缺血预处理对大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注损伤保护作用

目的：探讨缺血预处理是否对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用及其机理,方法：利用前房灌注生理盐水形成高眼压的视网膜缺血再灌注损伤的动物模型,视网膜缺血时间为1h分别于缺血前30min、24h或72h对大鼠一只眼5min短暂缺血即预处理,24h或72h后行视网膜电图（ERG）、电镜、光镜、丙二醛（MDA）及热休克蛋白70（HSP70）检测,或者一侧眼行5min假处理,24h后行1h缺血,24h或72h再行上述检测,所有对侧眼不作处理作对照,结果：与假处理相相比,缺血前24、72h进行预处理后的大鼠视网膜光镜、电镜表现损害明显减轻,ERGb波明显恢复（P＜0．01）,MDA含量降低（P＜0．01）,缺血前30min预处理的视网膜表现严重的损害,ERGb波几安全消失,结论：缺血预处理对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用,且有一定时限性。     

缺血再灌注损伤对大鼠视网膜功能的影响

目的 探讨缺血再灌注损伤对大鼠视网膜功能的影响。 方法 70只健康 Wistar 大鼠，预实验随机抽取 20 只分为正常对照组和单纯灌注组，记录视网膜电图（electroret inography，ERG）并测定b波峰值，经统计学处理无差异后，其余50只随机分为10组，用升高眼压1 h 的方法建立右眼视网膜缺血模型，分别于缺血后1 h及再灌注3、6、12 、24 h、3、5、7、14、21 d记录双眼暗视闪光 ERG并测定b波峰值。 结果 正常对照组动物左右眼ERG b波峰值无差异；单纯灌注眼与正常对照眼ERG b波峰值无差异；单纯缺血组实验眼ERG各波消失，再灌注实验眼组ERG b波部分恢复，但随再灌注时间的延长b波峰值呈进行性下降. 结论 视网膜缺血再灌注损伤可导致大鼠视网膜功能持续渐进性的影响。（中华眼底病杂志，2003，19：201-268）     

大鼠视网膜组织缺血再灌注后视网膜内caspase-3的表达及意义

目的 在视网膜缺血再灌注模型上,观察再灌注后视网膜内caspase-3的动态变化,探讨caspase-3与视网膜细胞凋亡的关系.方法 结扎大鼠左侧颈总动脉1 h,然后再灌注,检测再灌注后1、6、12、24、48、72 h大鼠视网膜内caspase-3的水平及视网膜细胞凋亡平均发生率.结果 再灌注后视网膜内caspase-3的表达出现在光感受器细胞层,在再灌注后1、6、12、24、48、72 h caspase-3平均光密度分别为0.067±0.004、0.923±0.045、1.962±0.377、3.793±0.860、2.039±0.427、1.332±0.109,细胞凋亡平均发生率(%)分别为1.8±0.1,7.1±0.2,18.2±1.4,34.7±2.1,22.6±0.9,16.3±0.4.结论 再灌注后大鼠视网膜caspase-3表达与细胞凋亡呈现正相关,caspase-3可以促进视网膜细胞凋亡的发生.(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2006,6347～349)     

瞬间性视网膜缺血重新灌注对大鼠视网膜细胞凋亡的影响

我们以升高眼压的方法造成视网膜瞬间缺血重新灌注的动物模型 ,对瞬间性视网膜缺血重新灌注所引起的视网膜细胞凋亡及其相应的一些改变进行研究。1　材料和方法1.1　动物模型及标本制作2 5 0～ 30 0ｇ雌性ＳＤ大鼠 2 0只 ,均以 1只眼用于实验观察。盐酸氯胺酮 35ｍｇ/ｋｇ及盐酸甲苯噻嗪 5ｍｇ/ｋｇ联合肌肉注射麻醉 ,前房刺入联有灌注液的 2 5号针头 ,调整灌注液的高度 ,升高眼压至 6 5ｍｍＨｇ(1ｍｍＨｇ =0 .133ｋＰａ)造成瞬间性视网膜缺血1ｍｉｎ或 5ｍｉｎ ,然后恢复眼压使血流重新灌注。手术前后常规用氯霉素眼液点眼。视网膜缺血重…     

七叶甙对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤视网膜电图的影响

目的 :观察七叶甙对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤模型视网膜电图 (ERG)的影响。方法 :结扎大鼠左颈总动脉 1h ,然后再灌注 ,同时向腹腔注射七叶皂甙钠及异搏定 ,比较再灌注后 1h、6h、12h、2 4h、4 8h、72h视网膜ERG的变化。结果 :再灌注 6h后 ,七叶甙组、异搏定组视网膜的ERG与生理盐水组相比 ,有明显的提高 ,而七叶甙组和异搏定组相比 ,无明显的差异。结论 :七叶甙可以促进缺血再灌注损伤视网膜ERGb波的恢复     

大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注后IL-1β的免疫组化研究

目的：观察大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注(retinal isehemia reperfusion，RIR)后，白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)多肽在视网膜表达变化。方法：采用前房灌注生理盐水，形成130mmHg(17．3kPa)高眼压，诱导大鼠视网膜缺血60min，解除高眼压，建立RIR模型。缺血60min，再灌注12h、48h作视网膜冰冻切片，IL-1β免疫组化观察。结果：正常对照组未见IL-1β表达，RIR后12h、48h，视网膜神经节细层可见IL-1β表达。结论：结果提示：IL-1β多肽在蛋白质水平参与RIR损伤发生。     

家兔视网膜缺血-再灌注损伤后形态学的动态变化

目的　观察家兔视网膜缺血 -再灌注后视网膜结构的动态变化。方法　通过前房灌注加压至 16 .7k Pa,维持 1h,建立缺血模型 ,观察再灌注 2～ 14d内其结构变化及内层视网膜平均厚度的变化。结果　家兔视网膜在缺血 -再灌注后 2～ 14d内表现为神经细胞持续丢失 ,视网膜层次逐渐不清 ,萎缩、变薄。其中神经节细胞、神经纤维及视锥、视杆对缺血最敏感 ,外颗粒层次之 ,内颗粒层最能耐受缺血 -再灌注后的损伤。结论　视网膜缺血 -再灌注损伤是个持续性、进行性的损伤过程 ,与功能变化相一致     

葛根素对大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察葛根素(puerarin)对大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注的保护作用及机制。方法成年Wistar大鼠随机分成对照组、缺血再灌注未治疗组、缺血再灌注葛根素治疗组。采用前房灌注液体形成高眼压而建立RIR模型。治疗组在缺血前30min给予大鼠腹腔内注射葛根素。缺血60min后恢复血流。光镜观察各组视网膜内层厚度以及浸润入视网膜的中性粒细胞数目、神经节细胞数变化;免疫组化法检测Caspase-3蛋白在各组视网膜中的表达。结果葛根素治疗组再灌注6h以后各时间段视网膜内层厚度均较未治疗组视网膜缺血再灌注厚,早期视网膜内层水肿增厚,晚期视网膜神经节细胞数目减少及视神经纤维层萎缩变薄,神经节细胞数目多于未治疗组,而视网膜中的中性粒细胞数目少于未治疗组;Caspase-3蛋白于再灌注后24h达到高峰,但各时间段治疗组表达强度均较未治疗组明显减弱。结论葛根素对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤有治疗作用,抑制缺血再灌注损伤后的炎症反应和Caspase-3蛋白的表达是其可能的保护机制。     

三七总皂甙对大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的 建立大鼠高眼压视网膜缺血再灌注(IR)模型,观察三七总皂甙(PNS)对大鼠视网膜IR损伤的防护作用和对核转录因子-kB(NF-kB)表达的影响.方法 SD大鼠随机分为IR组、IR PNS组.建立112.5 mmHg、60 min高眼压视网膜缺血模型,在再灌注后不同时间段处死大鼠取出眼球,光镜观察视网膜损伤后的组织病理学改变,行原位细胞凋亡检测,免疫组织化学法检测NF-kB的表达情况.结果 IR组出现视网膜水肿、空泡变性、核固缩等组织病理学改变.IR PNS组视网膜组织形态学损害明显减轻.原位细胞凋亡检测IR组的凋亡细胞阳性表达明显高于IR PNS组(P＜0.05).IR组NF-kB的表达明显高于IR PNS组(P＜0.05),IR PNS组的NF-kB表达滞后.结论 PNS可通过抑制NF-kB的活化和减少凋亡而减轻视网膜IR损伤.     

缺血再灌注损伤诱导大鼠视网膜细胞凋亡

目的 观察缺血再灌注大鼠视网膜损伤及细胞凋亡情况。 方法 采用升高大鼠眼压到109.725 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)持续1 h的方法制作视网膜缺血再灌注模型，采用常规眼球切片观察不同缺血和再灌注时间的视网膜损伤的组织病理改变；采用DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测视网膜神经元凋亡情况；采用DNA原位末端标记(terminal dUTP nick end labelling, TUNEL)法定位凋亡的视网膜细胞。 结果 缺血30 min 再灌注24、48 h的大鼠视网膜无明显的病理改变；缺血60 min再灌注24、48 h的大鼠视网膜神经节细胞层和内核层细胞明显变薄；缺血60 min再灌注12、24 h的大鼠视网膜有梯状条带。而正常对照组、缺血30 min再灌注24、48 h组及缺血60 min再灌注48 h组大鼠视网膜均无类似表现。TUNEL法显示视网膜内的细胞凋亡主要发生在节细胞和内核层光感受细胞。 结论 大鼠视网膜缺血再灌注主要是导致视网膜神经节细胞层和内核层细胞损伤，细胞凋亡可能是损伤的重要机制。 (中华眼底病杂志, 2002, 18: 296-298)     

Gap Junctional Coupling Between Retinal Astrocytes Exacerbates Neuronal Damage in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

PurposeRetinal astrocytes abundantly express connexin 43 (Cx43), a transmembrane protein that forms gap junction (GJ) channels and unopposed hemichannels. While it is well established that Cx43 is upregulated in retinal injuries, it is unclear whether astrocytic Cx43 plays a role in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss associated with injury. Here, we investigated the effect of astrocyte-specific deletion of Cx43 (Cx43KO) and channel inhibitors on RGC loss in retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and assessed changes in expression and GJ channel and hemichannel function that occur in I/R injury. The effect of Cx43 deletion on neural function in the uninjured retina was also assessed.MethodsCx43 expression, astrocyte density and morphology, and RGC death in wild-type and Cx43KO mice after I/R injury were determined using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Visual function was assessed using ERG recordings. GJ coupling and hemichannel activity were evaluated using tracer coupling and uptake studies, respectively.ResultsLoss of RGCs in I/R injury was accompanied by an increase of Cx43 expression in astrocytes. Functional studies indicated that I/R injury augmented astrocytic GJ coupling but not Cx43 hemichannel activity. Importantly, deletion of astrocytic Cx43 improved neuronal survival in acute ischemia but did not affect RGC function in the absence of injury. In support, pharmacologic inhibition of GJ coupling provided neuroprotection in I/R injury.ConclusionsThe increase in Cx43 expression and GJ coupling during acute I/R injury exacerbates RGC loss. Inhibition of astrocytic Cx43 channels might represent a useful strategy to promote RGC survival in pathologic conditions.     

表皮生长因子受体抑制剂抑制大胶质细胞活化对急性高眼压大鼠视网膜神经节细胞丢失的研究

目的　探讨表皮生长因子受体（ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,ＥＧＦＲ）抑制剂抑制大胶质细胞活化对实验性急性高眼压大鼠视网膜神经节细胞（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｓ, ＲＧＣｓ）丢失的影响。方法　用健康成年ＳＤ大鼠１８只,随机分为３组:空白对照组,不做任何处理;实验组采用前房灌注法制造急性高眼压模型,造模成功后,按６ｍｇ?ｋｇ－１?ｄ－１用量给予大鼠口服ＥＧＦＲ抑制剂ＡＧ１４７８;实验对照组造模成功后给予大鼠口服等量生理盐水。３组均于７ｄ处死大鼠,观察各组视网膜结构的变化及采用免疫组织化学法观察阳性节细胞的表达。结果　通过免疫组化法发现,随着造模时间的延长,视网膜结构变得模糊不清,ＲＧＣｓ阳性染色细胞逐渐减少。空白对照组、实验组、实验对照组ＲＧＣｓＴｈｙ-１阳性表达光密度值分别是:１４３．６６６７±４．０４１５、１３９．０３２２±１．７３４０和１０１．１０２３±２．０００１。实验组和空白对照组相比,视网膜Ｔｈｙ-１阳性表达差异无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）,实验对照组和空白对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）,实验组与实验对照组视网膜Ｔｈｙ-１阳性表达,差异亦有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＥＧＦＲ抑制剂通过抑制大胶质细胞的活化对实验性急性高眼压大鼠模型的ＲＧＣｓ有保护作用。     

Efficacy of ripasudil in reducing intraocular pressure and medication score for ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of ripasudil, a Rho kinase inhibitor, in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication scores of anti-glaucoma drugs in patients with ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid. METHODS: The study included 11 patients diagnosed with ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid, all of whom were prescribed ripasudil eye drops and followed up for at least 2y after the initiation of treatment. IOP was measured using a non-contact tonometer before enrollment and at each follow-up visit. The medication score of glaucoma eye drops was calculated for each patient. RESULTS: The mean IOP (26.4±2.9 mm Hg before treatment) significantly decreased after ripasudil therapy (13.7±3.3 mm Hg at 3mo) and remained stable in the low-teens during the 2-year follow-up period (P<0.0001). A significant decrease in the medication score was observed at 12mo or later after the initiation of ripasudil therapy (P<0.05). Both baseline medication scores and glaucomatous optic disc change rates were significantly higher in the five eyes that required glaucoma surgery during the 2-year observation period than the 10 eyes that did not require surgery. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the efficacy of ripasudil, in reducing IOP and the medication score over a 2-year treatment period in patients with ocular hypertension with inflammation and corticosteroid. Our findings also suggest that ripasudil could reduce the IOP in uveitic glaucoma patients with both lower baseline medication score and lower glaucomatous optic disc change rate.     

灯盏细辛对NMDA所致的大鼠视网膜神经元损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨灯盏细辛(EBHM)是否对N-甲基-D天门冬氨酸(NMDA)导致的大鼠视网膜神经节细胞层(RGCL)神经元兴奋毒性损伤有保护作用。方法:60只健康SD大鼠随机分为4组,其中6只为正常对照组(A组),其余54只随机分为3组,分别为B组(EBHM组),C组(生理盐水加NMDA组),D组(EBHM加NMDA组),每组各18只大鼠。C、D两组大鼠右眼玻璃体内注射NMDA 10 nmol/2 μl制成视网膜损伤模型,左眼玻璃体内注射相同剂量PBS液作为自身对照。B组及D组均在NMDA注射前7d起按15 mg·100 g-1·d-1剂量予6％EBHM腹腔内注射,C组予生理盐水0.5 ml腹腔内注射。在NMDA处理后4,7和14 d处死动物剥取视网膜作全层铺片行RGCL神经元计数分析。结果:正常对照组双眼RGCL神经元计数比较差异无显著性意义(P=0.200)。NMDA干预后4、7 d和14 dEBHM组RGCL神经元计数,双眼与正常对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。生理盐水加NMDA及EBHM加NMDA组实验眼在以上各时段RGCL神经元计数与正常比较差异均有非常显著性意义(P<0.001),左眼与正常对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。实验眼14 d时RGCL神经元计数EBHM加NMDA组高于生理盐水加NMDA组,两者比较差异有显著性(P=0.044),但仍低于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论:单独使用EBHM对正常大鼠RGCL神经元计数无影响,EBHM可对N     

N-甲基-N-亚硝脲对大鼠视网膜光感受器的毒性作用

目的:观察N-甲基-N-亚硝脲(N-methyl-N-nitrosourea,MNU)对SD大鼠视网膜光感受器细胞的毒性作用。方法:雌性SD大鼠100只,分17组,正常对照组4只,其余组各6只。在大鼠生后50 d,分别一次腹腔注射MNU 50 mg／kg、60 mg／kg、70 mg／kg和80 mg／kg。在MNU处理后24、48、72 h和7 d处死大鼠,取眼球,做组织学检查。结果:不同剂量的MNU均引起中心视网膜和周边视网膜损伤,其损害的程度与MNU的剂量呈正比。作用24 h后,可见视网膜光感受器细胞核固缩、破坏及光感受器外节部定向紊乱;48 h或72 h后,可见光感受器细胞丧失;7 d后,外颗粒层和光感受层几乎完全消失。结论:MNU对大鼠视网膜光感受器细胞有选择性的毒性作用,该作用呈剂量和时间依赖性。     

The mechanism of increasing outflow facility by rho-kinase inhibition with Y-27632 in bovine eyes

Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 (Y-27) affects actomyosin cytoskeletal networks and has been shown to significantly increase outflow facility (C) in enucleated porcine and rabbit eyes, as well as in vivo monkey eyes without obvious toxicity. The mechanisms underlying these responses remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigate how Y-27 affects aqueous humor C, the hydrodynamic patterns of outflow, and the morphology of the inner wall (IW) and juxtacanalicular connective tissue (JCT). 12 bovine eyes were perfused at 15 mmHg with Dulbecco's PBS containing 5.5 mM glucose (DPBS) to establish stable baseline C. The anterior chamber was exchanged and perfused with DPBS containing 50 microM Y-27 in 7 eyes, while 5 eyes received DPBS alone. Eyes were then perfused with DPBS containing fluorescent microspheres (0.5 microm; 0.002% v/v) at a fixed volume to deliver equivalent amounts of tracer to label the hydrodynamic filtration patterns. All eyes were perfusion-fixed with Karnovsky's fixative. Radial and frontal sections were prepared in all quadrants and confocal images were taken along the IW of the aqueous plexus (AP). The total length (TL) and filtration length (FL) of the IW were measured in > or =16 images/eye, and the average percent effective filtration length (PEFL=FL/TL) was calculated. Sections with AP were processed and examined by light and electron microscopy. The TL of the IW and length exhibiting JCT/IW separation (SL) were measured in > or =16 micrographs/eye, and the average percent separation length (PSL=SL/TL) was also calculated. After Y-27 treatment, C increased from 1.54+/-0.34 (+/-SEM) to 2.36+/-0.54 microL/min per mmHg (58.2+/-18.9%) while control eyes changed from 1.67+/-0.41 to 1.71+/-0.39 microl/min per mmHg (6.0+/-9.3%) and the percent changes between the Y-27-treated and control eyes were significant (p=0.03). Control eyes showed segmental distribution of tracer in the trabecular meshwork tending to cluster near collector channel ostia, whereas Y-27-treated eyes showed a more uniform pattern and extensive labeling along the IW. In Y-27-treated eyes, PEFL was 3-fold larger (57.6+/-3.7%) compared to control eyes (18.2+/-4.5%; p<0.001). Light microscopic examination revealed that, with Y-27, the IW and JCT were significantly distended compared to control eyes, with discernible separation between the IW and JCT. PSL was 2.8-fold larger in Y-27-treated eyes (59.3+/-3.6%) than in controls (20.8+/-2.0%; p<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between PEFL and PSL (p=0.003) suggesting that as connectivity between the JCT and IW decreases the available area for aqueous humor drainage increases along the AP. Our study also demonstrates a significant positive correlation between C and the PSL (p=0.01), a finding identical to what we reported to occur during the "washout" effect in bovine eyes. Our data suggests the structural correlate to the increase in C and PEFL after Y-27-treatment is physical separation between the JCT and IW. The increase in C after Y-27-treatment may share a similar mechanism comparable with the washout effect that occurs in bovine eyes. Overall, these findings support our hypothesis that JCT/IW connectivity influences local outflow hydrodynamics that regulate C, and suggest that strategies targeting JCT/IW connectivity are promising anti-glaucoma therapies to reduce IOP.     

The Effect of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome on the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Choroid Thickness

Purpose: To investigate thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and choroid thickness in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) compared to healthy volunteers. Methods: This cross-sectional, prospective study included 43 patients with PXG, 45 patients with PEX syndrome, and 48 healthy volunteers. The RNFL and macular thickness were analyzed with standard OCT protocol while choroidal thickness was analyzed with EDI protocol in all subjects. Results: The RNFL thickness was higher in the PEX and control groups compared to the PXG group (p<0.001). The choroid thickness was significantly higher in the control group compared to the PXG and PEX groups (p<0.05). No significant difference was detected between the both groups. Conclusions: PEX might weaken choroid circulation by accumulating in choroid vessels. The thinner choroid in the PXG group suggests that ischemia affects the duration of PEX and has a role in the development of glaucoma.     

青光眼药物对眼部血液循环的影响

尽管眼压被认为是青光眼发病的主要危险因素,越来越多的证据显示,眼部缺血也对青光眼发病起着重要作用。由于当前所用的许多青光眼药物对血管系统有影响,因此评价这些药物对眼部循环的作用有着重要意义。本文就6大类局部降眼压药物对眼血流的影响进行综述。     

特异性阻断剂Nec-1对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤模型小鼠坏死性凋亡的影响及作用

目的 探讨特异性阻断剂Nec-1对视网膜缺血再灌注损伤(retinal ischemia reperfusion injury,RIRI)模型中坏死性凋亡的影响及作用.方法 取60只野生型C57小鼠随机分为实验组、对照组及空白组.每组20只.在进行Nec-1对坏死性凋亡影响研究中,空白组15只小鼠不做任何处理,实验组15只小鼠给予玻璃体内注射2 μL Nec-1 (2 mol·L-1)预处理,对照组15只小鼠无预处理;预处理4h后实验组及对照组通过前房灌注法建立RIRI模型;再灌注损伤后3d,每种检测方法各取5只小鼠分别于取材后行Western blot、免疫荧光定量PCR、免疫荧光染色,检测以下基因mRNA和蛋白的表达变化:IL-13、IL-6、TNF-α、RIP3、RIP1及Caspase-8.在进行Nec-1对视网膜神经节细胞(retinal ganglion cell,RGC)的影响研究中,实验组、对照组及空白组各5只小鼠纳入荧光金标记.空白组小鼠荧光金标记后不做任何处理.荧光金标记7d后,实验组小鼠给予玻璃体内注射2μL Nec-1(2 mol·L-1)预处理,对照组无预处理.预处理4h后实验组及对照组通过前房灌注法建立RIRI模型.再灌注损伤后3d,收集视网膜组织行铺片RGC计数研究.结果 与对照组相比,实验组RIP3、RIPI的mRNA表达明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均为P ＜0.001);IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的mRNA表达亦均明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.001);Caspase-8的表达变化不明显,与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P =0.654 8).通过Western blot检测发现,实验组RIP3蛋白表达较对照组明显降低,其变化趋势与RIP3 mRNA水平的变化基本一致.通过视网膜切片免疫荧光染色检测亦发现,实验组RIP3蛋白表达较对照组明显降低.实验组全视网膜铺片中每个视野下荧光金逆行标记RGC数(197.3±3.6)较对照组(107.5±6.1)明显增多,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).结论 实验性RIRI模型中,Nec-1能阻断坏死性凋亡,并显著增加RGC数.     

白藜芦醇对青光眼大鼠视神经损伤的保护作用及其机制

目的:分析白藜芦醇对青光眼大鼠视神经的保护作用及对磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)信号通路及其相关因子的影响。方法:SPF级SD大鼠以烧灼巩膜表面静脉法制作右眼青光眼模型,建模成功后以不同剂量(10、20、40mg/kg腹腔注射)白藜芦醇干预,末次给药后2h检测各组大鼠眼压,进行视网膜铺片观察视网膜神经节细胞(RGC)存活情况,采用实时荧光定量PCR及Western blot法检测视网膜PI3K、Akt、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)mRNA及蛋白表达情况。结果:模型组眼压(30.25±4.25mmHg)高于低剂量组(26.30±4.05mmHg)、中剂量组(22.31±3.68mmHg)和高剂量组(18.32±3.21mmHg),模型组RGC标识率(48.25%±4.50%)低于低剂量组(56.32%±5.05%)、中剂量组(66.03%±6.68%)和高剂量组(78.56%±7.82%)(均P<0.05),且低、中、高剂量组眼压呈剂量依赖性下降,RGC标识率呈剂量依赖性升高。模型组p-PI3K/PI3K、p-Akt/Akt蛋白比值及bFGF、BDNF mRNA和蛋白相对表达量低于低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组(均P<0.05),且低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组呈剂量依赖性升高。结论:白藜芦醇能抑制青光眼大鼠RGC的凋亡,减轻视神经损伤,其机制可能与上调PI3K/Akt信号通路中相关蛋白的磷酸化及视神经保护作用因子基因与蛋白的表达有关。