Multiple coatings can improve the bond durability of one-step self-etching adhesive to primary dentin

Objective To investigate whether multiple coatings can improve the bond durability of one-step self-etching adhesive to primary dentin.Methods Twelve caries-free human primary molars were randomly divided into 2 groups.In group 1,each tooth was hemisected into 2 halves.One half was assigned to the control subgroup 1,which was bonded with a commercially available one-step self-etching adhesive according to the manufacturer’s instructions;the other half was assigned to experimental subgroup 1,in which the adhesive was applied three times before light curing.In group 2,one split half tooth was bonded with a commercially available one-step self-etching adhesive according to the manufacturer’s instructions;for the other half,three layers of adhesive were applied with each successive layer of light curing.Specimens were stored in 0.9% NaCl containing 0.02% sodium azide at 37℃ for 18 months and then were subjected to microtensile bond strength test and the fracture mode analysis.Results When the adhesive was applied three times before light curing,the bond strength of the experimental subgroup 1 was significantly higher than that of the control subgroup 1(47.46±13.91 vs.38.12±11.21 MPa,P<0.05).When using the technique of applying multiple layers of adhesive with each successive layer of light curing,no difference was observed in bond strength between the control subgroup and the experimental subgroup(39.40±8.87 vs.40.87±9.33 MPa,P>0.05).Conclusion Multiple coatings can improve the bond durability of one-step self-etching adhesive to primary dentin when using the technique of light-curing after applying 3 layers of adhesive.     

牙釉质表面不同状态对自酸蚀体系剪切强度的影响

目的:研究牙釉质表面不同状态对自酸蚀体系剪切强度的影响. 方法:选择新鲜拔除无龋坏,无缺损的牛切牙32个,流水冲洗下.低速金刚砂片平行于牙长轴切取厚约2.0 mm,约3.5～4.0 mm2的牙釉质片,金钢砂车针表面磨切呈平面,依次以200目、400目、600目砂纸打磨牙釉质,形成标准粘结面,超声波清洁, 将标准粘结面常规处理.加压充填树脂,分层固化.同时以全酸蚀粘结系统作对照组. 所得的试件分为4组:即刻测试组(自酸蚀和全酸蚀)和24 h后测试组(自酸蚀和全酸蚀),每组8个试件.即刻测试:将粘结处理完成后的试件直接放置在万能试验机上测试其剪切强度,剪切头速度为0.5 mm/min. 24 h后将粘结处理完成后的试件放置在人工唾液中24 h,在万能试验机上测试其剪切强度,剪切头速度为0.5 mm/min.结果:经One-Way ANOVA统计分析,可知三种不同状态在自酸蚀粘结系统下即可和24 h测试组比较组内及组间均存在显著差异(P<0.01),与对照组比较,自酸蚀即刻测试组存在显著差异(P<0.01),自酸蚀24 h测试组的剪切强度值存在显著差异(P<0.01). 结论:牙釉质表面在半干燥条件下的即刻和24 h测试组的剪切强度值最大.     

自酸蚀粘接系统在四环素牙本质中的粘接效果研究

目的 探讨自酸蚀粘接系统对四环素牙本质的粘接价值。方法 选取2004 年6 月-2016 年4 月 该院口腔科收治的自酸蚀四环素牙本质56 颗和全酸蚀四环素牙本质56 颗,按照1 ∶ 1 的比例选取自酸蚀健 康牙本质56 颗和全酸蚀健康牙本质56 颗。比较4 组的粘接强度和断裂模式。结果 冷热循环前后,自酸蚀 四环素牙本质组、自酸蚀健康牙本质组、全酸蚀健康牙本质组的微拉伸粘接强度高于全酸蚀四环素牙本质 组（P <0.05）。冷热循环前后,自酸蚀健康牙本质组的剪切粘接强度高于其他3 组,自酸蚀四环素牙本质组 的剪切粘接强度高于全酸蚀四环素牙本质组和全酸蚀健康牙本质组（P <0.05）。冷热循环后,4 组的微拉伸 粘接强度和剪切粘接强度均有所降低。4 组的微拉伸断裂模式主要为混合断裂,比例分别为85.71%、87.50%、 85.71% 和75.00%。结论 自酸蚀粘接系统的粘接效果较好,其对四环素牙本质的粘接强度高于全酸蚀粘接剂, 经冷热循环处理后粘接强度有下降趋势。     

Effects of residual water on microtensile bond strength of one-bottle dentin adhesive systems with different solvent bases

Background The wet-bonding technique is recommended for the one-bottle dentin adhesive systems, but the moisture concept varies widely among the instructions of manufacturers as well as among investigators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different dentin surface moisture on the microtensile bond strength （s） of an ethanol/water-based adhesive system and an acetone-based system to dentin. Methods Forty intact human premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were used. Superficial occlusal flat dentin surfaces of these premolars were exposed, finished with wet 600-grit silicon carbide paper. Under four wet and dry conditions （overwet, blot dry, one-second dry and desiccated）, resin composite was bonded to dentin by using Single Bond （SB） or Prime ＆ Bond NT （PB） according to the manufacturers＇ instructions. The teeth were longitudinally sectioned in the “x” and “y” directions to obtain bonded beams with a cross-sectional area of 0. 81 mm^2 with a slow-speed diamond saw. The bonded specimens were tested in tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min until failure of the bonds. Failure modes were observed with a scanning electron microscope. The mean bond strengths were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Turkey＇s test. Results The bond strength of the overwet/SB, blot dry/SB, one-second dry/SB and desiccated/SB groups was 10.87 MPa, 22.47 MPa, 24.91 MPa and 12. 99 MPa, respectively. The bond strength of the overwet/PB, blot dry/PB, one-second dry/PB and desiccated/PB groups was 10.02 MPa, 20. 67 MPa, 21.82 MPa and 10. 09 MPa, respectively. For both SB and PB, the blot dry group and one-second dry group revealed significantly higher bond strengths than the overwet and desiccated groups （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions In order to achieve the highest bond strength to dentin, keeping appropriately moist condition is critical for the one-bottle dentin adhesive systems with solvent. the dentin surface in an ethanol/water or acetone     

Gluma脱敏剂对黏接剂与牙本质间粘接力的作用

目的：探讨Gluma脱敏剂对不同黏接剂与牙本质间粘接力的作用。方法：将64个离体牙[牙合]面釉质去除后,分为Gluma脱敏剂处理组和空白对照组,用四种不同的黏接剂将表面积相同的铸件黏接到牙本质表面,进行黏接拉伸强度的测试。结果：t-检验显示Gluma的应用对GIC、RC、PCC和牙本质间的黏接力无影响,降低了ZPC和牙本质间的黏接力且有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论：Gluma脱敏剂的应用影响了ZPC与牙本质间的黏接力。     

铸瓷固位钉对牙本质-树脂界面粘结强度的影响

目的:探讨自行研制的铸瓷固位钉对牙本质-复合树脂界面粘结强度的影响,为铸瓷固位钉进一步的临床应用提供实验依据?方法:将40颗离体牙随机分为4组:A组,铸瓷固位钉组;B组,金属自攻螺纹钉组;C组,复合树脂钉组;D组,树脂直接充填组?采用IPS e. max Press热压铸瓷系统制作铸瓷牙本质固位钉,制备标准化牙本质-固位钉-复合树脂块试件,微拉伸实验测试各组试件粘结强度,体视显微镜下观察试件断裂面形态?结果:A?B两组试件粘结强度显著高于C?D两组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);A组与B组?C组与D组组间粘结强度差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)?A?C?D三组试件断裂模式以牙本质-树脂界面断裂为主,B组以牙本质内聚断裂为主?结论:作为一种新型牙本质固位钉,IPS e.max Press铸瓷固位钉可显著提升牙本质-复合树脂界面的粘结强度?     

复合体联合不同粘接剂与乳牙牙本质间剪切强度的研究

目的比较复合体与全酸、自酸蚀粘结剂合用和乳牙牙本质间的剪切强度,为临床选择复合体修复乳牙的粘结系统提供理论依据。方法滞留乳磨牙40颗制成40个牙本质试件,随机分成2组,一组为全酸蚀粘结剂组,另一组为自酸蚀粘结剂组,两组均按操作要求进行复合体粘结修复,然后测定两组剪切强度。结果全酸蚀粘结剂组与自酸蚀粘结剂组的牙本质剪切粘结强度无明显统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论全酸蚀与自酸蚀粘接剂均可做为复合体与乳牙牙本质间的粘接剂。     

Push-out Bond Strength of Self-adhesive Methacrylate Resin-based Sealers to Root Dentin简

This study examined the adhesive strength of two self-adhesive methacrylate resin-based sealers（MetaSEAL and RealSeal SE） to root dentin and compared them with RealSeal and AH Plus in properties. A total of 48 extracted human single-rooted teeth were used to prepare the 0.9-mm thick longitudinal tooth slice（each per tooth）. Standardized simulated canal spaces of uniform dimensions were prepared in the middle of radicular dentin. After treated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite（NaOCl） and 17% EDTA, tooth slices were allocated randomly to four groups（n=12） in terms of different sealers used： MetaSEAL, RealSeal SE, RealSeal, and AH plus groups. The simulated canal spaces were obturated with different sealers in each group. There were 10 slabs with 20 simulated canal spaces（n=20） used in each group for push-out testing. The failure modes and the ultrastructures of fractured sealer-dentin interfaces were examined. The remaining 2 slabs in each group underwent partial demineralization for observation of the ultrastructure of resin tags. The results showed that the push-out bond strength was 12.01±4.66 MPa in MetaSEAL group, significantly higher than that in the other three groups（P0.05）. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were noted in the push-out bond strength between RealSeal SE（5.43±3.68 MPa） and AH Plus（7.34±2.83 MPa） groups and between RealSeal SE and RealSeal（2.93±1.76 MPa） groups（P0.05）. Mixed failures were predominant in the fractured sealer-dentin interfaces in MetaSEAL and AH Plus groups, while adhesive failures were frequently seen in RealSeal SE and RealSeal groups. In conclusion, after complete removal of the smear layer, MetaSEAL showed superior bond ability to root dentin. The RealSeal SE is applicable in clinical practice, with its adhesive strength similar to that of AH Plus. The self-adhesive methacrylate resin-based sealer holds promise for use in endodontic treatment.     

极固宁TM对4种粘接剂与牙本质间粘接力的影响

目的:探讨极固宁TM对不同粘接剂与牙本质间粘接力的影响.方法:将64个离体牙牙合面釉质去除后,分为极固宁TM处理组和空白对照组,用4种不同的粘接剂(RC、PCC、GIC、ZPC)将表面积相同的铸件粘接到牙本质表面,进行粘接拉伸强度测试.结果与结论:极固宁TM的应用降低了RC、PCC与牙本质间的粘接力(P＜0.05),对GIC,ZPC与牙本质间的粘接力无影响(P＞0.05).     

一种新型通用型牙本质粘结剂对牙本质粘结强度的体外评价

目的:评价一种新型通用型牙本质粘结剂(All Bond Universal,ABU)对牙本质的粘结强度,为临床选择合适的粘结剂提供参考依据。方法:选取人体12颗无龋坏磨牙,磨除牙釉质暴露牙本质面,分别用酸蚀-冲洗法和一步自酸蚀法使用All Bond Universal粘结剂,在其上堆砌树脂,并与酸蚀-冲洗粘结剂Prime&Bond NT(PBN)和一步法自酸蚀粘结剂G Bond(GB)进行对照。试样于37℃去离子水储存24 h后,每颗牙齿垂直于粘结面制备出0.81 mm2的树脂/牙本质试件,进行牙本质粘结微拉伸强度(μTBS)测试。结果:通用型牙本质粘结剂All Bond Universal在两种粘结方法下,其粘结力均高于对照组;就All Bond Universal本身而言,酸蚀-冲洗技术可以提高其粘结强度。结论:这种新型牙本质粘结剂具有较高的粘结强度,并且酸蚀-冲洗技术能提高其粘结力。     

次氯酸钠预处理对牙本质粘结强度的影响

目的探讨次氯酸钠（NaOCl）溶液预处理对不同粘结剂与牙本质粘结强度的影响。方法选取新鲜拔除的完整、无龋人第三磨牙20颗,制备牙本质粘结面,按随机数字表法分成4组,每组5颗,给予不同处理。G1组：单独使用Prime&BondNT;G2组：10%NaOCl预处理后使用Prime&BondNT;G3组：单独使用AdperPrompt;G4组：10%NaOCl预处理后使用AdperPrompt。分别在其上堆砌树脂,蒸馏水中37℃恒温保存24h后,每颗牙齿垂直于粘结面制备出0.81mm2的试件,进行牙本质微拉伸强度的检测和断裂类型的观察。结果各组微拉伸粘结强度比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。G2组较G1组微拉伸粘结强度增强,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;G4组较G3组微拉伸粘结强度降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。4组断裂类型比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,G1组、G2组、G3组断裂类型以混合破坏为主,而G4组以界面破环为主。结论NaOCl预处理可提高Prime&BondNT与牙本质的粘结强度,但对其长期性能的评价及临床应用尚需进一步深入研究。     

全瓷粘接剂对牙本质的粘接抗剪强度考察

目的考察全瓷粘接剂对不同处理剂作用后的牙本质的粘接抗剪强度.方法将收集的离体恒磨牙打磨至暴露浅层牙本质,分别以10-3溶液、0.5MEDTA、20%磷酸溶液处理后,用全瓷粘接剂将其与复合树脂片粘接.所有试件均置于37℃蒸馏水中,24h后测试粘接抗剪强度,并进行统计分析.结果 10-3组的抗剪强度为(20.61± 3.56)MPa,EDTA组最低为(11.54± 2.81)MPa,磷酸组最高为(26.84±3.37)MPa.统计分析显示各组间均存在统计学差异(P<0.05).结论本研究结果显示全瓷粘接剂与20%磷酸处理后的牙本质可获得较好的粘接效果.     

三种玻璃纤维桩与牙本质之间粘结强度的比较

[目的]比较三种玻璃纤维桩与牙本质间粘结强度的差别.[方法]将12颗离体单根管前磨牙垂直于牙长轴于釉牙骨质界去除牙冠,完成常规根管治疗和根管预备,经过氧化氢溶液浸泡的玻璃纤维桩表面涂布硅烷偶联剂处理后,用帕娜碧亚F树脂粘结剂将玻璃纤维桩粘结于根管内.根据所用玻璃纤维桩的不同将离体牙随机均分为三组:Fiber Post组...     

4种粘结材料在氧化锆陶瓷与牙本质间的粘结剪切强度比较

目的探讨氧化锆陶瓷与牙本质间合适的粘结材料。方法将烧结后的氧化锆陶瓷片分为4组,每组6片,分别选用PanaviaTMF、Multilink Sprint、RelyXTMLuting、Fuji plus 4种粘结材料将经过纳米硅涂层表面改性的氧化锆陶瓷片与牙本质进行粘结,水浴24 h后测试其粘结剪切强度,数据用SAS6.12软件进行统计学分析。结果PanaviaTMF的粘结抗剪强度最高,与RelyXTMLuting和Fuji plus差别有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）,与MultilinkSprint的差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论含磷酸单体MDP的树脂粘结剂,配合适当的表面处理方式可以使氧化锆陶瓷获得较好的粘结效果。     

不同桩表面处理对玻璃纤维桩与牙本质粘结强度的影响

[目的]评价不同的桩表面处理对玻璃纤维桩表面形貌及其与牙本质粘结强度的影响。[方法]选择20颗尺寸近似的离体单根管前牙,常规根管治疗后去除牙冠,完成根桩牙体预备后,粘固MATCHPOST玻璃纤维桩至根管内。根据粘固前桩表面处理方法,将20颗离体牙随机均分至如下4组:氢氟酸组(HF组);二氯甲烷组(CH组);过氧化氢组(HO组);硅烷偶联剂组(S组)。用慢速金刚石切割机将每个牙根垂直于牙长轴切割出3个3 mm厚的片段作为测试样本。于万能材料试验机上对各组(n=15)样本加载直至纤维桩被完全推出。对实验数据进行单因素方差分析和多重比较,观察样本的破坏模式。[结果]4个实验组的粘结强度值(MPa)由高到低如下:HO组(10.00±3.17);CH组(7.98±2.46);HF组(6.15±1.87);S组(5.82±1.76)。除了HF组和S组比较差异无显著性意义外(P>0.05),每两组间比较差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);样本的失败模式主要为混合破坏。[结论]用过氧化氢和二氯甲烷进行桩表面处理可提高玻璃纤维桩与牙本质的粘结强度。     

牙体粘接剂在模拟体液中诱导生成磷灰石晶体

目的用含有磷酸根离子的牙体粘接剂摄取模拟体液(SBF)中的钙磷等离子,诱导羟磷灰石晶体的生成,为牙体组织仿生矿化提供基础性研究依据。方法选择载玻片作为粘接剂的载体,用牙体粘接剂涂抹在上面,光固化之后浸入SBF中37℃恒温水浴箱孵育7d,使用薄膜X线衍射仪确定生成物的元素和性质;傅立叶红外线光谱仪观察生成物的特征峰;扫描电镜观察生成物形貌。结果在SBF条件下孵育,牙体粘接剂基板能诱导生成磷灰石晶体。结论牙体粘接剂可以摄取SBF中的钙磷离子诱导生成磷灰石。     

三种牙本质黏结剂从涂布到光固化挥发时间对其微拉伸强度的影响

比较和评价Gluma One-Bond(OB)、Single Bond(SB)和Clearfil SE Bond(SE)3种黏结剂从涂布到光固化挥发暴露时间对其微拉伸强度的影响,得出时间量化指标,为临床操作提供参考。方法采用微拉伸强度测试法比较3种牙本质黏结剂(OB,SB和SE)分别涂布10,20,30,40和50s后的微拉伸强度,并在扫描电镜下观察断面微观形态。结果 OB、SB和SE 10s组的微拉伸强度值明显低于20s组、30s组、40s组与50s组,差异有统计学意义,20s后微拉伸强度达峰值,之后结果保持稳定,后4组的微拉伸强度均值间无统计学意义。扫描电镜下观察发现,3种黏结剂的20s组、30s组、40s组和50s组牙本质小管口的封闭情况都比10s组好;SE中20s组、30s组、40s组和50s组均比OB和SB中相应秒组的牙本质小管口封闭情况要好。结论 3种黏结剂从涂布到光固化暴露挥发时间从20s后即可获得理想的黏结强度。     

四种黏结剂对牙釉质和牙本质微拉伸黏结强度的比较

目的 用微拉伸黏结强度检测法评价四种黏结剂与正常牙釉质和牙本质的黏结强度。方法 选择40颗正畸治疗拔除的健康前磨牙，随机均分为8组，每组10颗牙齿。分别与4种黏结剂：两种自酸蚀黏结剂（A：AdperPrompt、B：XenoⅢ）和两种全酸蚀黏结剂（C：SingleBond2、D：Prime＆Bond：NT）黏结。实验分组：牙釉质组AE、BE、CE、DE和牙本质组AD、BD、CD、DD。每组各与一种黏结剂分别按厂商说明书要求用于暴露的牙釉质或牙本质的表面上，再用蓝色复合树脂修复要求高度。每个牙齿片切2条横截面积为1．5mm^2的长方体状样本，用电子万能实验机测试其黏结强度，加载速度为1mm／min。统计学分析微拉伸黏结强度测试值。结果 4种黏结剂的微拉伸黏结强度，牙釉质组各组之间黏结强度差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。SNK两两比较结果BE组与DE组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其余各组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；牙本质组各组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 四种黏结剂与正常牙釉质的黏结存在差异，自酸蚀黏结射XenoⅢ黏结强度最高；对牙本质自酸蚀黏结剂和全酸蚀黏结剂黏结强度相接近。     

碳化二亚胺乙醇溶液表面处理对牙本质微拉伸粘接强度的影响

目的：探讨碳化二亚胺盐酸盐［1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide,EDC］乙醇溶液表面处理对牙本质即刻微拉伸粘接强度、断裂模式和粘接界面微观形态的影响。方法：称取不同质量EDC溶解于无水乙醇中,配制不同浓度（2、1、0.3、0.1、0.01 mol/L）的EDC乙醇溶液。将28颗人离体第三磨牙随机平分为7组：5种浓度的EDC处理组、未处理组、乙醇溶剂处理组。在低速精密切割机下去除牙合面牙釉质,暴露中层牙本质,35%（质量分数）磷酸凝胶酸蚀后根据不同分组对脱矿牙本质表面分别进行处理60 s,使用全酸蚀粘接剂（Single Bond 2）粘接处理后,堆塑复合树脂并固化。室温下保存24 h后,制备标准条形试件并测定微拉伸粘接强度,在体视显微镜下对试件的断裂模式进行观察。结果：2 mol/L组［（22.17±13.31） MPa］和1 mol/L组［（45.31±17.80） MPa］的粘接强度显著下降（P＜0.05）,粘接断裂模式发生的比例明显提高,分别为81.2%和41.3%。其余各组粘接强度差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：0.3、0.1和0.01 mol/L的EDC乙醇溶液表面处理对牙本质即刻粘接强度无明显影响,2 mol/L和1 mol/L的EDC乙醇溶液表面处理会显著降低牙本质即刻粘接强度。