常规体外受精失败病例中补救卵胞浆内单精子注射时间对临床结局的影响

在常规体外受精一胚胎移植（IVF—ET）周期中完全不受精或低受精率（受精≤25％）的发生率约为10％～20％。卫生部辅助生殖技术管理条例规定,在应用辅助生殖技术助孕的治疗中,对以女方输卵管堵塞、排卵障碍、子宫内膜异位症或不明原因等不育因素为主的患者,只要男方精液质量能达到体外受精（IVF）标准均应行IVF－ET治疗。     

常规体外受精失败周期早补救卵胞浆内单精子注射与部分-卵胞浆内单精子注射受精方式的回顾性分析

目的比较早补救卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）与部分（Half）-ICSI两种授精方式在体外受精（IVF）助孕中的应用。方法回顾性分析76个常规IVF发生受精失败的移植周期。其中30个周期为早补救ICSI授精方式（早补救ICSI组）,46个周期为Half-ICSI授精方式（Half-ICSI组）。分析受精情况、胚胎质量、种植率、妊娠率、抱婴回家率、出生缺陷和卵母细胞利用情况。结果早补救ICSI组与Half—ICSI组的双原核（2PN）受精率、多PN受精率、1PN受精率、优质胚胎率、胚胎种植率、妊娠率、抱婴回家率、出生缺陷无显著差异（P〉0．05）。但早补救ICSI组卵母细胞利用率高于Half-ICSI组,平均受精卵数分别为（6．30±2．96）和（4．20±1．75）（P〈0．001）,胚胎数分别为（6．20±2．89）和（4．11±1．68）（P〈0．001）,冷冻胚胎数分别为（3．20±2．76）和（1．56±1．68）（P〈0．01）、冷冻周期率分别为76．67％和50．00％（P〈0．05）。结论在常规IVF完全受精失败的周期,早补救ICSI授精方式与Half-ICSI授精方式的受精率、胚胎质量和妊娠结局类似,但前者有更好的卵母细胞利用率和更多可利用胚胎。     

补救的卵胞浆内单精子注射方法的评估

目的探讨对常规体外受精(IVF)后完全受精失败(TFF)的卵母细胞进行补救的卵胞浆内单精子注射(L-ICSI)方法的效果。方法自2002年1月至2007年2月对86对夫妇常规IVF后TFF的卵母细胞行L-ICSI,对取卵数目达到12个的原发不育,尤其是对原因不明和子宫内膜异位症不育的14对夫妇采用半数卵母细胞ICSI(Half-ICSI),并进行评估。结果L-ICSI与取卵日ICSI的受精率和分裂胚胎率差异非常显著(P<0.01),而且可移植胚胎数目减少,临床妊娠率极低,仅获得1.2%(1/86)的临床妊娠与分娩。31对L-ICSI的夫妇在本中心行第二次助孕治疗选择取卵日ICSI,获得41.9%(13/31)的妊娠率。Half-ICSI与L-ICSI比较,受精率、分裂胚胎率相似,但临床妊娠率(50%比1.2%)差异非常显著(P<0.01)。Half-ICSI受精率67.6%,临床妊娠率50%(5/10),与取卵日ICSI比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论L-ICSI作为补救措施作用甚小,建议对合适的人群采用Half-ICSI以避免TFF,提高临床妊娠率。     

卵胞浆内单精子注射在常规体外受精失败病例中的应用

目的评价卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)对常规体外受精(IVF)失败病例的应用效果。方法对于常规IVF受精失败的病人在第2天进行补救ICSI(A组)21个周期,或在下一个周期直接应用ICSI技术治疗(B组)18个周期。分别与因严重少、弱精子症而行ICSI的243周期(对照组)的受精率、优质胚胎率和妊娠率等进行比较。结果A组的受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率分别为61.53%、81.73%、72.94%,均比B组的83.87%、97.69%、84.25%显著降低(P<0.05),而两组的多原核率差异无显著性(3.55%vs1.29%,P>0.05)。比较临床妊娠率、种植率和冷冻周期率,B组与对照组均无显著差异,而A组与对照组均有显著差异。结论常规IVF受精失败者可通过第2天补救ICSI或下一周期直接行ICSI而提高受精率和种植率,而后者比前者能获得更好的妊娠结局。     

卵细胞胞质内单精子注射在前次常规体外受精失败病例中的应用

目的:探讨卵细胞胞质内单精子注射(ICSI)是否可以改善由于受精障碍导致不孕病例的妊娠结局。方法:回顾性分析2002年1月~2004年12月由于第1周期的常规体外受精(IVF)治疗中卵子完全不受精或受精率≤20%,而在随后的治疗周期中采取ICSI方法受精的20个病例(共22个周期,研究组)的ICSI治疗结局。对照组为同期因男方少弱精子进行第1次ICSI治疗的连续100个周期。结果:与前次IVF相比,经ICSI治疗后受精率从5.4%显著提高至76.9%(χ2=264.66,P<0.001),但研究组中低受精患者经ICSI治疗后的受精率67.9%,明显低于对照组的77.5%(χ2=5.18,P<0.05)和研究组中完全不受精患者的84.2%(χ2=8.97,P<0.05)。研究组中完全不受精患者的妊娠率和胚胎种植率分别为57.1%和40.5%,均高于对照组的35.0%和18.9%,但仅胚胎种植率的差异有显著性意义(χ2=8.80,P<0.01)。结论:ICSI可以有效地克服受精障碍,提高受精率,并且可明显改善妊娠结局。     

常规体外受精失败后6h补行卵胞浆内单精子注射及其严格指征的临床意义

目的探讨为进一步严格控制卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）指征,在常规体外受精（IVF）失败后6h补行ICSI的方法对临床结果的影响。方法回顾分析本中心2006年1月至2007年11月常规IVF或ICSI的方法进行的治疗周期（A组）与2007年12月至2008年11月修改ICSI指征后,使用常规IVF及受精失败后6h补行ICSI的方法进行的治疗周期（B组）比较两个时期的总周期的临床妊娠率和ICSI所占比例。结果A组799周期,临床妊娠率为35．29％,其中行ICSI369例,占总周期46．18％;B组704周期,临床妊娠率为42．19％,其中行ICSI190例,占总周期26．99％。两组的总临床妊娠率有显著性差异,行ICSI的比例也有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论使用常规IVF受精失败后6h补行ICSI的方法,修改ICSI指征,ICSI比例降低,对本中心的临床妊娠率无影响。     

短时受精与卵胞浆内单精子注射的临床应用研究

目的　比较采用简化的短时受精与卵胞浆内单精子注射 (ICSI)的临床应用效果 ,以了解体外受精 (IVF)时短时受精的临床应用价值。　方法　全部病例接受常规促超排卵治疗获得卵母细胞 ,根据患者接受体外受精的不同方式分为两组。短时受精组 10 5例 ,采用精卵四孔皿混合培养 ,加精后 2h将卵母细胞转移至新鲜培养基 ,12 1周期 ;对照组 112例 ,采用ICSI,133周期。分别比较两组受精卵的个数、形成胚胎数及临床妊娠率 ,并进行统计分析。　结果　短时受精组共获卵母细胞16 33个 ,正常受精 (双原核 ) 116 4个 (71.3% ) ,形成胚胎数 10 84个 (93.1% ) ,临床妊娠 4 5例 (4 2 .9% ) ;对照组共获卵母细胞 175 2个 ,形成胚胎数 10 97个 ,临床妊娠 4 8例 (4 2 .9% )。两组女方年龄差异无显著性意义 ;受精率、形成胚胎数、移植胚胎数、冷冻胚胎数及妊娠率差异均无显著性意义 (P均 >0 .0 5 )。　结论　短时受精既简便 ,有效 ,又能获得与ICSI受精相同的临床效果。     

影响补救性卵胞浆内单精子注射周期妊娠的因素

常规体外受精（IVF）周期中不受精或者低受精（周期受精率≤25％）在临床上的发生率一般占常规IVF的10％～30％,补救性卵胞浆内单精子注射（rescue—ICSI）作为一种受精失败的补救措施在临床上的应用已有十余年,但rescue—ICSI的临床结局不如人意,对于这部分患者,目前国内外仍无有效的改善措施。本文通过对rescue～ICSI周期的回顾,分析影响周期妊娠的因素,为临床实践提供参考。     

体外受精和卵胞浆内单精子注射后均为多原核合子一例

患者30岁,婚后6年性生活正常,未避孕未育.月经周期7/28～30 d;2001年在当地医院行腹腔镜检查术,未见明显异常.     

早期补救卵胞浆内单精子注射在常规体外受精不受精或低受精周期中的应用

常规体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer,IVF-ET)周期中,卵母细胞受精低下或不受精的发生率约为10％～20％[1].补救性卵胞浆内单精子注射(rescue intracytoplasmic sperm injection,rescue ICSI)作为受精失败的一种补救措施已在许多生殖中心实施,早期多行晚期补救,一般在受精后16～20 h观察原核形成情况,如未见原核形成则通过ICSI再次受精.     

常规体外受精失败卵母细胞行早期补救卵胞浆内显微注射的临床应用价值

目的探讨常规体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF—ET）中受精障碍患者行早期补救卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）的可行性。方法回顾性分析我院生殖中心2007年1月至2009年7月常规IVF—ET治疗877周期,其中2008年3月至2009年7月期间开展短时受精并对受精障碍周期行早期补救ICSI的546周期作为研究组,2007年1月至2008年2月期间未开展短时受精、早期补救ICSI的331周期作为对照组。研究组通过IVF后6h观察卵母细胞是否排出第2极体评估受精,对完全未受精和低受精周期中未见第二极体排出的成熟卵母细胞立即行早期补救ICSI,比较两组临床及实验室指标。研究组中行早期补救ICSI的70周期实验室指标和临床指标与同期179个常规ICSI周期相比较。结果研究组通过早期补救ICSI,受精率、周期冷冻率、优质胚胎率均比对照组显著提高（P〈O．01）,因受精失败取消移植率显著降低（P〈O．01）。早期补救ICSI周期受精率、可移植胚胎率、临床妊娠率及胚胎种植率与常规ICSI相似,正常受精率、卵裂率和优质胚胎率显著低于常规ICSI,≥3原核（PN）异常受精的比率较常规ICSI略有升高,但无显著性差异。结论IVF后6h行早期补救ICSI能提高常规IVF卵的利用率,并获得与常规ICSI相似的临床妊娠结局。     

单卵患者体外受精与卵胞浆内单精子注射授精方式的比较

目的探讨仅获得一枚卵子的患者行体外受精（IVF）或卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）治疗后受精率及妊娠率的差别。方法通过对本中心133个仅获得一枚卵的IVF治疗周期临床指标的分析,调查IVF与ICSI不同授精方式处理后受精率和妊娠率的差别。结果76个获得一枚卵IVF周期与57个获得一枚卵ICSI周期受精率和妊娠率均无统计学差异（73．7％vs82．5％,P〉0．05;10．5％vs14．0％,P〉0．05）;其中〈38岁组受精率和妊娠率分别为（73．9％vs83．3％,13．0%vs23．3％）,〉38岁组受精率和妊娠率分别为（73．3％vs81．5％,6．7％vs3．7％）,均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论对于仅获得一枚卵子进行IVF或ICSI授精方式,其受精率及妊娠率没有统计学差异。     

Comparison of conventional in vitro fertilisation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in patients with moderate oligoasthenozoospermia

The method of choice for assisted reproductive technology treatment in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is usually based on the evaluation of male infertility factors. Decisions for couples with moderate oligoasthenozoospermia (OA) are often empirical because uniform treatment criteria are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of patients with moderate OA treated with conventional IVF and ICSI. A total of 199 couples with moderate OA undergoing their first IVF/ICSI cycle were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of insemination: conventional IVF group (n = 97) and ICSI group (n = 102). All patients were randomised to be inseminated either by conventional IVF or ICSI. The fertilisation rate, embryo quality, implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were examined. No differences in the fertilisation, implantation and pregnancy rates were observed between conventional IVF and ICSI groups (P > 0.05). However, the number of good‐quality embryos was significantly higher in the ICSI group than in the IVF group (P < 0.05). Couples with moderate OA did not influence on the overall clinical outcomes between IVF and ICSI treatments, and a negative influence by ICSI on blastocyst development was not confirmed.     

少弱精夫妇接受传统体外受精和卵浆内单精子注射治疗结果的比较

本文将１２６个周期的ＩＶＦ和ＩＣＳＩ按男性精情况和治疗方法分３组,男方精液正常夫妇接受ＩＶＦ治疗共５１个周期为第１组,男方少、弱精夫妇接受ＩＶＦ治疗共２２个周期为第２组,男方少、弱精夫妇接受ＩＣＳＩ治疗共３０个周期为第３组。分别比较第１组与第２组、第３组与第２组的受精率、卵裂率和怀孕率。结果第２组的受精率明显低于第１组和第３组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,而不受精率为３１．８％,明显高于其它两组（Ｐ〈０．０１     

Predictive value of chromatin decondensation in vitro on fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

This study was undertaken to identify the relationship between sperm chromatin decondensation after incubation with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), or heparin at various points of time. Likewise, this study will determine chromatin stability within definite time intervals, chromatin decondensation after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and whether chromatin decondensation in vitro could be used as a predictive test for fertilization capability after ICSI. Sixty-five infertile couples undergoing ICSI therapy were included in this prospective study. Male factor infertility was the main indication for inclusion. One millilitre from each semen sample after washing was mixed with SDS-EDTA (group 1) or SDS/heparin (group 2) and incubated for 120 min. Many smears were made within 10 min of mixing the spermatozoa with detergent and the reducing agents and at the following points of time 30, 60 and 120 min and after 24 h. Chromatin decondensation was evaluated after staining with acridine orange (AO). The mean percentage of uncondensed chromatin of spermatozoa in the semen sample in the first group before addition of SDS/EDTA was 26.1 +/- 19.0 and 22.3 +/- 18.9% in the second one. After incubation of spermatozoa for 30, 60 and 120 min and 24 h, the chromatin decondensation increased in the first group to 64.0 +/- 28.6, 83.0 +/- 21.1, 87.9 +/- 14.6, 92.1 +/- 16.2 and 98.0 +/- 6.75%, respectively. The corresponding values in the second group were 69.5 +/- 29.9, 78.6 +/- 22.4, 86.9 +/- 17.1, 95.13 +/- 6.5 and 98.3 +/- 5.6%. On the other hand, no correlations were found between the chromatin decondensation or chromatin decondensation rate in vitro and the fertilization rates in all investigated groups. In conclusion, neither the chromatin decondensation ability in vitro nor the rate of chromatin decondensation between various points of time after using SDS/EDTA, SDS/heparin could predict the chromatin decondensation of spermatozoa (fertilization capability) after ICSI.     

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in cases with history of in vitro fertilization failure

Aim: To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the management of cases with a history of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Methods: Two groups of patients, 19 with normal semen parameters and a history of IVF failure (metaphase Ⅱ oocytes: 0~30 %) and 28 with severe male factor infertility received ICSI technology during the same period. Ovarian stimulation was achieved by conventional procedure. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte collection was done 35~37 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) injection. Only metaphase Ⅱ oocytes were selected for microinjection. Results: Fertilization was achieved with ICSI in all the patients. The fertilization rate (75.6 %±21.1 % vs. 73.9 %±19.2 %), cleavage rate (85.1 %±19.3 % vs. 82.7 %±22.1 %), clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer cycle (31.6 % vs. 28.6 %) and implantation rate per embryo (15.3 % vs. 14.4 %) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: ICSI is a valuable method for     

Seminal reactive oxygen species as predictors of fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy rates after conventional in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection

High seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) are related to poor semen quality and impaired fertilization. We aimed at finding whether there is an association between ROS and fertilization, embryo quality and pregnancy rates after conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In prepared semen of 147 male partners of infertile couples, ROS were assessed with luminol chemiluminescence. Spermiogram was assessed in native semen. ROS were negatively correlated with standard sperm characteristics and testicular volume, and positively with abnormal sperm head morphology. Fertilization rate and embryo morphology on day 2 and on day 4 were assessed in 41 IVF and 106 ICSI cycles. The influence of maternal (female age and number of oocytes) and paternal (sperm motility, morphology and ROS) factors on fertilization and embryo quality were assessed by means of regression analyses. After IVF, fertilization and pregnancy rates were negatively associated with ROS level (p = 0.031 and 0.041, respectively). In case of higher ROS, significantly fewer ICSI-derived embryos (p = 0.036) reached the morula-blastocyst stage on day 4. High seminal ROS levels are associated with impaired sperm fertilizing ability and lower pregnancy rates after IVF. In ICSI, a negative association of ROS with embryo development to the blastocyst stage has been observed.     

比较金黄地鼠和人卵浆内单精子注射技术受精率

卵浆内单精子注射技术（ｉｎｔｒａｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃｓｐｅｒｍｉｎｊｅｃｔｉｏｎ，ＩＣＳＩ）１９９２年后已广泛应用于治疗严重的男性不孕患者，平均受精率可达６５％～７０％。但仍有大约１／３的卵在ＩＣＳＩ后未能受精。金黄地鼠ＩＣＳＩ试验（ｈａｍｓｔｅｒ ＩＣＳＩａｓａｙ）可能有助于在临床ＩＣＳＩ治疗前了解精子受精的潜力。为了证明金黄地鼠ＩＣＳＩ和人类ＩＣＳＩ受精率之间的相关性，探索金黄地鼠ＩＣＳＩ能否用为临床ＩＣＳＩ的预试验，本研究采用同一男性不孕患者的精子经显微注射技术在同一天分别注入人和金黄地鼠卵。１６～１８小时后在光镜下观察有无双原核形成（２ ｐｒｏｎｕｃｌｅｕｓ，２ＰＮ）。人卵１１０个其受精率为５８２％（６４／１１０）。金黄地鼠卵１１４个其受精率为１６５％（１４／８０）。经统计学处理，二者无相关性。金黄地鼠ＩＣＳＩ分为两组，Ａ组：无选择地注射了已激活与未激活的卵６３个；Ｂ组：注意选择未激活的卵共５１个。虽经统计学处理无明显差异，但仍可看出Ｂ组的损伤率（１９７±１６６％）低于Ａ组（３５９±５．７％）（Ｐ＝００８）；而Ｂ组的受精率（１８３±１０．９％）略高于Ａ组（１４２±８．７％）（Ｐ＝０?