或蔬菜为原料,经挑选、清洗消毒、漂洗、沥干、整理、机械榨汁而成的不经任何杀菌处理,供顾客饮用的非定型包装饮料.现榨果蔬汁饮料在加工过程中易受微生物污染.为了解绍兴市餐饮业自制现榨果蔬汁饮料微生物污染情况,2007年绍兴市卫生监督部门针对全市餐饮单位自制现榨果蔬汁饮料卫生情况进行了专项检查,以提高现榨果蔬汁饮料卫生质量,确保消费者的身体健康.     

HACCP在现榨果蔬汁生产过程中应用的探讨

现榨果蔬汁以其富含维生素、纤维素、矿物质及不加防腐剂且口感新鲜,越来越受到人们的青睐。但由于其多为现场手工制作,卫生质量较难控制,常会引起细菌等微生物污染,存在一定的卫生问题。为了保证现榨果蔬汁的卫生安全性,提高其生产操作过程中的卫生质量控制技术水平,2003～2004年我们运用世界卫生组织(WHO)认可并推广的食品安全管理方法HACCP(危害分析和关键控制点)对市售的现榨果蔬汁进行了卫生管理研究。     

许昌市区宾馆饭店商场现榨果蔬汁卫生质量分析

目的了解许昌市区宾馆饭店商场销售的现榨果蔬汁的卫生质量。方法2008年5—10月对该市15家宾馆饭店商场的现榨果蔬汁样品共计60份,严格按照GB/T 4789.2～3-2003的规定的操作方法进行相关项目的检验。结果60份样品菌落总数合格率为23.3%（14/60）,大肠菌群合格率为63.3%（38/60）。样品总合格率为23.3%（14/60）。结论许昌市现榨果蔬汁合格率不高,现榨果蔬汁的制作过程存在着比较严重的污染,建议卫生监督部门加大执法力度,宣传有关食品卫生法规和知识的培训,相关生产者加强对现榨果蔬汁制作工艺流程等相关环节的卫生管理。     

市售现榨果、蔬汁卫生质量现况调查

随着人民生活水平的不断改善,平衡、多样、合理的膳食结构越来越受到人们的重视.现榨果、蔬汁以其富含维生素、纤维素、矿物质及不加防腐剂且口感新鲜,越来越受到人们的青睐.国内外对其卫生质量的研究刚刚起步,相关报道较少,也没有相应的标准来检测评价.为了解现榨果、蔬汁的卫生情况,为制订现榨果、蔬汁的卫生标准提供参考依据,2001年1月～2002年6月对市售的现榨果、蔬汁卫生质量的状况进行了调查.     

餐饮业现榨果蔬汁面临的卫生问题及应对策略

<正>长期以来,由于餐饮业的现榨果蔬汁没有制定相应的标准,勾兑果汁、掺假果汁等假冒"现榨果汁"相继被曝光,由此,现榨果蔬汁的卫生安全问题也越来越引起消费者的关注。2009年7—10月,笔者通过对435家餐饮单位现榨果蔬汁制售情况开展专项检查,发现餐饮业现榨果蔬汁存在诸多问题,现报告如下。     

梅州市梅江区1991-1995年现榨花生油监测分析

梅州城区销售的现榨花生油在本地的食油中占有较大的比例，用于榨油的花生原料来源复杂。为对我区销售的现榨花生油加强卫生监督提供科学依据，将我区1991—1995年对各油坊加工现榨花生油进行抽样卫生监测的结果进行统计分析，现报告如下：     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.