微量元素锌与儿童生长发育关系的研究

目的对于微量元素锌和儿童生长发育之间的关系进行研究。方法在本次研究中,随机选取当地的一所幼儿园,其中有1120例3~6岁的幼儿,对这些儿童进行微量元素锌的检测,元素检测采用的是BH5100T原子吸收光谱仅,然后根据检测结果将这些儿童分为两组,第一组为正常组儿童,第二组为缺锌组儿童。对这些儿童进行常规的体检,了解儿童的生长发育情况,包括体质量和身高等,然后将其和我国最新的儿童体格生长数据进行对比分析,评价儿童的生长发育是否正常,最后将这些儿童的生长发育情况同其锌元素的营养状况进行对比分析,了解锌元素和儿童成长发育之间的关系。结果通过数据对比分析可以得知,缺锌组的儿童生长发育情况要明显低于正常组儿童,且两组儿童之间的数据对比差异具有统计学意义,即P<0.05。结论对于儿童的生长发育,其同微量元素锌之间具有非常紧密的联系,儿童锌元素营养供应不足会导致的儿童生长发育受到影响。     

石家庄市矿区0～7岁健康儿童990例指血微量元素分析

目的了解石家庄市矿区0～7岁健康儿童体内锌、钙、铁、镁、铜5种微量元素含量,探讨其缺乏原因在年龄中的差异及综合防治措施。方法采用BH5100型多通道原子吸收光谱仪,对门诊体检及幼儿园查体990例3个月～7岁的健康儿童手指末梢血进行微量元素检测。结果婴幼儿为生长发育最快的时期,易缺乏钙、铁、锌元素,且年龄越小越易缺乏。缺乏率由低到高依次为钙、铁、锌。结论儿童期微量元素易缺乏,应合理补充。各级保健人员应加大宣传力度,强调饮食合理、营养平衡。各级保健机构应建立检测点,做到早干预、早治疗,保证儿童健康成长。     

999例儿童末梢血微量元素检测结果分析

目的：了解本地区0～12岁儿童微量元素锌、铁、钙缺乏情况。方法：采用LK98BⅢ微量元素分析仪,对2010年3月～2011年3月儿科门诊999例儿童末梢血测定,观察锌、铁、钙的缺乏情况。结果：在999例被测儿童中,锌元素缺乏543例,缺乏率为54.35%;铁元素缺乏248例,缺乏率为24.82%;钙元素缺乏596例,缺乏率为59.65%。0～1岁年龄段锌元素缺乏率较高,缺乏率为65%。结论：0～12岁儿童微量元素钙、锌、铁缺乏非常突出,应适当补充钙、锌、铁含量丰富的食物,合理饮食,使体内微量元素达到平衡状态。     

三门县2011年儿童1476人钙、铁、锌微量元素检测分析

目的了解我地区儿童钙、铁、锌微量元素水平,为临床营养调整提供参考。方法 1476名健康体检儿童作为研究对象,检测其钙、铁、锌微量元素水平。结果钙、铁、锌微量元素总异常率55.5%;其中铁元素异常率32.0%,钙元素异常率25.9%,锌元素异常率18.0%。钙、铁、锌异常组均值均低于正常组均值,差异有统计学意义。结论我地区儿童存在不同程度的钙、铁、锌微量元素缺乏,建议定期检测,并给予针对性的营养调整。     

3～7岁儿童全血微量元素临床检测结果分析

目的检测3～7岁儿童全血微量元素钙、铁、锌、铜、镁水平,了解其在儿童体内的含量,为改善儿童膳食结构提供参考。方法采用原子吸收分光光度法测定门诊416例3～7岁儿童全血微量元素。结果微量元素缺乏者检出率最高的是铁、锌元素,分别为65．6％与50。7％;其次是钙、铜元素,分别为31．1％和13．2％;镁元素缺乏者检出率较低为0．2％。统计结果显示钙、铁、锌、铜、镁元素各年龄组均值、缺乏率、男女分组比较P值均〉0．05,差异无统计学意义。结论结果显示3～7岁儿童存在不同程度铁、锌、钙、铜微量元素缺乏,并随着年龄增长而加重。     

0～6岁儿童血清铁、锌与全血血红蛋白的相关关系研究分析

目的了解宝安区某街道0~6岁儿童血清铁、锌和血红蛋白水平,对血清铁与血红蛋白的相关关系进行研究。方法随机抽样采集305例在我所保健的0~6岁儿童的手指末梢血,采用全自动微量元素分析仪测定微量元素铁、锌元素的水平和全血细胞分析仪检测血红蛋白。结果不同年龄儿童全血中的铁、锌的含量比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。儿童的铁微量元素和血红蛋白检测相关分析结果(P<0.01),提示全血铁与血红蛋白有相关关系。结论 13~24个月组男孩全血缺铁、锌,应该注意补铁、锌。儿童全血铁与血红蛋白有相关关系。     

北京市安定门区儿童体内微量元素含量水平调查

观察北京市安定门区儿童体内微量元素含量水平分布情况,为临床治疗和预防提供依据。对2007年5月至2008年8月间在我院儿童保健科体检的散居儿童随机抽查210例,检测体内微量元素含量.并对其分布特点进行分析。年龄在0～2岁和2～4岁的儿童缺铁和缺锌发生率明显高于4--6岁的儿童(p<0.05),而缺钙发生率明显低于4--6岁的儿童(p<0.05)。同时发现铜、镁缺乏发生率三组无明显差异(p>0.05);结论微量元素检测对微量元素缺乏的儿童可以做到早发现、早预防、早治疗.具有成为儿童常规体检项目的价值。     

儿童反复感染和锌缺乏的相关性分析

元素锌是人体内非常重要的微量元素，是机体内许多酶及组织的构成成分。在我国某些地区存在着不同程度的锌缺乏，长期的锌元素缺乏可造成机体免疫力低下，导致儿童的反复感染，表现反复呼吸道感染、消化道感染、反复的口腔溃疡、伤口难以自愈等。本研究观察了近5年来锌缺乏且有反复感染的患儿224例经补锌后的疗效进行对比，发现补锌对该类患儿有良好的作用。     

2005～2007年深圳市宝安区0～14岁独生子女健康状况调查

目的全面了解我区儿童体重、身高及主要疾病的发病情况,为预防保健提供依据。方法抽查0～14岁独生子女共20789例测定身高、体重、视力(6岁以上儿童)、牙齿、血色素、血微量元素、肝功能、乙型肝炎表面抗原等,并做统计分析。结果区内儿童存在不同程度的微量元素缺乏,其中钙、锌缺乏情况最为严重,发生率分别为64.3%、46.9%;近视率高达9.24%;小儿肥胖症发生率29.87%;龋齿发生率10.26%。结论本区0～14岁独生子女健康状况不容乐观,幼儿及学龄前期为生长发育最快时间,易缺乏钙、锌元素,偏食、营养过剩造成小儿肥胖。     

随州市2～5岁儿童血液微量元素含量分析

微量元素(trace element)是人体内含量小于体重万分之一的矿物质。缺乏微量元素会导致多种疾病的发生;但摄入必需微量元素过量时,也会造成毒性损伤。微量元素与儿童的营养状况、生长发育、防御机制、智力水平、食欲等有着密切关系。为了解本地区儿童微量元素营养水平,搞好儿童保健工作,笔者回顾性调查了本地2～5岁学龄前儿童的血微量元素水平,     

1岁以下儿童微量元素锌的检测及分析

目的了解本地区1岁以下幼儿微量元素锌缺乏情况,给婴幼儿及孕、哺乳期妇女补锌提供参考依据。方法对门诊检测者用火焰原子吸收法进行微量元素测定．并对其中100名1岁以下儿童微量元素锌测定结果进行统计分析。结果100名1岁以下儿童中,缺锌的幼儿达88％。结论1岁以下幼儿缺锌非常普遍,应加强儿童及妊娠期、哺乳期妇女富含锌的食物的摄取,并在医生指导下适当补锌。     

252例儿童末梢血微量元素的检测结果及相关性分析

目的为了解我市0～7岁儿童微量元素摄入情况,指导临床,有选择性的给儿童合理补充微量元素。方法随机抽查儿保健卡和儿科门诊的0～7岁儿童252例,利用北京博晖创新光电技术股份有限公司生产的BH5100T型五通道原子吸收光谱仪进行锌、铁、钙、镁、铜五种微量元素的检测,并做统计学分析。结果我市儿童存在不同程度的微量元素缺乏情况,其中锌、铁、钙缺乏情况最为严重,发生率分别为48.4%、50.8%和47.6%,缺镁和缺铜的发生率较低,分别为7.1%和9.5%;分析发现各种微量元素缺乏在性别上差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论分析结果表明我市儿童的微量元素摄入不均衡,合理补充微量元素,可以有效的防止儿童微量元素的缺乏,避免滥补微量元素的盲目性。     

Zinc and human health: an update

The importance of micronutrients in health and nutrition is undisputable, and among them, zinc is an essential element whose significance to health is increasingly appreciated and whose deficiency may play an important role in the appearance of diseases. Zinc is one of the most important trace elements in the organism, with three major biological roles, as catalyst, structural, and regulatory ion. Zinc-binding motifs are found in many proteins encoded by the human genome physiologically, and free zinc is mainly regulated at the single-cell level. Zinc has critical effect in homeostasis, in immune function, in oxidative stress, in apoptosis, and in aging, and significant disorders of great public health interest are associated with zinc deficiency. In many chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis, several malignancies, neurological disorders, autoimmune diseases, aging, age-related degenerative diseases, and Wilson’s disease, the concurrent zinc deficiency may complicate the clinical features, affect adversely immunological status, increase oxidative stress, and lead to the generation of inflammatory cytokines. In these diseases, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation may play important causative roles. It is therefore important that status of zinc is assessed in any case and zinc deficiency is corrected, since the unique properties of zinc may have significant therapeutic benefits in these diseases. In the present paper, we review the zinc as a multipurpose trace element, its biological role in homeostasis, proliferation and apoptosis and its role in immunity and in chronic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, depression, Wilson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other age-related diseases.     

Zinc deficiency and clinical practice--validity of zinc preparations

Zinc is an essential trace element and serves as the active center of approximately 300 enzymes. Therefore, zinc deficiency may be associated with a variety of clinical features such as hypogeusia, hyposmia, growth retardation, dermatitis, alopecia, gonadal hypofunction, abnormal pregnancy, susceptibility to infections, delayed wound healing, impaired glucose tolerance, and increased carcinogenesis. Zinc deficiency was reported to be on the increase in the Nagano Study conducted from 2003 to 2005. Zinc therapy is classified into two categories, zinc-supplementary and -specific treatments. Ordinarily, zinc-supplementary therapy is carried out for the symptoms and diseases caused by zinc deficiency. On the other hand, zinc-specific therapy is applied to obtain copper- and iron-chelating, antifibrotic, and antidiabetic effects. The availability of zinc-specific therapy is now confirmed in humans and animals. Hereafter, the safety of zinc therapy needs to be examined further.     

Zinc deficiency. Symptoms, causes, diagnosis and therapy

Zinc is an essential trace element being required for numerous metabolic processes. The diagnosis of zinc deficiency is based on four main criteria, namely anamnesis, symptomatology, belonging to well-defined risk groups and the determination of biomarkers. The diagnosis of overt zinc deficiency is unproblematic in contrast to moderate states. The review presented here shall help to detect the latter ones. The pharmacotherapy of of zinc deficiency consists in oral administration of zinc salts.     

不同人群血清铁含量的结果调查与分析

目的：调查不同人群血清铁缺乏的情况及特征。方法用亚铁嗪比色法检测婴幼儿（0～3岁）,儿童（3～6岁）,早期妊娠（＜14周）,中晚期妊娠（≥14周）,青少年（6～15岁）,成年男性和成年女性（＞15岁）的血清铁含量。结果婴幼儿、儿童、早期妊娠、中晚期妊娠、青少年、成年男性和成年女性的铁缺乏率分别是25.0％、4.5％、3.5％、16.5％、1.6％、1.6％、2.9％。结论铁缺乏已经是危害婴幼儿和怀孕中晚期孕妇健康的一个重要因素。应针对婴幼儿和孕妇血清铁缺乏的流行病学特点,采取必要的预防和控制措施。     

Iron depletion and anaemia: prevalence, consequences, diagnostic and therapeutic implications in a developing Pakistani population

The prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in Karachi, Pakistan, was examined in a group of 100 children, aged 2 to 6 years, and 200 adult females, aged 17 to 35 years. Anaemia, defined as a haemoglobin level less than 11.5 g/dl, was present in 47% of the children and 30% of the adult females. The majority of subjects had normal red cell counts and MCV, but haematocrit and MCH were below normal in one-quarter of the children and one-third of the adult females. More than half of both children and adult females had serum ferritin levels below normal. Many also had elevated iron binding capacity and reduced serum iron levels. Iron deficiency may be superimposed on folate deficiency in this population. The potentially serious consequences and higher prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia in children and women of childbearing age demand greater efforts toward diagnosis and eradication in developing countries.     

1289名儿童全血五种微量元素的测定分析

目的比较分析大连地区0～14岁儿童静脉全血中微量元素钙、铁、锌、镁、铜的含量。方法用原子吸收光谱法,测定1289名儿童全血中微量元素钙、铁、锌、镁、铜的含量。结果 1289名被测儿童中,锌缺乏444例,缺乏率为34.45%;铁缺乏299例,缺乏率33.98%;铜缺乏294例,缺乏率为22.81%;钙缺乏257例,缺乏率为19.94%;镁缺乏14例,缺乏率为1.09%。1岁以内儿童血铁缺乏率最高,为55.56%,其次是锌缺乏,为50.61%。结论 0～14儿童微量元素钙、铁、锌、镁、铜缺乏情况不同程度存在,提示应注重儿童营养,合理膳食,适当补充微量元素含量丰富的食物,使体内微量元素达到平衡状态,以利于儿童健康成长。     

Vitamin D status of Asian infants

Vitamin D intakes of infants aged 6 and 18 months from the Asian community in Southhall, Middlesex, were studied to assess the effectiveness of food fortification as a means of preventing vitamin D deficiency. Infants aged 6 months generally had similar diets to white children of the same age and had reasonable vitamin D intakes owing to consumption of fortified dried milks and cereals, reinforced by health visitors and baby clinics. Children aged 18 months, however, ate largely Asian diets and had much lower vitamin D intakes than the 6-month-old group with a corresponding increase in symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. Hence new measures for preventing vitamin D deficiency should probably be aimed at children aged over 1 year. The results of this survey suggest that fortifying chapati flour would be the most effective method of doing this.