牵牛子脂肪油超临界CO_2萃取及气相-质谱测定

目的 :提取分析牵牛子脂肪油及其成分。方法 :用超临界CO2 萃取法提取牵牛子脂肪油 ,结合气相 -质谱法分析脂肪油成分。结果 :牵牛子脂肪油含量为34.78% ,脂肪酸组成以亚油酸、油酸和棕榈酸为主 ,不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的88.70% ,饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主。结论 :牵牛子脂肪油属优质植物油,分析结果可为开发、利用牵牛子油脂资源提供科学依据     

长鬃蓼脂肪酸成分研究

目的分析长鬃蓼的脂肪酸含量及其脂肪酸组成。方法以索氏提取法提取长鬃蓼的脂肪油,采用气相色谱-质谱分析鉴定脂肪酸成分。结果鉴定了长鬃蓼的18个脂肪酸成分、2个甾类化合物和植醇,占色谱总出峰面积的82.39%;脂肪酸组成以亚油酸、油酸和棕榈酸为主,不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的60.79%。结论长鬃蓼脂肪酸成分主要为不饱和脂肪酸,所含脂肪酸具有很好的药理活性,为开发利用长鬃蓼资源提供了科学依据。     

双边栝蒌种子油含量及其脂肪酸的测定

目的：测定双边栝蒌种子油的含量及其脂肪酸组成。方法：用重量法和GC-MS法测定。结果：双边栝蒌种子油含量为31.24%，脂肪酸组成以亚油酸和油酸为主，不饱和脂肪酸占脂肪酸总量的90.48%,饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸和硬脂酸为主。结论：双边栝篓种子油属优质植物油，可作为油脂资源开发利用。     

斑蝥炮制前后脂肪酸成分的GC-MS分析

目的:分析斑蝥炮制前后脂肪酸组成。方法:石油醚提取斑蝥脂肪油,甲酯化处理后采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析化合物组成,用峰面积归一化法确定各成分相对含量。结果:从炮制前后的斑蝥脂肪油中共分离鉴定出10种脂肪酸成分,脂肪酸组成以油酸、硬脂酸、亚油酸为主。结论:炮制对斑蝥脂肪酸组成影响不大。本试验可为斑蝥炮制前后的成分研究提供理论依据。     

哈蟆油和哈蟆皮脂肪酸成分的比较分析

目的：比较分析哈蟆油和哈蟆皮脂肪酸成分。方法：分别用不同的方法处理哈蟆油和哈蟆皮，并采用气相色谱技术对其进行分析。结果：共检出25种脂肪酸。其中7种饱和脂肪酸，11种多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），7种单不饱和脂肪酸。对于哈蟆皮主要以棕榈酸、棕榈烯酸、油酸、亚油酸、次亚油酸、花生四烯酸（AA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）为主，哈蟆油主要以棕榈酸、棕榈烯酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、次亚油酸、AA、EPA为主。结论：哈蟆皮中的多不饱和脂肪酸相对含量高于哈蟆油。     

24种海藻中脂肪酸含量的研究

用气相色谱法分析了２４种不同门类海藻脂肪的含量，结果表明，海藻脂肪酸以棕榈酸含量最高，约占总量的４０％，按分类比较，褐藻门海藻的脂肪酸总量及不饱和脂肪酸的含量都较高，而红藻门，绿藻门海藻的脂肪酸含量较低。     

衍生化GC-MS分析何首乌中的脂肪酸组成及其指纹图谱研究

目的:分析何首乌药材中脂肪酸的组成,并建立其气相色谱-质谱指纹图谱.方法:采用索氏提取法提取何首乌中油脂类成分,甲酯化后用气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析脂肪酸组成,以棕榈酸甲酯为参照物,测定其指纹图谱,并作相似度评价.结果:何首乌含20种脂肪酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸有7种,占脂肪酸含量的72.14％;初步建立了以9个共有峰为特...     

GC-MS法分析青海省不同产地冬虫夏草中的脂肪酸

目的 分析比较青海省4个地区7个不同产地的11批冬虫夏草中的脂肪酸类成分.方法 采用一步皂化甲酯化法衍生冬虫夏草中的脂肪酸类成分,GC-MS法和对照品对照定性、定量分析脂肪酸的组成和含量.结果 青海省产的冬虫夏草中主要含有C14～C20的13种脂肪酸,其总量为67.376～148.494 mg·g-1;其中,棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸等3种脂肪酸的含量较高,其总含量占13种脂肪酸总量的92.74％～96.23％;同一样品中,不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比例为3.08 ～7.71;C18和C16的脂肪酸种类最多、含量最高,C18/C16为3.05～8.18;C18脂肪酸中C18∶1/C18∶2为1.10 ～2.91.结论 青海省不同产地的冬虫夏草样品中13种脂肪酸的组成差异较小,但脂肪酸的含量和比例差异较大.     

气相色谱-质谱法分析鹰嘴豆脂肪酸成分

目的分析鹰嘴豆中脂肪酸成分。方法采用气相色谱（GC）、气相色谱质谱法（GC/MS）对鹰嘴豆中脂肪酸的组成及相对含量进行研究。结果鉴定了棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸等13种脂肪酸,不饱和脂肪酸达83.5%,其中油酸为23.39%,亚油酸为58.53%。结论该法可用于鹰嘴豆中脂肪酸类成分的分析。     

椒目仁油与5种食用油中5种脂肪酸的含量比较

目的:建立测定椒目仁油与紫苏油、花生油、菜籽油、大豆油、山茶油中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸与α-亚麻酸含量的方法,并对上述6种植物油中5种脂肪酸的含量进行比较。方法:采用十四酸作为内标,先甲酯化脂肪酸,再用气相色谱法测定5种脂肪酸的含量。色谱柱为涂布浓度15%丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯的不锈钢填充柱(2000mm×3mm),柱温为180℃,进样口温度为300℃,检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,检测器温度为320℃,载气为高纯氮,流量为40mL·min-1,不分流进样。结果:6种植物油中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸及总的不饱和脂肪酸含量,椒目仁油中分别为10.79%、2.93%、19.36%、27.73%、31.61%、78.70%,紫苏油中分别为7.74%、4.29%、17.04%、10.34%、58.64%、86.02%,花生油中分别为4.10%、3.59%、41.92%、32.21%、0.24%、74.37%,菜籽油中分别为2.52%、1.51%、22.88%、41.76%、8.03%、72.67%,大豆油中分别为13.84%、4.98%、19.32%、45.12%、6.28%、70.72%,山茶油中分别为5.17%、3.75%、37.46%、3.82%、0.26%、41.54%。结论:椒目仁油与其余几种油比较具有不饱和脂肪酸含量高、来源丰富、制作简单、价格便宜等优点,可以作为补充脂肪酸的来源。     

GC/MS分析紫苏子与亚麻子脂肪酸成分

探讨紫苏子和亚麻子油中的脂肪酸组成,为开发利用提供依据。方法：化学法萃取紫苏子和亚麻子油,ＧＣ／ＭＳ分析油中的脂肪酸成分。结果：紫苏子和亚麻子得油率（Ｗ／Ｗ）分别为２９．５２％和３８．９７％。紫苏子油中检出软脂酸、亚油酸、α－亚麻酸、硬脂酸、二十碳—烯酸和二十碳烷酸等６种脂肪酸,它们的相对百分含量分别为５．９１％、７．０３％、８４．５０％、２．４１％、０．０５％和０．１０％;亚麻子油中检出软脂酸、亚油酸、α－亚麻酸、硬脂酸和二十二碳烷酸等５种脂肪酸和２种未知成分,已知脂肪酸成分占总脂肪酸组分的９９．９１％,其相对百分含量分别为４．２９％、８．２０％、８３．８４％、３．５３％和０．０５％。结论：紫苏子和亚麻子油的脂肪酸组成均比较简单,并富含可开发利用的α－亚麻酸。     

Rapid chromatographic analysis of fatty acid anilides suspected of causing toxic oil syndrome

A rapid method for isolation and determination of fatty acid anilides of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linoleic, and erucic acids from oil samples was developed. Corn oil samples mixed with the fatty acid anilides were diluted with petroleum ether, passed through silica gel Sep-Pak cartridges, and washed with petroleum ether. The fatty acid anilides were eluted with petroleum ether-diethyl ether (19:1, v/v), dried under a vacuum, separated, and quantitated by reversed-phase thin-layer and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. The recovery was between 79 and 97% for the anilides from the fortified oil sample. This method can be used for the identification and quantitation of the fatty acid anilides found in adulterated oil samples.     

Comparison of stationary phases in reversed-phase TLC for correlation between structure and biological response of probiotics

A series of C16,C18 and C20 fatty acids and their ethyl esters and alcohols were investigated as possible stationary phases in reversed-phase TLC for the correlation between structure and biological response (antistaphylococcal activity). Ten probiotics (omego-amino acids and their L-histidine dipeptides) were used as the biologically active compounds. The mobile phase was 70% acetone in water. The best correlations were obtained with hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) or cis9,cis-12,cis-15-octadecatrienoic acid, 1-hexadecanol or cis-9-octadeconol, and ethyl hexadecanoate for the fatty acids, their alcohols, and their ethyl esters, respectively. Among all compounds, the following relation was obtained: fatty acids = alcohols greater than ethyl esters greater than white paraffin oil.     

海桐果壳和种子脂肪酸成分研究

目的:分析并比较海桐果壳和种子的脂肪酸成分。方法:采用有机溶剂抽提海桐果壳和种子的挥发油,用KOH-NaOH溶液进行甲酯化,采用气相色谱-质谱联用法分离并确认二者的化学成分。结果:从2种样品中共鉴定出了13种脂肪酸,主要成分均为棕榈酸和油酸。结论:海桐果壳和种子均可作为保健型食用油而开发利用。     

GC-MS法测定桃仁在不同贮藏条件下脂肪酸含量的变化

目的研究不同贮藏条件下桃仁中各类脂肪酸的变化情况。方法采用敞开贮藏、纸袋封藏、塑料袋封藏、真空封藏四种贮藏方式,分别提取其中的油脂,甲酯化处理后用GC-MS法进行测定,色谱柱为30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm,载气流速1.0 m l.m in-1,扫描范围20~600 amu。结果随着桃仁贮藏时间的延长,其棕榈酸、亚油酸、油酸的百分含量降低,硬脂酸的百分含量升高。其中真空封装下桃仁脂肪酸相对稳定。结论真空封装条件下,桃仁品质比纸袋和塑料袋封装的要好。     

The effect of phenobarbital and carbon tetrachloride on fatty acid content and composition of phospholipids from the endoplasmic reticulum of rat liver

The fatty acid content and composition of hepatic microsomes of separated smooth and rough components and of isolated phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine fractions were studied in male albino rats treated with phenobarbital or carbon tetrachloride. Both test compounds significantly altered the fatty acid composition of the endoplasmic reticulum. The total amount was significantly raised by phenobarbital and reduced by carbon tetrachloride. Phenobarbital enhanced palmitic, stearic, arachidic, palmitoleic, linoleic, eicosenoic, eicosadienoic, eicosatrienoic, eicosapentenoic, docosatrienoic, and docosahexenoic acids. Carbon tetrachloride diminished all these, excluding palmitic and palmitoleic acids. The fatty acid content of rough microsomes was significantly increased by phenobarbital and decreased by carbon tetrachloride, while in smooth microsomes fatty acids were raised by phenobarbital but mainly unaffected by carbon tetrachloride. In microsomal phosphatidylcholine fractions, phenobarbital significantly elevated oleic, linoleic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, eicosapentenoic, docosapentenoic, and docosahexenoic acids, whereas all these were significantly reduced with carbon tetrachloride. In phosphatidylethanolamine fractions, phenobarbital increased palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids; carbon tetrachloride elicited opposite effects on these acids. Phenobarbital increased and carbon tetrachloride reduced the fatty acid content in the phosphatidylcholine fraction of rough membranes. Opposite effects were seen in oleic, linoleic, arachidonic, and eicosapentenoic acids. Both test compounds brought about similar changes in the fatty acid composition of the phosphatidylethanolamine fractions of rough microsomes. In smooth microsomes, phosphatidylcholine fatty acids were significantly enhanced by phenobarbital and reduced by carbon tetrachloride. The fatty acid content of phosphatidylethanolamine was increased by phenobarbital, mainly manifesting in palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, arachidonic, docosapentenoic, and docosahexenoic acids. Carbon tetrachloride elicited no major change in this fraction. Phenobarbital increased the production of unsaturated fatty acids, whereas carbon tetrachloride elevated the relative amount of saturated fatty acids. The saturated/unsaturated fatty acids ratio was reduced by phenobarbital and increased by carbon tetrachloride, and thus may indicate a selective difference between an inducer and hepatotoxin on fatty acid synthesis of the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum.