浅谈大连市道路清扫机械化

对大连市区道路的人工清扫和机动车清扫的费用进行了比较，指出了扫路车的主要优点和不足，以及实现机械化清扫的几个必要条件。     

西安市道路清扫保洁成本费用分析

通过对西安市城六区道路人工和机械清扫保洁实际成本费用和优缺点的对比分析,建议采用效率最大、成本最佳的道路清扫保洁作业形式,即在确保清扫保洁质量的前提下,西安市应大力发展机械清扫、人工保洁的模式。     

机械化清扫船设计中几个关键问题的探讨

在城市水域的保洁作业中，机械化清扫船正逐步替代传统的人工打挥，发挥越来越大的作用。从８０年代开始，上海市环境工程设计科学研究院和上海市水上环境卫生管理处紧密协作，围绕机械化清扫船进行了大量的研制工作。目前已有一些性能优越的机械化清扫船在黄浦江、苏州河的保洁中发挥重要的工作。     

小骨窗开颅显微手术治疗高血压脑出血76例分析

目的探讨腔镜技术用于乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术的可行性。方法15例乳腺癌患者行腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫术，记录淋巴结清扫数目，了解清扫效果；腔镜手术结束后，行常规乳腺癌改良根治术，验证腔镜手术清扫效果。结果15例腔镜手术时间46—138min，平均74min，前期手术时间较长，后期手术技术熟练后时间明显缩短。腔镜下每例取出淋巴结11—26个，平均13．6个，其中6例发现1—5个转移淋巴结；后行常规清扫手术每例取出淋巴结0—6个，平均2．6个，未发现转移淋巴结。腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫术中出血很少，未出现手术并发症。结论借助腔镜器械，通过腋窝处微小隐蔽切口能比较顺利地完成乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结微创清扫，手术效果确切。     

乳腔镜辅助乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术25例临床分析

目的探讨腔镜技术用于乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术的可行性。方法24例乳腺癌患者行腔镜下腋窝淋巴结清扫术，记录淋巴结清扫数目，了解清扫效果。结果24例腔镜，平均取出腋窝淋巴结15．5枚；所有患者术中均未出现腋静脉、胸长神经、胸背神经损伤，未发生大出血、脂肪栓塞，1例出现皮下气肿。平均引流量350ml，术后4～5d拔除引流管。结论乳腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术已完全能够达到常规手术清扫腋窝淋巴结的技术要求，并在减少术后并发症、进一步改善患者术后生存质量上显示特有优势。     

江西吉安市推进道路清扫机械化的实践

通过对江西吉安市道路清扫作业机械化的实践过程分析,证明了JAS2008B型道路清扫机具有多项创新设计,机械化清扫率高,是适合于欠发达中小城市机械化清扫的机械。     

低位直肠癌术中侧方淋巴结清扫的应用价值

目的探讨侧方淋巴结清扫应用于低位直肠癌的价值。方法对41例低位直肠癌患者随机分为侧方清扫组30例,行直肠癌扩大根治术(包括上方、侧方淋巴结清扫);传统清扫组11例,行传统直肠癌根治术。结果侧方清扫组7例发生侧方淋巴结转移,转移率23.33%,低分化腺癌及黏液腺癌发生侧方淋巴结的转移率比高、中分化腺癌高出4倍多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组手术时间、失血量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但侧方清扫组3年生存率比传统清扫组高22.12%。结论对低位直肠癌行侧方淋巴结清扫可降低盆腔复发,改善患者的生存质量,提高生存率,具有临床应用价值。     

乳腺癌胸腔镜下内乳淋巴结清扫术的配合

目的 探讨乳腺癌胸腔镜下内乳淋巴结清扫术的手术配合。方法 对76例浸润性导管癌病人进行胸腔镜下内孔淋巴结清扫术，从手术中总结配合技巧。结果 按照本文的手术配合及体会，对新开展的术式给予熟练到位的手术配合。结论 在常规手术配合基础上加强新技术的配合，有利于胸腔镜手术应用到胸外科各个领域。     

乳腺癌手术保留肋间臂神经的临床价值

目的 探乳腺癌手术腋窝淋巴结清扫时保留肋间臂神经的临床价值。方法84例2期乳腺癌患者，随机分为两组，试验组（36例）拟行乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术时保留肋间臂神经，对照组（48例）拟行常规手术切除肋间臂神经。术后对两组患者进行观察并随访。结果 实验组术后发生上肢感觉障碍7例（19．4％），而对照组有35例（72．9％），二者比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=53，P〈0．005）；经3—48个月随访均未发现局部复发。结论Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa期乳腺癌行腋窝淋巴结清扫术时保留肋问臂神经可以明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉障碍的发生，提高生存质量。     

徐州市道路清扫保洁经费支出绩效评价指标体系研究

针对徐州市道路清扫保洁经费支出绩效评价体系建设,阐述了道路清扫保洁经费管理机构及其职能、绩效评价指标选取的基本原则、绩效评价指标体系的构建、绩效评价标准的确定等,旨在进一步促进道路清扫保洁工作的发展。     

以降低尘负荷为目标的道路清扫保洁作业工艺探讨

分析了尘负荷在路面上的分布情况以及清扫保洁作业对扬尘污染的影响,并对各种现有手段的作业效果进行了试验研究,同时调研了北京市现行的道路清扫保洁作业工艺.以此为依据探讨了以降低道路尘负荷为目标的清扫保洁作业工艺,在北京市某区进行了实践,验证了该作业工艺作业效果较好.     

北京市扫路机作业扬尘监测与分析

通过对北京市道路扬尘与扫路机作业扬尘等监测数据的分析,找出了一些影响扫路机作业扬尘的原因．并提出了建议。     

Diffuse pollution in Oxford (Ohio, USA) watershed and performance of 'street sweeping' as a 'best management practice' (BMP)

Experimental results are described to evaluate the diffuse pollution profile according to land use in the catchments and street sweeping as a best management practice (BMP). We studied the variation of pollutant concentrations in outfalls discharging runoff from residential, commercial and high-traffic areas and in street sweeping. Pollution profiles varied with the land use in the catchments and seasons along with other factors such as rainfall intensity, construction works and street maintenance. Microbial indicator organisms were relatively high in all three outfalls. Heavy metal concentrations were low with lead (Pb) as the predominant heavy metal. The organic and solid contents were low but non-degradable and persistent. Relatively high quantities of pollutants were found in street sweeps in all catchments suggesting street sweeping as an effective measure to control diffuse pollution. Regular and frequent sweeping is important as a BMP.     

From the Cochrane Library: routine membrane sweeping ('stripping') for induction of labor in full-term pregnancies effective, but not always useful

Sweeping ('stripping') of the membranes has the potential to initiate labour by increasing local production of prostaglandins and, thus, to reduce pregnancy duration or to pre-empt formal induction of labour with either oxytocin, prostaglandins or amniotomy. A Cochrane systematic review of 22 trials (2797 women) comparing membrane sweeping with no treatment, with prostaglandins and with oxytocin revealed that stripping of the membranes was associated with reduced frequency of pregnancy continuing beyond 41 and 42 weeks. To avoid formal induction of labour in one instance, membrane sweeping must be performed in 8 women. Discomfort during vaginal examination and other adverse effects (bleeding, irregular contractions) were reported more frequently by women allocated to sweeping. When used as a means of inducing labour, the reduction in the use of more formal methods of induction must be balanced against the resulting discomfort and other adverse effects.     

7 for 11. Health information management and technology stories to watch in 2011

Seven stories unfolding in 2011 illustrate the sweeping changes under way in what will be an active and sometimes tumultuous year in health information management.     

Asbestos exposure causes mesothelioma, but not this asbestos exposure: an amicus brief to the Michigan Supreme Court

Manufacturers of asbestos brakes, supported by many manufacturing and insurance industry amicus curie, requested the Michigan Supreme Court to dismiss testimony of an expert regarding the ability of asbestos dust from brakes to cause mesothelioma as "junk science". Scientists are concerned with the sweeping and unequivocal claims that any conclusion that asbestos from brakes caused a signature asbestos-related disease in a particular person must be "junk science". The manufacturers' sweeping pronouncements are what veer from accepted, reliable mainstream scientific methods and conclusions. This article outlines the evidence supporting the conclusion that asbestos from brakes can and does cause mesothelioma, and describes the defendants' attempts to fabricate doubt about this conclusion.     

Ensuring Racial Equity in Pregnancy Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond

Maternal and Child Health Journal - The COVID-19 pandemic provoked sweeping changes in practice to care for pregnant and birthing people, and highlighted inequities that threaten to exacerbate...     

Asbestos Exposure Causes Mesothelioma,But Not This Asbestos Exposure: An Amicus Brief to the Michigan Supreme Court

Abstract

Manufacturers of asbestos brakes, supported by many manufacturing and insurance industry amicus curie, requested the Michigan Supreme Court to dismiss testimony of an expert regarding the ability of asbestos dust from brakes to cause mesothelioma as “Junk science.” Scientists are concerned with the sweeping and unequivocal claims that any conclusion that asbestos from brakes caused a signature asbestos-related disease in a particular person must be “Junk science.” The manufacturers' sweeping pronouncements are what veer from accepted, reliable mainstream scientific methods and conclusions. This article outlines the evidence supporting the conclusion that asbestos from brakes can and does cause mesothelioma, and describes the defendants' attempts to fabricate doubt about this conclusion.