Bond strength of composite to dentin using self-etching adhesive systems.

PURPOSE: To determine the shear bond strength to dentin of five newer-generation self-etching adhesive systems. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Flat bonding sites were prepared on 100 extracted human molar teeth with 600-grit silicon carbide paper, which exposed the dentin. The systems tested were: Clearfil SE Bond; Optibond Solo Plus Self-Etch; Xeno CF III; Tyrian SPE; and Adper Prompt L-Pop. Following application of each adhesive system, bonded assemblies of Z-100 were prepared using a gelatin capsule matrix (n = 20). Ten specimens in each group were debonded after water storage for 24 hours at 37 degrees C, and 10 were stored for at least 30 days, followed by thermocycling for 850 cycles between water baths at 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C, with a dwell time of 1 minute in each bath. Specimens were loaded to failure in an Instron Model 1123 testing machine with a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. Statistical analysis included a two-way analysis of variance (adhesive and time) and Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS: Mean shear bond strengths (MPa) at 24 hours were: Clearfil, 26.4+/-4.2; Optibond, 23.5+/-4.4; Xeno, 19.5+/-4.2; Tyrian, 16.5+/-3.7; and Adper, 15.3+/-3.3. Mean shear bond strengths (MPa) after storage and thermocycling were: Optibond, 27.5+/-5.7; Clearfil, 25.5+/-4.9; Adper, 21.5+/-3.3; Xeno, 20.4+/-2.2; and Tyrian, 19.2+/-6.4. Both adhesive system and storage time were significant factors affecting shear bond strength (P < .05). CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the in vitro dentin shear bond strength among the self-etching adhesive materials tested. Water storage and thermocycling did not significantly degrade the shear bond strength of the materials in this study.     

Bond strength of self-etching primer and total-etch adhesive systems to primary dentin

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to assess in vitro the tensile bond strength of a self-etching and 2 total-etch, single-bottle adhesive systems to primary dentin. METHODS: Thirty-six sound primary canine buccal surfaces were randomly assigned to 3 groups (N = 12), corresponding to the tested adhesive systems: (1) group I = Excite (EX); (2) group II = Single Bond (SB); and (3) group III = Prompt L-Pop (PLP). After 24-hour storage in distilled water, tensile bond strength was tested for failure at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. RESULTS: Means (MPa) and standard deviation (+/-) were: (1) EX = 12.72 (+/- .89); (2) SB = 10.86 (+/- 2.09); (3) PLP = 8.66 (+/- 2.23). Single Bond and Excite showed statistically similar results (P >.05) and provided the highest means. Prompt L-Pop was statistically different from the other groups (P < .05) and reached the lower bond strength to primary dentin. CONCLUSIONS: Total-etch agents provided the best overall bonding performance, whereas the all-in-one, self-etching, self-priming adhesive system yielded remarkably lower bond strength to primary teeth dentin.     

Bond strength of composite to astringent-contaminated dentin using self-etching adhesives

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of contamination by ferric sulfate and aluminum chloride astringents on the bond strength of composite bonded to superficial dentin using self-etching adhesives. METHODS: Freshly extracted human teeth were ground to expose superficial dentin and polished to 600 grit. One of three self-etching adhesive systems and restorative composites were bonded to the specimens, with contamination by one of three astringents and five surface conditions (no contamination, moist dentin control; contaminant, air, adhesive; contaminant, water rinse, air, adhesive; contaminant, water rinse, glycolic acid scrub, rinse, adhesive; contaminant, water rinse, chlorhexadine scrub, rinse, adhesive). Composite was bonded to the surfaces in the shape of an inverted, truncated cone (n = 5, 180 specimens total). Specimens were stored in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, then de-bonded in tension with a testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Tensile bond strengths (MPa) were calculated. RESULTS: Means (SD) were compared using analysis of variance. Significant differences (Fisher's PLSD) were found among all variables. SE and ABF had the highest control values, but were affected most by astringent contamination. Ferric sulfate reduced bond strengths the greatest in most cases, and aluminum chloride putty reduced bond strengths the least. Chlorhexadine rinse was most effective in restoring bond strength values.     

Bond strength of a self-etching adhesive system to caries-affected dentin

This in vitro study evaluated the microtensile bond strengths of sound versus caries-affected dentin using a self-etching adhesive system, Clearfil SE Bond, with or without additional acid pre-conditioning. Extracted human mandibular molars with occlusal caries extending halfway through the dentin were used. In the first group, the teeth were bonded with the self-etching adhesive Clearfil SE Bond according to the manufacturer's instructions. In the second group, prepared dentin surfaces were etched with 37% phosphoric acid prior to applying the same self-etching adhesive. After the bonding procedure, all specimens were built up with composite resin and stored in water for 24 hours. The teeth were serially sectioned vertically into 0.7-mm slabs and trimmed into an hourglass shape for measuring microtensile bond strength. Each specimen was attached to a Bencor device and stressed in tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (p<0.05). The microtensile bond strengths of Clearfil SE Bond to sound dentin (32.9) were significantly higher than to caries-affected dentin (15.9). In the second group where acid etching was performed prior to applying Clearfil SE Bond, there were no statistically significant differences between the microtensile bond strengths of sound (19.2) and caries-affected dentin (16.3). While bond strengths to sound dentin were decreased by using additional acid etching prior to applying Clearfil SE Bond, this procedure revealed no statistically significant differences in bond strengths for the caries-affected dentin.     

Effect of saliva contamination on the microshear bond strength of one-step self-etching adhesive systems to dentin

This study evaluated the effect of saliva contamination and decontamination methods on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etching adhesive systems. Three commercially available "all-in-one" adhesives (One Up Bond F, Xeno III and Adper Prompt) and one resin composite (Filtek Z-250) were used. Third molars stored in distilled water with 0.5% thymol at 4 degrees C were ground with #600 SiC paper under running water to produce a standardized smear layer. The specimens were randomly divided into groups according to contamination methods: no contamination, which was the control (C); contamination of the adhesive surface with fresh saliva before light curing (A) and contamination of the adhesive surface with fresh saliva after light curing (B). Each contamination group was further subdivided into three subgroups according to the decontamination method: A1-Saliva was removed by a gentle air blast and the adhesive was light-cured; A2-Saliva was rinsed for 10 seconds, gently air-dried and the was adhesive light-cured; A3-Saliva was rinsed and dried as in A2, then the adhesive was re-applied to the dentin surface and light-cured; B1-Saliva was removed with a gentle air blast; B2-Saliva was rinsed and dried; B3-Saliva was rinsed, dried and the adhesive was re-applied and light cured. Tygon tubes filled with resin composite were placed on each surface and light cured. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Microshear bond strength was measured using a universal testing machine (EZ test), and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan test to make comparisons among the groups (p<0.05). After debonding, five specimens were selected and examined in a scanning electron microscope to evaluate the modes of fracture. The A2 subgroup resulted in the lowest bond strength. For One Up Bond F and Adper Prompt, there was no significant difference between subgroup A1 and the control, and subgroup A3 and the control (p>0.05). Bond strengths of all B groups were significantly lower compared to the controls (p<0.05). For Xeno III, A1 subgroup showed the greatest decrease in bond strength as compared to the control (p<0.05). On the other hand, it showed more resistance to salivary contamination after adhesive curing. There was no statistically significant difference among the control groups (p>0.05).     

Tensile bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems to primary dentin

PURPOSE: To assess in vitro the bond strength of three self-etching adhesive systems to primary teeth dentin. METHODS: Fifteen crowns of primary molars were sectioned mesiodistally and embedded in acrylic resin (n=30). Dentin was exposed and the specimens were randomly assigned in groups (n=10): (1) Clearfil SE Bond; (2) Prime & Bond NT/NRC; and (3) One Up Bond F. A 3 mm-diameter dentin bonding site was demarcated, the adhesive systems were applied and resin composite cones were bonded. After 24 hours in distilled water, tensile bond strength was tested to failure (0.5 mm/minute). Data were submitted to statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and Scheffé test. RESULTS: Means were (MPa): (1) 16.60 (+/- 4.10); (2) 8.48 (+/- 4.51); and (3) 6.75 (+/- 1.26). CSE Bond yielded significantly higher bond strengths (P < 0.05). Prime & Bond NT/NRC and One Up Bond F means were markedly low and no statistically significant difference was observed between them.     

Microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems to differently prepared dentin

PURPOSE: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) of three self-etching adhesive systems with different degrees of acidity (Clearfil SE Bond, One-Up Bond F, and Xeno III) to dentin prepared with three different methods. METHODS: Forty-five extracted human third molars were ground flat to expose occlusal dentin and polished with 600-grit abrasive paper. All teeth were randomly divided into three groups according to the preparation method: baseline surface (AP#600), steel fissure bur (SB) and regular grit diamond bur (DB). Dentin surfaces were bonded with one of the three adhesive systems; then resin composite was incrementally built up. After storage in 37 degrees C water for 24 hours, specimens were cut and trimmed to create an hourglass shape with cross sectional area of approximate 1 mm2. All specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength testing. The bond strength data were analyzed with one and two-way ANOVA and Dunnett Multiple comparisons test at P< 0.05. RESULTS: For Xeno III and One-Up Bond F, the microTBS to dentin prepared with the different methods were not significantly different. However, the microTBS of Clearfil SE Bond to dentin prepared with the diamond bur was significantly lower than the other preparation methods. Xeno III produced the lowest microTBS that were statistically different from the other adhesive systems when each preparation method was compared (P< 0.01). SEM observation of the prepared dentin surfaces showed that the diamond bur group produced a thicker smear layer that followed by steel bur and 600-grit paper. Therefore, the smear layer from diamond burs had a greater influence in decreasing microTBS of Clearfil SE Bond that has the weakest acidity self-etching adhesive systems evaluated.     

Bonding to enamel and dentin using self-etching adhesive systems.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effectiveness of three different dentin adhesive systems on the adhesion of resin composite to both dentin and enamel. METHOD AND MATERIALS: The flat dentin and enamel surfaces of 60 extracted human molar teeth were exposed by wet grinding with 600-grit silicon carbide paper. One total-etch self-priming adhesive system (Prime & Bond NT), one two-step self-etching primer adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond), and one "all-in-one" self-etching adhesive system (Prompt L-Pop) were evaluated. Each bonding system was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions and followed by composite (TPH Spectrum) application. Twenty-four hours after bonding, the teeth were subjected to shear testing. There were 10 replicates for each group. RESULTS: Prompt L-Pop exhibited significantly higher bond strength values to enamel (27 +/- 4.2 MPa) than all other groups. There were no statistically significant differences for shear bond strength to dentin among adhesives. Prompt L-Pop showed the statistically significantly higher bond strength to enamel than dentin. There were no statistically significant differences between the enamel and dentin bond strengths of Clearfil SE Bond and Prime & Bond NT. CONCLUSIONS: The self-etching adhesive systems produced high bond strengths to human coronal dentin and ground enamel surfaces. These materials seem to be very promising for further clinical applications, and the results are very encouraging for the clinical success of these simplified adhesive systems. The self-etching adhesive systems produced even better bond strengths to both enamel and dentin than conventional total-etch systems, especially the "all-in-one" system, which produced the highest bond strength to enamel.     

Bond strength of HEMA-containing versus HEMA-free self-etch adhesive systems to dentin

This study analyzed the bond strength (BS) of HEMA versus HEMA-free self-etch adhesive systems to dentin. The occlusal surface of 20 third molars was removed and the dentin was abraded with 600-grit silicon carbide paper. The teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 5) and restored with GO, Adper SE Plus, OptiBond All-In-One, and Clearfil 3S Bond adhesive systems and Filtek Z350 composite. After light curing (600 mW/cm2), the teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 oC for 24 h and were sectioned in the mesiodistal and buccolingual directions to obtain sticks (0.8 mm2). The sticks were subjected to tensile force using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min), and the modes of failure were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. The BS data (in MPa) were treated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests at 5% significance. GO presented the lowest mean bond strength value (10.57 ± 3.72) and differed significantly from the other materials (p = 0.001), which, in turn, presented statistically similar results (p>0.05) among themselves: Adper SE Plus (29.08 ± 8.93), OptiBond All-In-One (28.36 ± 6.49), and Clearfil 3S Bond (28.62 ± 6.97). Mixed fractures were the most prevalent. It was concluded that the influence of HEMA on BS to dentin was material dependent.     

4种粘接剂对牙本质粘接强度的体外评价

目的比较4种粘接剂对牙本质的粘接强度,并观察粘接界面,评估其抗力性能。方法采用Prime & BondNT（PBNT）、Tetric N-Bond（TNB）、Clearfil SE Bond（CSEB）、G Bond（GB）4种粘接剂粘接树脂于离体下颌第三磨牙的咬合面和近中面,近中面进行剪切力实验,记录断裂峰值;咬合面部分进行微拉伸粘接强度（TBS）测定,扫描电镜观察粘接界面形态。结果在剪切力实验中,PBNT与TNB的抗剪切粘接强度（SBS）最大,两者间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。PBNT的SBS高于CSEB与GB（P<0.05）;TNB的SBS高于GB（P<0.05）,与CSEB的强度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与剪切力实验结果一致,PBNT和TNB的TBS高于CSEB和GB（P<0.05）。扫描电镜下,PBNT和TNB的树脂突比较细长,粘接层较厚;CSEB树脂突短小,GB树脂突更加稀疏。结论全酸蚀粘接剂的粘接强度较自酸蚀粘接剂高,一步法自酸蚀粘接剂强度最低;粘接剂的界面形态与粘接强度存在一定程度的关联性。     

Comparison of conventional vs self-etching adhesive bonds to caries-affected dentin

The mechanism of resin adhesion to caries-affected dentin is still unclear. This study evaluated the interfacial morphology of two bonding systems to caries-affected dentin, coupled with the measurement of microtensile bond strengths (mu TBS). Carious human molars were prepared as previously described in Nakajima and others (1995) and were bonded with Single Bond (SB) or FluoroBond (FB) according to the manufacturer's instructions, followed by creation of AP-X composite buildups. After one day of storage in 37 degrees C water, the teeth were serially sectioned vertically into 0.8 mm slabs, trimmed to yield a 1 mm2 test area, and tested to failure in a Bencor device used in an Instron machine operated at 1 mm/min. Resin-dentin interfaces were observed with SEM before or after acid/base challenge. Bonding to normal dentin with the two bonding systems (SB and FB) showed tensile bond strengths significantly higher than those to caries-affected dentin. The moist bonding technique significantly increased bond strength of SB to normal and caries-affected dentin. SEM examination revealed that typical hybrid layer and resin tags could not be formed to caries-affected dentin. The results suggested that resin penetration may be prevented by occlusion of dentinal tubules by mineral deposits that may also impart acid-resistance to the intertubular matrix of caries-affected dentin.     

Micro-tensile bond strength of self-etching primer adhesive systems to human coronal carious dentin

The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strengths of three self-etching primer adhesive systems to normal dentin (ND), caries-affected dentin (CAD) and caries-infected dentin (CID). Human extracted molars with caries were used, and flat dentin surfaces ground by 600-grit SiC paper were prepared. The surfaces were dyed using Caries-Detector solution, treated with Clearfil SE Bond, Mac-Bond II and UniFil Bond, and then covered with resin composites according to manufacturer's instructions. After immersion in 37 degrees C water for 24 h, the teeth were serially sectioned into multiple slices. Each slice was distinguished into ND, CAD and CID groups by the degree of staining, and the bond strength was measured in a universal testing machine. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation was also performed. For statistical analysis, anova and Scheffe's test were used (P < 0.05). The bond strengths of the three adhesive systems to CAD and CID were significantly lower than those to ND. There was significant difference in the bond strength to ND between Clearfil SE Bond and UniFil Bond, but no significant differences to CAD and CID among the three adhesive systems. On SEM, the hybrid layers in CAD and CID showed more porous structures compared with ND. The results indicated that the bond strengths to CAD and CID were not affected by a variety of self-etching primer adhesive systems because of the porous hybrid layer formation in carious dentin.     

Bond strength of adhesive luting systems to human dentin and their durability

Statement of problemThe durability of adhesive bonding systems to dentin is of importance for restoration longevity; therefore, new adhesive systems should be tested in vitro with long-term artificial aging before clinical application.PurposeThe purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the bonding durability of 3 dual-polymerizing resins and 1 autopolymerizing resin to human dentin with their specific self-etching primers or adhesives.Material and methodsAcrylic resin tubes filled with composite resin were bonded to human dentin disks using either an autopolymerizing resin system (Panavia 21) or dual-polymerizing resin systems (Panavia V5, RelyX Ultimate, and Variolink Esthetic DC) together with the system-specific primer or adhesive. Tensile bond strength was tested after 3 days of water storage or after 150 days of water storage with 37 500 thermocycles (5 °C to 55 °C). The failure mode was evaluated by using a light microscope. In addition, representative specimens were examined by using a scanning electron microscope.ResultsAfter 3 days, the median tensile bond strengths ranged from 18.8 to 29.1 MPa. After artificial aging for 150 days, the median tensile bond strengths ranged from 14.7 to 25.6 MPa. The dual-polymerizing resins showed significantly higher bond strength than the autopolymerizing resin (P≤.05). Artificial aging with thermocycling had no statistically significant influence on tensile bond strength for the adhesive resin systems tested (P>.05). The failure mode was mainly adhesive for the autopolymerizing resin, whereas it was mainly cohesive for the dual-polymerizing resins.ConclusionsThe 3 tested dual-polymerization resin systems provided durable bond strengths to dentin which were higher than those of the autopolymerizing resin.     

Shear bond strength of adhesive composite systems to human dentin

This study was carried out to evaluate the following adhesive systems under different conditions from the point of view of the bond strength that is obtained on dentin: Scotchbond Multipurpose, 3M: Denthesive II, Kulzer; Optibond, Kerr with techniques # 1 and 5; and A.R.T. Bond. Coltene. Composite resin (Z100, 3M) cylindrical specimens were bonded to flat dentin surfaces and the adhesive strength was determined under shear. No significant differences were found between the group in which products were used with a separate step of dentin demineralization and the group in which this step is not recommended or was omitted. It can be concluded that the use of dentin acid treatment as a separate step is not necessarily required for high composite bond strength even when it could represent a convenient clinical step to prepare enamel surfaces simultaneously.     

Regional bond strength of four self-etching primer/adhesive systems to root canal dentin

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the regional bond strength of a dual-cure resin core material to root canal dentin using four self-etching primer/adhesive systems. Post spaces were prepared in extracted premolars, and their root canal dentin was treated with one of the following self-etching primer/adhesive systems: ED Primer II and Clearfil Photobond, photo-cure/dual-cure systems of Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, or Clearfil SE Bond. Post spaces were filled with the dual-cure resin core material, and microtensile bond strength (microTBS) at the coronal and apical regions was measured after 24-hour storage. There were no regional differences in microTBS of the photo-cure and dual-cure systems of Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, while microTBS at the coronal region of Photobond and SE Bond groups were higher than those at the apical region. At the apical region, photo-cured Clearfil Liner Bond 2V exhibited significantly higher bond strength than those of the other systems.     

一步法自酸蚀粘接剂微拉伸粘接强度的研究

目的评价一步法白酸蚀粘接剂的牙本质微拉伸粘接强度，观察并分析样本断裂类型。方法选择新拔除的人无龋下颌第三磨牙12颗，分别用3种一步法、1种两步法的白酸蚀粘接剂进行牙本质粘接。用微拉伸测力仪测试粘接强度，并用体视显微镜和扫描电镜观察样本断裂类型。结果3种一步法白酸蚀粘接剂的微拉伸强度分别为：材料A（Adper Prompt）（23．36±2．55）MPa；材料B（Clearfil S^3 Bond）（30．46±3．82）MPa；材料C（Xenon Ⅲ）（34．59±3．46）MPa；1种两步法自酸蚀粘接剂材料D（Clearfil SE Bond）的微拉伸粘接强度为（45．06±5．29）MPa。材料D微拉伸粘接强度最高，与其他3组相比，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。样本断裂均发生于粘接界面，未观察到复合树脂或牙本质内聚破坏。结论一步法白酸蚀粘接剂的牙本质粘接强度低于两步法白酸蚀粘接剂，但多数仍可满足临床对树脂粘接强度的要求。     

Effect of fluoride application on tensile bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems to demineralized dentin

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: It has been reported that the bond strength of composite to demineralized dentin is lower than that to sound dentin. This can be a problem in the success of so-called sealed restorations. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fluoride application on the tensile bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems to demineralized dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred twenty extracted bovine incisors were ground flat with 600-grit silicone carbide paper. Ninety teeth were then immersed in acetate buffer (pH 4.0) to form demineralized dentin. These teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 30 each: surfaces treated with fluoride solution (Group NF), surfaces treated with fluoride solution followed by a water rinse (Group RF), and control surfaces with no pretreatment (Group C). The remaining 30 teeth comprised a group with normal dentin surfaces (Group S). Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups of 10 each to test the bond strength test of Clearfil SE Bond, Unifil Bond, and Mac-Bond II. Tensile bond strengths (in MPa) were measured with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Mean bond strengths were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance and Fisher's PLSD (P =.05). SEM observations of the surfaces before and after priming and at resin-dentin interfaces in each group were performed. Elemental analysis of the dentin surfaces before priming was also carried out. RESULTS: The bond strengths of the adhesives to demineralized dentin in Groups NF, RF, and C were significantly lower than that of the normal dentin in Group S (P <.05). The mean bond strengths of the 3 adhesives in Group NF were higher than those in Groups RF and C, but a significant difference was observed only when Clearfil SE Bond was used (P <.05). In SEM images the open dentinal tubules on the surface and the resin tag formation at the resin-dentin interface were apparent in Group NF but were not observed in Groups RF and C. On elemental analysis, considerable amounts of fluoride and calcium were detected in the surfaces of Group NF. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, the surface treatment with fluoride solution supported the resin tag formation at the resin-dentin interface and slightly improved the bond strength of the self-etching adhesive systems tested to demineralized dentin. This result indicated that the fluoride treatment to demineralized dentin might contribute to the success of the sealed restoration.     

Bond strength of 4 sealants using conventional etch and a self-etching primer

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the shear bond strength of 4 fissure sealant systems (Dyract Seal, Concise, Visio-Seal, Helioseal) to enamel using conventional etch and self-etching primer (Prompt-L-Pop). METHODS: Fifty-six newly extracted noncarious first permanent molars were used and embedded in a Teflon mold (3-mm height, 3-mm internal diameter). Mesial surfaces were exposed to a flattened area of enamel and then dried and washed. The teeth were divided into 8 groups, each consisting of 7 specimens stored in 37 degrees C distilled water for 24 hours. Then specimens were tested in a shear mode (Instron) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. The mean and standard deviations were subjected to an analysis of variance. RESULTS: The average bond strengths using Prompt-L-Pop were: (1) Dyract Seal=20.61 MPa; (2) Concise=23.42 MPa; (3) Visio-Seal=2.94 MPa; and (4) Helioseal=11.83 MPa. These values were higher than and statistically different from those of Dyract Seal (10.18 MPa) and Concise (9.17 MPa) when the conventional etch system was used (student t test, P<.001). CONCLUSION: The bond strengths of Prompt-L-Pop, in conjunction with Dyract Seal and Concise fissure sealant materials, exceeded those of conventional etch.