Nucleus24M型人工耳蜗植入后电极阻抗的变化

目的：研究人工耳蜗植入后电极阻抗的变化规律，以便确定术后进行映射调图的时间表。方法：对16例植入Nucleus CI24M型人工耳蜗患者，于术中及术后1、1．5、2、4、6个月进行电极阻抗测试，统计分析电极阻抗的变化规律。结果：患者电极阻抗在术中检测时最低，开机时最高，以后若干次随访时，阻抗逐渐下降，并在2～4个月左右趋于稳定。结论：电极阻抗的稳定提示耳蜗内生物组织的病理过程渐趋稳定；对心理物理测试配合良好的患者，术后只进行2～4个月左右的映射调图即可。     

人工耳蜗植入术后植入电极的影像学检查

目的 探讨建立螺旋CT扫描及三维重建技术观察人工耳蜗植入电极方法，并比较X线摄片方法与螺旋CT扫描三维重建方法的耳蜗内电极的影像学特征及其临床应用价值。方法 18例人工耳蜗植入患者全部作术后X线摄片检查。其中9例用经眼眶前后位摄片，9例采用侧斜位60。摄片。3例患者施行术后螺旋CT扫描及内耳三维重建方法。结果 2种投射头位的X线摄片均可显示电极形态及单个电极对，可间接判断电极在耳蜗内的植入深度。螺旋CT扫描三维重建图可直观地显示耳蜗形态、电极形态及其在耳蜗内植入的深度，可清晰识别单个电极对。结论 螺旋CT扫描三维重建方法可直观观察植入电极的形态及位置，可准确判断电极在耳蜗内植入的深度，有其独特的临床应用价值。     

老年性耳聋患者人工耳蜗植入术后效果评估

目的：对老年性耳聋患者人工耳蜗植入术后的效果进行评估,探讨老年性耳聋患者人工耳蜗植入的意义。方法对24例行人工耳蜗植入术的老年性耳聋患者进行术前、术后听力学评估和言语评估并比较差异。听力学评估采用助听听阈测试、听觉行为分级评估（Categories of Auditory Performance,CAP）和词表识别率评估(word recognition score, WRS);言语评估采用言语可懂度分级标准（Speech Intelligibility Rating,SIR)。结果术后患者各频率的助听听阈较术前有显著提高,P＜0.05。术后CAP、WRS、SIR均较术前显著提高,P＜0.05。结论人工耳蜗植入可作为重度以上听力损失且助听器效果不佳的老年性耳聋患者的干预方法。     

柔手术技巧在人工耳蜗植入术中的应用经验

据世界卫生组织估计（2003年统计资料）,全世界有2．5亿人患有中度以上听力损失,其中2／3在发展中国家。根据2006年我国第2次残疾人抽样调查结果报告,中国现有听力残疾人2004万,占残疾人总数的24．16％。对有残余听力的耳聋患者可以配戴助听器来康复,但对极重度或全聋患者,助听器不可能获得清晰的语音,因而达不到语言康复的目的。     

人工耳蜗植入术后发生面瘫的预防及处理

目的分析人工耳蜗植入术(CI)后的面瘫并发症病例,探讨并发症的预防和处理方法.方法对1998年3月~2012年1月在解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科接受人工耳蜗植入的1299例患者中发生的面瘫并发症及其处理和预后情况进行回顾性分析.结果1299例患者中,4例患者行人工耳蜗植入术后发生面神经麻痹,其中3例为迟发性面瘫,2例行面神经减压术,预后良好.结论人工耳蜗植入是相对安全的手术,面神经麻痹的发生率较低,为0.31%,经保守治疗或手术干预预后良好.     

再次人工耳蜗植入术

目的通过总结6例再次人工耳蜗植入术中所发现的问题,总结经验并探讨注意事项。方法与常规的人工耳蜗植入术基本相同,采用“H”型切口切开肌骨膜,有助于缩短手术时间。结果全部病例均能顺利地再次完全植入电极,再次手术的原因有l例是首次手术未能植入正确的部位;1例是外伤造成植入体断裂;4例植入体不能正常工作,但原因不明。结论手术切口不宜过小;参照电极应该放在骨膜下;固定植入体的骨床周围要光滑;不要使用不可吸收的缝线;要在抽出旧电极后迅速植入新电极;开机后需要3～4周的时间适应新的电极。     

人工耳蜗植入术中蜗内电极X线拍片的临床意义

目的:探讨耳蜗X线拍片在人工耳蜗植入术中的临床意义。方法:对54例人工耳蜗植入患者术中常规使用可移动C-臂数字X线拍片机拍片,观察耳蜗电极的形态和植入深度,常规行NRT检查。结果:52例蜗内电极均呈自然螺旋状,无扭曲或打折,拍片显示刺激电极全部植入耳蜗内。2例插入蜗内的电极串呈"C"形,提示电极未能全部插入,其中1例与术中所见一致,为电极植入不全;1例为术中未能发现的蜗内电极扭曲打折。结论:人工耳蜗植入术中常规在电极植入后进行耳蜗X线拍片,对了解电极植入部位和植入深度非常有益,特别是对于电极植入有难度的患者,更应及时拍片,可避免术后再次手术。     

人工耳蜗植入术后电极移位相关分析及处理北大核心CSCD

人工耳蜗是目前最成功的用于重建听觉的植入式电子装置,人工耳蜗电极植入状态与临床使用效果之间的关系是目前研究的热点。目前关于人工耳蜗术后电极移位相关分析及处理的报道较少。随着相关研究的深入和技术的进步,加强对术后耳蜗电极位置的关注,使患者获得最佳的使用效果,已成为手术医师及人工耳蜗调试听力师极为关注的问题。     

人工耳蜗植入术后电极阻抗特性分析

目的对使用人工耳蜗系统患者的电极阻抗数值进行分析,总结电极阻抗的变化规律,为临床制定合理的术后调试计划提供依据。方法对152位使用澳大利亚Cochlear Nucleus24M型人工耳蜗系统的患者于术后4周左右安装体外设备并进行测试,使用澳大利亚Cochlear公司提供的R116或R126软件进行电极阻抗测试。结果患者电极阻抗数值自术中至术后开机时呈显著增加的趋势,在开机时达到最大,其后随开机时间的增长显著降低,至开机3个月后趋于稳定,不同部位的电极显示了相同的变化趋势。结论电极阻抗数值随术后使用时间及电极部位的变化而变化。在开机3个月内需多次进行调试,从而为患者提供最适合的程序,使患者的言语感知达到最佳状态。     

人工耳蜗不同电极植入术后听觉康复效果比较

目的通过对澳大利亚Nucleus（直电极和弯电极）、奥地利Medel和美国Advanced Bionics人工耳蜗不同电极植入者开机后的调试情况，以及听觉和言语康复效果进行观察比较，探讨不同植入电极患者术后效果是否存在差异。方法我科自1997年3月至2007年6月共植入人工耳蜗313例，选择其中植入年龄、植入时间、术前残余听力、术后康复条件等各方面条件相近的语前聋人工耳蜗植入者70例，将其按植入产品的不同分为4组，包括澳大利亚Nucleus直电极组22人，澳大利亚Nucleus弯电极组25人，奥地利Medel C40＋组12人和美国AB公司90K组11人。比较4组人工耳蜗植入患者开机半年后的阈值（T-levels）．最大舒适强度（C-levels／M-levels）和动态范围（dynamic range）有无差异，并根据听觉行为分级标准（categories of auditory performance，CAP）和言语可懂度分级标准（speech intelligibility rating，SIR）对4组人工耳蜗植入者进行评估，用统计学方法分析不同电极人工耳蜗植入者听觉水平和言语可懂度康复效果是否存在统计学差异。结果经单因素方差分析，4组耳蜗植入者CAP分级和SIR分级得分的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。调试时澳大利亚弯电极组和直电极组的T-levels、C-levels和动态范围大小无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；奥地利C40＋组与其它三组相比，最大舒适强度和动态范围更大；美国90K组阈值最低，所需刺激量最小。结论人工耳蜗不同电极植入术后均能产生良好效果，其阈值，最大舒适强度和动态范围有差别，但不同植入电极术后的听觉水平和言语可懂度等康复效果无明显差异。     

Changes in psychophysical parameters during the first month of programming the Nucleus Contour and Contour Advance cochlear implants

Abstract

This retrospective study evaluated the psychophysical parameters of 29 postlingually deafened adults who had received a Nucleus Contour or Contour Advance implant during the first month of fitting in order to determine how many sessions were required to obtain a stable implant MAP. The T-levels did not differ significantly across the five fitting sessions, but the C-levels as well as the dynamic range showed an increase up to the fourth session. For all psychophysical parameters the basal, medial and apical portion of the electrode array differed significantly across sessions. Subjects with a Nucleus Contour implant had higher comfortable levels than subjects with a Contour Advance implant. The duration of deafness, presence of preoperative tinnitus, aetiology, frequency of fitting, stimulus rate and number of active channels did not significantly influence the psychophysical levels. These results suggested that four fitting sessions within the first three weeks after switch on should initially suffice and the fifth session could be planned beyond one month. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nucleus人工耳蜗弯电极和直电极植入后的心理物理指标比较

目的对比Nucleus CI 24导Contour弯电极与Nucleus CI 24导直电极植入后的电阻阻抗、刺激阈值和舒适阈。方法植入澳大利亚NucleuS人工耳蜗的患者分为2组,1组（19例）植入Nucleus CI 24导Contour电极阵列（弯电极）,另1组（11例）植入CI 24M电极阵列（直电极）。所有患者耳蜗植入术后15天开机调试,并于开机时及开机后1周、1月、3月分别记录各电极的电阻、刺激闽值和最大舒适阈。结果开机后由于Nucleus 24直电极的刺激阈值呈上升趋势,3月和6月时弯电极的阈值明显低于直电极阈值,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。开机1周、1月和6月2组的舒适阈接近。开机后弯电极和直电极的电阻值接近。结论Nucleus CI 24导Contour弯电极的刺激阈值稳定,刺激阈和舒适阈之间动态范围较宽。     

The cochlear implant programme in Crete: A nine year experience

Abstract

The aim of this study was to present data of the cochlear implant programme in Crete. Our series consists of 51 patients, 35 adults and 16 children, in a nine year period. The average age of our patients was 31 years (range from three to 68). The average duration of deafness among our patients was seven years (range from two to 22). Our series included 32 postlingual patients and 19 prelingual patients. The cause of deafness in our series was unknown in approximately 40 per cent of cases. Standard selection criteria and operative techniques were used for all cases. Postoperative programming and rehabilitation were performed according to the individual needs of each patient. Implantation was successful in all patients except one who had to undergo a second operation with good results. No major postoperative complications were noted, while minor complications included temporary facial weakness and undesired stimulation of the facial nerve during implant function in two and three patients, respectively. All patients showed significant improvement in perception and discrimination of sound and speech. Better results have been noted in prelingual patients under the age of six, as well as in postlingual adults with a recent history of deafness. As cochlear implant technology evolves and surgical techniques continue to improve, our department will continue its efforts to provide effective hearing rehabilitation of deaf children and adults in Crete. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparison of speech perception performance between the nucleus 24 and nucleus 24 contour cochlear implant systems

Objective—To compare the 1-, 3-, and 6-month postoperative speech perception scores obtained by a group of subjects who received the new perimodiolar array (Nucleus Contour) cochlear implant with those obtained by a group of subjects implanted with the straight electrodes of the previous-generation Nucleus 24 device.

Material and Methods—The speech performance of 10 postlingually deafened adults implanted with the Nucleus Contour device was compared with that of matched controls who received the Nucleus 24 model. Objective measures included word and sentence speech recognition scores.

Results—Patients implanted with the Nucleus Contour device obtained significantly higher word and sentence recognition scores after short-term use of the implant compared to those obtained by patients implanted with the Nucleus 24 model.

Conclusion—Further long-term studies are required to determine whether the Nucleus Contour CI recipients continue to improve over time.     

Parameter selection and programming recommendations for the ACE and CIS speech-processing strategies in the Nucleus 24 cochlear implant system

Abstract

This study evaluated a range of programming parameters available for the ACE and CIS speech-processing strategies in the Nucleus 24 cochlear implant system. Specifically, the effect on speech perception of adjustments to the number of channels and the stimulation rate in the CIS strategy, and the effect of adjustments to the number of maxima in the ACE strategy were investigated in a group of adult subjects. Based on these findings, and the results of a previous study (Vandali et al., 2000), a number of recommendations for programming were identified that could improve efficiency in the clinical setting where time may be limited. The results suggest that speech perception benefits may be maximized for an individual cochlear implant recipient through concentration on selection of the appropriate stimulation rate. When using the CIS strategy, the number of channels should also be optimized. Adjustment to the number of maxima in the ACE strategy was found to be less likely to provide improvements in speech recognition for a given individual when the number of maxima parameter is set to eight or 12.     

小儿正常耳蜗与内耳畸形人工耳蜗植入术后电极阻抗及NRT值对比研究

目的：探讨小儿正常耳蜗与内耳畸形人工耳蜗植入手术后,植人体电极阻抗值及神经反应遥测（NRT）值的变化特点及规律。方法：将88例澳大利亚CochlearNucleus24型人工耳蜗植人手术患儿分为正常耳蜗组与内耳畸形耳蜗组,测试手术中及手术后1年阻抗值及NRT值,并分析对比。结果：两组患者阻抗值差异有统计学意义（P〉0．05）,其阻抗变化趋势相同。开机3个月内阻抗值变化明显,其后趋于稳定。两组患者NRT值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,其NRT值变化趋势相同。总的趋势是低频值较低,高频值较高,术中至术后1年NRT值逐渐增高。结论：电极阻抗值及NRT值开机3个月内变化明显,故需多次调机,以使患者语言感知达到最佳状态。     

243例人工耳蜗植入围手术期处理与术后效果

目的总结243例多导人工耳蜗植入术围手术期的处理经验和听觉语言康复效果。方法介绍我们在多导人工耳蜗植入术围手术期的处理方法。术前评估：主要包括听力学评估、影像学评估和智力心理评估。手术方法介绍了不同型号人工耳蜗插入电极的要领，特别强调了24R（Contuor Advance）型植入电极时，不要主动向外拔金属丝。结果243例患者术后6个月用声场测听啭音语言频率平均听阈达到25-35dB（nHL），平均27．4±4．8dB。开机后1年的开放词表言语分辨率平均达到87．7％。其中成人语后聋患者术后Mapping后全部能听到家人叫他名字。经2个月3～5次调试，声场测听阈在28．1±5．4dB，非限定词表（Openset）言语测听，识别率达82％～93％，平均91．6％。学龄前的语前聋儿童，开机后1～2个月，声场测听都能达到30dB（nHL）或更佳。经过1年以上语训，测定63名可合作儿童的限定词表（Closeset）言语测听，言语识别率平均达N88．6％，非限定词表（Openset）言语测听，识别率平均达83．7％。7岁以上语前聋的儿童，开机后12个月测定26例合作语前聋儿童的Closeset言语识别率平均达Nsl．6％，Openset言语识别率平均达78．2％。结论人工耳蜗植入是治疗全聋患者的最佳选择。对语前聋患者而言，植入年龄最好在7岁前。人工耳蜗植入后，听觉语言康复工作将是一项长期的工作，需要家庭、社会、医生和聋康老师的共同努力。