CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对周围型肺部病变的诊断价值

目的探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对周围型肺部病变的诊断价值及其安全性。方法对58例周围型肺部病变的患者,在CT引导下行经皮肺穿刺活检。结果 58例患者中穿刺标本经组织病理学检查确诊病例48例,确诊率为82.8%,其中恶性肿瘤32例,良性病变16例。术后出现有症状并发症7例,其中咯血2例,气胸4例,高热伴脓胸1例,总发生率为12.1%。结论 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检定位准确,成功率高,安全可靠,在周围型肺部病变诊断中具有较高的应用价值。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺部病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的效果及临床价值.方法 回顾性分析60例行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术患者的临床与影像资料.结果 60例患者中,57例经病理明确诊断,其中原发性肺癌47例(腺癌21例,鳞癌18例,小细胞癌3例,肺泡癌5例),转移性肺癌7例,结核3例.3例病理报告为慢性炎症,未做出明确诊断, 术后病理证实干酪性肺炎2例,真菌感染1例.60例患者穿刺成功率100.0%,诊断准确率95.0%,并发症发生率21.7%(气胸7例,占11.7%,出血5例,占8.3%,针道出血1例,占1.7%).结论 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术是一种安全、准确、有较高临床应用价值的诊断和鉴别肺内病变的方法.     

CT导引下3 cm以下肺结节切割针活检的价值

目的评价多排螺旋CT引导下经皮肺切割针活检直径≤3 cm肺结节的价值.方法 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检肺部病灶直径≤3 cm结节81例,用意大利或美国20 G活检针对病灶至少穿刺取材2次.结果肺结节穿刺准确率达100%,病理证实恶性病灶56例,良性病灶24例;其中结节太小取材少不能定性1例,诊断准确率为98.76%.并发症中发生气胸12例(14.81%)、咯血15例(18.52%),穿刺针通过肺大泡而没有引起气胸1例,无严重并发症发生.结论 CT引导经皮穿刺直径≤3 cm肺部结节活检的准确性高且发生并发症较低,可作为肺内3 cm以下孤立性结节灶在临床治疗前病理诊断的首选方法.     

孤立性肺结节的CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检

目的　探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术对孤立性肺结节的诊断价值。方法　回顾性分析于 1993 -0 3～ 2 0 0 1-0 3期间行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检并经手术病理、临床治疗或随访观察证实的资料完整的 61例孤立性肺结节病灶。采用美国Cook公司的抽吸式活检针和套管式自动活检枪 ,选择最佳穿刺层面及穿刺点获取标本。结果　 61例孤立性肺结节病灶中经手术病理、临床治疗或随访观察证实为恶性肿瘤者 47例 (原发性支气管肺癌 43例 ,转移癌 4例 ) ,良性病变者 14例。而CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检诊断为恶性肿瘤者 43例 ,良性病变者 9例。并发症 :气胸 12例 (19.8% ) ,出血 5例 (8.2 % ) ,咯血 4例 (6.6% )。结论　孤立性肺结节的CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检是一种创伤小而实用的定性诊断方法 ,具有较高的临床应用价值     

肺内结节性病变CT引导下穿刺活检与CT诊断及病理相关性分析

目的：通过对肺内结节性病变的影像表现的总结，分析其在CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检结果及手术病理结果，提高对肺内结节性病变诊断的准确性。方法：收集肺内结节性病变共66例。应用CT机薄层扫描定位，经皮肺穿刺行病理学检查，其中14例进一步手术治疗，对其穿刺结果及手术结果进行回顾性分析。结果：影像诊断：恶性51例，良性14例；穿刺病理诊断：恶性45例，良性18例，不定性：3倒。手术14例，恶性10例，良性4例；其中6例穿刺与手术结果一致，8例穿刺提示见核异质细胞或炎性细胞，手术进一步证实其为恶性或炎变。影像诊断与穿刺结果的符合率恶性为88％，良性82％，CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的敏感度90％，特异度100％。结论：CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检是一种安全有效的诊断方法，可以为影像诊断及手术治疗提供重要的信息。     

肺周边肿瘤的声像图特征及超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检的应用

目的探讨肺周边型肿瘤的声像图特征和超声引导下经皮穿刺活检的应用价值。方法回顾性分析了80例胸壁及肺周边型肿瘤的声像图特征。所有病例均经超声引导下穿刺活检进行病理分析。结果肺周边型肿块的声像图是以近胸壁处类圆形的弱至强回声及部分肿块内的气体强回声或小管样结构为特征。80例患者均一次取材成功,成功率100％,确诊率达98．6％,并发症发生率为2．5％。穿刺活检证实,本组80例中鳞状细胞癌35例,腺癌28例,未分化癌4例,结核8例以及炎性包块5例。结论随着彩色多普勒超声技术的发展,超声引导下胸壁及肺肿瘤的穿刺活检已得到临床广泛应用,成为胸壁及肺肿瘤的定性诊断的重要方法之一。     

螺旋CT引导下自动切割针系统在肺活检中的应用价值

目的 研究螺旋CT引导下，采用自动可分离切割针系统经皮穿刺活检的诊断价值。方法 螺旋CT引导，使用自动弹射活检枪、16G～21G可调式同轴切割针，对287例肺内结节性病灶行经皮穿刺肺活检。结果 262例获定性诊断，其中恶性病变195例，良性病变67例，定性诊断率为91.3％，气胸、咯血等轻微并发症为21.3％。结论 螺旋CT引导下自动可分离切割针系统是一种安全、准确、有效的肺球形病灶检查方法，值得临床推广。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检861例回顾性分析

目的：探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对于肺部疾病诊断的应用价值及操作安全性。 方法：回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年7月在淄矿集团有限责任公司中心医院及中国人民解放军总医院行CT引导下经皮穿刺活检的患者861例,分析其穿刺结果及并发症发生情况。 结果：861例患者均成功完成穿刺操作,结节性病变296例,团块状病变405例,肺实变病变77例,磨玻璃样病变83例。病理学诊断恶性病变736例,明确诊断率90.7%,提示性诊断率6.3%,非特异性诊断率3%。良性病变125例,明确诊断率49.6%,提示性诊断率21.6%,非特异性诊断率28.8%。并发症出现气胸77例（8.9%）,结节样病变发生率最高（15.2%）;肺出血103例（11.9%）,磨玻璃样病变发生率最高（20.4%）;胸膜反应17例（1.9%）;穿刺后心腔内出现气体2例（0.2%）。 结论：在CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术,安全实用,并发症少,有助于尽早明确诊断,对恶性病变的确诊率高于良性病变。     

经皮肺活检对肺部病变的临床诊断意义

目的 评价经皮肺活检术对原发性肺癌、肺转移性癌以及非恶性肺疾病的诊断价值.方法 回顾性总结近10年来436例经皮肺活检患者的临床资料,其中明确为原发性肺癌患者341例、肺转移性癌62例、非恶性肺疾病33例.统汁分析经皮肺活检术对上述疾病的诊断准确率及灵敏度.结'果原发性肺癌组经皮肺活检阳性321例,诊断准确率为94.7%、灵敏度94.1%;肺转移性癌组阳性32例,诊断准确率58.2%、灵敏度51.6%;非恶性肺疾病组阳性19例,诊断准确率以及灵敏度均为57.6%.436例患者中427例经皮肺活检获得足够病变组织标本,9例活检失败,活检成功率97.9%.全部患者共穿刺474例次,其中74例次出现并发症,发生率15.6%.主要并发症有气胸(63例次,13.3%)和肺内出血(56例次,11.8%).结论 临床上怀疑原发性肺癌的肺部病变,经皮肺活检术诊断准确率高,并发症少且轻微.对于考虑为肺转移性癌以及非恶性肺疾病,该技术尚有待进一步改进.     

CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检术对肺门肿块的诊断价值

目的 研究CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检术对肺门肿块的诊断价值.方法 76例纤维支气管镜检查失败或没有明确病理结果的肺门肿块患者行CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检术.结果活检阳性率为100％.结果 获鳞癌32例,小细胞癌13例,腺癌27例,大细胞癌3例,淋巴瘤1例.其中58例行EGFR突变位点检测,突变率为46.6％(27/58).结论 CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检术对肺门肿块诊断阳性率高,可提供可靠的病理诊断指导临床治疗.     

US-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and accuracy of ultrasonography (US)-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy for diagnosing peripheral thoracic lesions (<3 cm). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients with peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter underwent US-guided percutaneous transthoracic cutting biopsy with a modified technique. Fifty lesions (43 parenchymal lung, two pleural, two chest wall, and three anterior mediastinal lesions) were sampled for biopsy. The final diagnosis was based on histopathologic analysis of surgical specimens (n = 18) or clinical follow-up (n = 32). RESULTS: The histology recovery rate was 98% (49 lesions), and the correct diagnosis was obtained in 48 lesions (96%). Twenty-four (48%) lesions were malignant, and 26 (52%) were benign. The diagnostic accuracy for malignant lesions was 92% (22 of 24 lesions). A specific benign diagnosis was made in 17 (65%) of the 26 benign lesions, and the negative predictive value for malignancy was 93% (26 of 28 lesions). Only two patients (4%) developed postbiopsy pneumothorax, and three (6%) developed postbiopsy hemoptysis. Biopsy helped prevent surgery or thoracoscopy in 32 patients (64%): 18 patients with benign disease and 14 with multiple metastases or inoperable cancer. CONCLUSION: US-guided transthoracic cutting biopsy appears to be a safe and effective method for diagnosing peripheral thoracic lesions less than 3 cm in diameter. The high diagnostic accuracy for benign lesions and metastatic lung cancer can help prevent surgery in many cases.     

CT引导胸穿肺活检对纤支镜阴性的肺部肿块诊断价值

目的：评价CT引导下经胸穿肺活检对纤维支气管镜检查阴性的肺部肿块患的诊断价值。方法：搜集290例肺部肿块患接受CT引导下经胸穿肺活检，其中43例患曾接受过纤维支气管镜检查，又检查结果为阴性，回顾性分析了该43例患的病理结果、肿块大小和穿刺并发症情况。结果：发现恶性26例(腺癌11例、鳞癌8例、支气管肺泡癌3例、未分化癌和腺鳞癌各2例)；良性4例(结核2例、结节病1例、炎性假瘤1例)；仍有13例未能明确结果，该13例中有6例因诊断或治疗的原因行手术治疗，发现5例为恶性(鳞癌2例、未分化癌1例、小细胞癌1例、腺癌1例)，1例为良性病变(结核)。结论：CT引导下经胸穿肺活检对纤维支气管镜检查阴性的肺部肿块患有很高的临床价值，它的明确诊断率与部位关系不大，而与肿块的大小正相关。     

经皮肺穿诊断肺癌的价值

目的　探索模拟机及CT导引经皮肺穿对肺部病灶定性诊断的价值。方法　 32 0例肺部病灶病人 ,模拟定位机导引经皮肺穿 2 90例 ,病灶 1cm× 2cm～ 10cm× 12cm ,周围型 2 6 5例 ;中央型 2 0例 ,两肺弥漫型 5例 ;CT定位经皮肺穿30例 ,病灶 1cm× 1cm～ 3cm× 4cm ;周围型 11例 ;中央型 19例。结果　 30 0例患者确诊为肺癌 ;15例为良性病变。模拟机及CT定位 :癌症确诊率分别为 93.8% (2 72 / 2 90 )和 93.3% (2 8/ 30 ) ;发现早期肺癌分别为 2例和 3例 ;肺部病灶的定性确诊率分别为 98.3% (2 85 / 2 90 )和 10 0 % (30 / 30 ) ;气胸发生率分别为 6 .6 % (19/ 2 90 )和 3.3% (1/ 30 ) ;穿刺后出血发生率分别为 16 6 % (4 8/ 2 90 )和 10 .0 % (3/ 30 )。结论　模拟机及CT导引经皮肺穿安全 ,准确、诊断迅速 ,对肺部病灶的定性诊断有重要意义 ,还可发现早期肺癌。     

CT-guided needle biopsy of the lung: factors affecting risk of complications

PURPOSE: To analyze factors influencing the risk of complications associated with CT-guided percutaneous needle biopsy for lung lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients, aged 24-85 years (37 men and 23 women), underwent CT-guided needle biopsy. A definite diagnosis was made in 49 of 60 cases (81.7%), including 38 of 43 malignant lesions (88.4%) and 11 of 17 benign lesions (64.7%). Complications associated with biopsy were observed in 35 patients (58.3%). Major complications included pneumothorax (n = 26) and pulmonary hemorrhage (n = 20). Chest tube placement was needed in 5 (19.2%) of 26 pneumothorax cases (8.3% of all biopsies). RESULTS: The high frequency of pneumothorax (43.3%) in this series had several contributing factors, including the presence of pulmonary emphysema, lesion size, and traversal of aerated lung. Chest tube replacement was necessary more frequently in patients with pulmonary emphysema. The number of pleural passes, location of lesions, and size of needles were not correlated with the incidence of pneumothorax. CONCLUSION: The presence of pulmonary emphysema, lesion size, and traversal of aerated lung are the predominant risk factors for pneumothorax in patients with CT-guided lung biopsy.     

Detection and diagnosis of nonpalpable supraclavicular lymph nodes in lung cancer at CT and US.

PURPOSE: To assess frequency and significance of enlarged nonpalpable supraclavicular lymph nodes by using chest computed tomography (CT) and supraclavicular ultrasonography (US) in patients at initial diagnosis of lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-five patients with no prior malignancy who presented with suspected and subsequently proven lung cancer of any stage or a proven but potentially resectable lung cancer were prospectively selected after chest CT. Chest CT and other radiologic findings were reviewed and tabulated. Standardized US technique was used to identify and guide needle biopsy of enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes (> or =0.5 cm short axis). RESULTS: Twenty-two (40%) of 55 patients had supraclavicular abnormalities detected at CT and/or US. In 18 (82%) of the 22 patients, supraclavicular abnormalities were recognizable at CT. Seventeen of 22 patients had malignant nodes, and five patients had benign nodes (n = 3), a cyst (n = 1), or an indeterminate lesion (n = 1) at US-guided supraclavicular needle sampling. There were no complications. Supraclavicular metastases (31% of patients) were about as common as the combined number of patients with indeterminate (n = 13) and probably or proven malignant (n = 6) adrenal nodules (35% of patients). Supraclavicular metastases were often associated with mediastinal adenopathy or suspected extrapulmonary nonnodal metastases (P <.05). CONCLUSION: In many patients with lung cancer, chest CT that includes the neck base followed by US-guided sampling of enlarged supraclavicular lymph nodes is a simple and safe method for simultaneously establishing a tissue diagnosis and tumor nonresectability.     

US-guided percutaneous biopsy of small (< or = 1-cm) hepatic lesions

PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of ultrasonography (US)-guided percutaneous biopsy in diagnosing malignant neoplasms for hepatic lesions 1 cm or smaller. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, 64 consecutive patients with 74 discrete focal hepatic lesions depicted at US were referred for liver biopsy to confirm the exact nature of the lesions. Mean lesion size was 0.84 cm +/- 0.13 (range, 0.5-1.0 cm). Biopsy was performed with an 18-gauge automated biopsy gun in 46 lesions (once [n = 37], twice [n = 7], three times [n = 2]) or a 22-gauge needle in 28 lesions (once [n = 23], twice [n = 4], three times [n = 1]). Measures were taken to ensure accurate and effective lesion sampling. The histologic diagnosis of malignant tumor and findings on follow-up US images of "benign" nodules for 15-39 months were the criterion standard. RESULTS: No complications occurred. All specimens obtained were sufficient for diagnosis. Histologic examination revealed various types of primary and secondary malignant tumors (n = 44), hemangioma (n = 5), cirrhosis (n = 13), focal fatty change (n = 8), focal fatty sparing (n = 2), and abscess (n = 2). The diagnostic discrimination of US-guided biopsy in diagnosing malignant tumors in these small lesions was sensitivity, 98%; specificity, 100%; positive predictive value, 100%; negative predictive value, 97%; and accuracy, 99%. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous biopsy under US control is highly accurate in providing a definitive histologic diagnosis of malignant neoplasms for small hepatic lesions if measures for ensuring precise and effective lesion sampling are taken.     

Thallium-201 SPECT with triple-headed gamma camera for differential diagnosis of small pulmonary nodular lesion 20 mm in diameter or smaller

AIM: Although thallium-201 (201Tl) has been used for the diagnosis of lung cancer, its detectability of small pulmonary nodules is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of 201Tl SPECT for the differential diagnosis for the pulmonary nodules 20 mm in diameter or smaller. METHODS: 201Tl SPECT was performed in 31 patients suspected of having primary lung cancer. The final diagnosis was established by histology, and tumor size was 10 to 20 mm in diameter. Twenty of 31 patients had malignant tumors, including squamous cell lung cancer (n = 5), adenocarcinoma (n = 14) and small cell lung cancer (n = 1), but in none of them was there mediastinal lymphnode involvement. RESULTS: Ten of 20 malignant tumors and 1 of 11 benign lesions demonstrated significant 201Tl uptake, so that the positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of lung cancer were 90.9% (10/11), 50.0% (10/20), 50.0% (10/20) and 90.9% (10/11), respectively. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that sensitivity for detecting lung cancer 20 mm or less in diameter may be insufficient, but even in patients with small pulmonary nodules, a positive 201Tl result is highly predictive of lung cancer.     

Bronchography in patients with suspected lung malignancy

Bronchography and flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FFB) were performed on 95 patients with suspected lung malignancy. Finally, 66 of 95 lesions turned out to be malignant and 29 benign. Bronchographic diagnosis was correct in 46 of 66 cases of cancer (70%) but gave a false negative result in 20 malignant lesions and a false positive result in four benign lesions of which three had pulmonary tuberculosis and one hamartoma of the lung. It is concluded that bronchography is rarely indicated in central malignant lesions. In peripheral lesions bronchographic findings for malignancy are unreliable or negative.