癫痫中环状RNA的研究现状

癫痫是一种神经系统慢性疾病,给家庭和社会带来沉重的经济及照护负担,其发病机制复杂,且约1/3的癫痫患者对药物治疗不敏感,发现一种可以诊断及治疗的分子标志物势在必行。近年来人们对环状RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)的研究越来越多,其作为非编码RNA的重要成员,可作为调控工具、生物标志物、治疗靶点,分别为癫痫的病理生理研究、诊断、治疗提供新的指导和方向。本综述结合国内外相关报道,旨在阐述circRNA相关功能、特性及其与癫痫相关性,为进一步研究circRNA与癫痫提供理论依据。     

CircRNA在脑胶质瘤发生发展中的调控机制和应用研究进展

脑胶质瘤是颅内常见的原发性恶性肿瘤之一,其病情进展快、复发率高、预后差。环状RNA（circRNA）是一种特殊的非编码RNA,具有独特的稳定性、组织特异性及疾病特异性。有证据表明,大量异常表达的circRNA在脑胶质瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭、迁移和凋亡等过程中展现重要作用,被认为是脑胶质瘤早期诊断和预后评估的一种新型生物标志物,将为脑胶质瘤的预防、诊断和靶向治疗提供新的思路和手段。该文概述了circRNA在脑胶质瘤发生发展中的调控机制,并对circRNA在脑胶质瘤临床诊疗应用研究的最新进展进行综述。 [国际神经病学神经外科学杂志, 2023, 50(3): 66-72]     

环状RNA在胶质瘤中的研究进展

环状RNA(circRNA)是一种新型的环状功能性非编码RNA,在真核生物中广泛分布,与传统线性RNA分子相比,没有多聚腺苷酸尾结构,且具有更强的稳定性.circRNA在胶质瘤等多种肿瘤的发生发展进程中发挥重要调节作用,且已用作潜在的生物标志物和肿瘤相关治疗靶点.本文就circRNA的生物学特点、功能以及与神经胶质瘤相...     

缺血性卒中患者外周血白细胞环状RNA表达谱分析

目的 分析缺血性卒中(IS)患者外周血白细胞环状RNA(circRNA)的表达谱,探讨circRNA与IS的关系.方法 选取4例IS患者和4例对照者,采用circRNA表达谱芯片检测两组外周血白细胞,使用qRT-PCR验证差异表达的circRNA,并预测与circRNA结合的靶微小RNA(miRNA)和相关信号通路.结...     

~iceRNA在神经系统肿瘤与免疫病中的研究进展

MicroRNA(miRNA)是一类长度约为22个核苷酸的内源性非编码RNA,通过与靶mRNA的3′UTR区域的特异性结合降解靶基因或抑制靶基因翻译。近期研究表明,一些mRNA、假基因、Long noncoding RNA(LncRNA)等可通过共同竞争miRNA反应元件(microRNA response element,MREs),从而实现对靶基因表达的调控。这些RNA称之为竞争性内源RNA(competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA),这种调控机制被称为ceRNA假说。而在一些神经系统疾病发生的过程中,mRNA、假基因、LncRNA、环状RNA等均可作为机体内的ceRNA,起到促进或者抑制疾病发生的作用。本文对ceRNA与部分神经系统肿瘤及神经免疫病等疾病的研究进展进行综述。     

circRNA ZNF609靶向miR-512-5p调控胶质瘤细胞恶性生物学行为的分子机制研究

目的 探讨circRNA ZNF609影响胶质瘤细胞恶性生物学行为的可能机制。方法 (1)收集35例胶质瘤患者手术切除的肿瘤标本(胶质瘤组)及7例颅脑外伤患者的脑组织标本(对照组)，RT-qPCR法检测组织中环状RNA(circRNA)ZNF609与微小RNA(miR)-512-5p表达量；(2)正常胶质细胞(HEB)为对照，RT-qPCR法检测胶质瘤细胞系(LN18、SW1088和Hs683)中circRNA ZNF609与miR-512-5p表达量；(3)胶质瘤LN18细胞，分别转染circRNA ZNF609小干扰RNA(siRNA)、miR-512-5p模拟物、或共转染circRNA ZNF609小干扰siRNA与anti-miRNA-512-5p后，用MTT法、流式细胞术、Transwell法分别检测LN18细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭；Western blot法检测细胞中细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)和cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达。双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证circRNA ZNF609与miR-512-5p的调控关系。结果 与对照组比较，胶质瘤组circ...     

MicroRNA-34a在神经系统疾病中的研究进展

microRNA是一类具有调控功能的非编码RNA;microRNA-34a(miR-34a)是其中的一种,已经证实其在脑组织中广泛表达。最新研究表明,miR-34a通过调控相应蛋白的表达,调节脑组织中细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡,从而广泛地参与到神经系统各类疾病如神经系统肿瘤、神经损伤、神经变性疾病等的发生、发展及修复过程,发挥其独特的调控作用。本文就miR-34a在神经系统各类疾病的病理生理过程中的作用及相关机制做一简要综述。     

circRNAs在儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤的研究进展

环状RNA(circRNAs)是一种在真核细胞中广泛表达的非编码RNA,是由一段基因中单个或多个外显子及少量内含子的3’端和5’端通过头到尾的反向剪接后环化形成,相对于线性RNA拥有较为稳定的性质。已有许多实验结果证实circRNAs参与神经、消化、内分泌、泌尿等多个系统恶性肿瘤的调控,且在这些肿瘤的发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。近年来,以circRNAs为代表的一系列非编码RNA(ncRNAs)参与儿童中枢神经系统（CNS）恶性肿瘤调控的相关机制成为研究热点,并有望成为儿童CNS肿瘤靶向治疗的新靶点,为早期诊断和改善患儿预后提供新的思路。[国际神经病学神经外科学杂志, 2022, 49(6):97-101]     

环状RNA在调控脑缺血再灌注损伤中的作用研究进展

缺血性脑卒中(IS)是导致全球人类死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。虽然支架植入、脑血管搭桥、溶栓等再灌注治疗技术可使IS患者的缺血部位实现再灌注, 但因再灌注治疗引起的脑缺血再灌注损伤(CIRI)却成为了当前临床的治疗难题。目前临床中改善CIRI的诊疗手段有限且常常不能获得满意的疗效, 因此, 基于分子水平探究CIRI的病理生理机制, 以寻求有效的治疗CIRI方法成为了当前的研究焦点。已有研究证实, 环状RNA(circRNA)参与了CIRI过程中的许多生理病理过程, 充当重要的调节因子, 有望成为治疗CIRI的潜在靶点。本文围绕CIRI中circRNA对不同脑细胞的调控作用进行综述, 以期为治疗和改善CIRI提供新的潜在靶点。     

中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病患者外周血白细胞环状RNA表达谱的生物信息学分析

目的 通过对Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO)数据库中公共的数据集进行数据挖掘,找出中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病患者外周血白细胞中差异表达的环状RNA(circRNA),并从理论上预测其功能。方法 从GEO数据库中检索中枢神经脱髓鞘患者白细胞的circRNA表达数据集,应用DESeq2算法计算差异表达的circRNA,将不同数据集得到的差异表达circRNA进行比对,找出共同差异表达的circRNA。对差异表达的circRNA的母源基因进行基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析,揭示其可能的功能。最后,在实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)小鼠外周血白细胞中对小鼠同源的circRNA进行实时定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)验证其变化趋势。结果 通过检索GEO数据库,筛选出2个多发性硬化(MS)外周血白细胞数据集,获得263个差异表达的circRNA。其中,hsa_circ₀040823、hsa_circ₀018992、hsa_circ_...     

Mental illness in England,in Scotland and in Scots living in England

Summary Beginning from the observation that Scots living in England have much higher rates of mental hospital admission than do the English, several hypotheses are proposed to account for this. Much of the excess in rates of mental illness is accounted for by those diagnosed as having alcohol-related disorders and behaviour and personality problems. The results of an examination of offical statistics in the two countries enabled some explanations to be offered. It was found that rates of admissions to mental hospitals are higher in Scotland than in England but not as high as those found among Scots migrants who have a much higher rate of readmission to hospitals than either of the other groups. In fact, if first admissions only are considered the rates of admission in Scotland are not only higher than rates for English natives but also higher than for Scottish migrants. It seems that Scots living in England are somewhat less likely to become mental patients than Scots in Scotland but that once they do achieve this status they are very much more likely to be readmitted on subsequent occasions. It was concluded that there might be two fairly distinct groups of migrants from Scotland to England who have different backgrounds, different reasons for migrating and different psychological characteristics. On the one hand there are stable, economically motivated migrants who move south for definite employment related reasons and who show few psychological symptoms. While on the other hand there is a group of migrants who perhaps have psychological problems and who move more in hope than expectation without definite prospects and who account for the high rates of mental hospital admission found in Scottish migrants.     

Prostacyclin release in the coronary circulation during sustained stimulation in in vitro and in in vivo experimental systems

Prostacyclin release from rat isolated perfused hearts and from dog coronary circulation was studied by measuring immunoreactive 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1a) in heart perfusate and in plasma obtained from the great cardiac vein respectively. Continuous infusion of arachidonic acid at constant concentration in isolated perfused hearts induced an increased prostacyclin release. This release showed a rapid peak within 10 min and a subsequent decrease. Low-flow ischemia induced an increased perfusate concentration of 6-keto-PGF1a but, considering the decreased flow, prostacyclin release was actually reduced. During the whole period of ischemia (60 min) prostacyclin release was constant. In open-chest anesthetized dogs 6-keto-PGF1a concentration in the great cardiac vein was increased after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. A prolonged period of coronary occlusion (4.5 hours) resulted in a progressive rise of prostacyclin release. 6-keto-PGF1a determinations in the femoral vein and in the aorta did not show relevant variations during the observation period.     

癫痫与抑郁关系的研究进展

抑郁是癫痫患者中常见的精神障碍,严重地影响了患者的生活质量。传统的观点认为癫痫患者因为存在着诸多社会学问题易出现抑郁倾向,癫痫和抑郁是单向的联系,但大量的研究已经证明癫痫和抑郁之间存在双向的联系,一种异常状态的存在可能易转化为另一种异常状态的发展。癫痫和抑郁存在着共同的发病机制。本文主要就癫痫和抑郁的双向联系以及抗抑郁药物在癫痫患者中的应用进行阐述。     

神经介入：回眸2022

<正>2022年,国际上公布了多项大型神经介入领域的随机对照试验（randomized controlled trial,RCT）结果,在血管内治疗（endovascular treatment,EVT）急性大血管闭塞（large vessel occlusion,LVO）适应证的扩展、药物治疗、管理,症状性颅内动脉粥样硬化性狭窄（symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis,sICAS）治疗,无症状性颈动脉狭窄治疗,     

Neuroimaging in epilepsy in tropics

Epilepsy is a major public health problem in many tropical countries. Also, some of the tropical diseases are major contributors to the higher prevalence of epilepsy in these countries. The etiologic factors responsible for epilepsy in these countries are quite different from those in the developed world. This article discusses the etiologic factors and neuroimaging of epilepsy in light of the conditions in these tropical countries.