自膨式裸支架LifeStent在髂动脉硬化闭塞疾病治疗中的疗效分析

目的评价腔内技术对治疗髂动脉狭窄闭塞性疾病的近中期疗效。方法回顾性分析济宁市第一人民医院2011年6月至2014年6月期间使用第2代自膨式裸支架Life Stent(美国,巴德)置入治疗的64例髂动脉硬化闭塞疾病患者(共75条患肢)的临床资料,分析其保肢率、通畅率、并发症发生率等。结果本组患者平均年龄为68岁,按泛大西洋协作组织共识(TASC)Ⅱ分型,TASCⅡA型患肢11条,TASCⅡB型患肢26条,TASCⅡC型患肢29条,TASCⅡD型患肢9条。术前踝肱指数为0.29±0.20,术后复查踝肱指数为0.94±0.16,术后踝肱指数明显高于术前(P0.01)。术后随访(22±10)个月,失访5例。1年、2年的一期累积通畅率分别为79%和60%、二期累积通畅率分别为91%和84%、保肢率分别为96%和94%。围手术期发生并发症5例,并发症发生率为7.8%,无手术相关死亡及严重并发症发生。结论第2代自膨式裸支架Life Stent治疗髂动脉狭窄闭塞疾病的近中期临床疗效较满意,远期疗效尚需进一步观察。     

腔内血管成形术治疗髂动脉长段慢性完全闭塞性病变

目的 评价腔内血管成形术治疗髂动脉长段慢性完全闭塞性病变(CTO)的可行性、有效性及安全性.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2010年12月经腔内血管成形术治疗的病变长度＞5 cm的髂动脉CTO患者139例(157条患肢)的临床资料.其中男性93例(105条患肢),女性46例(52条患肢);年龄50 ～96岁,平均年龄(77±10)岁.TASCⅡ分型:B型18例,C型89例,D型32例.采用左肱动脉和(或)股动脉穿刺经内膜下或血管内行髂动脉闭塞的球囊血管成形联合支架植入术治疗.结果 技术成功率96.2％ (151/157).踝肱指数由术前的0.42±0.19上升到术后的0.81±0.26.随访6～53个月,平均随访(30±7)个月,髂动脉支架畅通率94.1％ (111/118),7例发生支架内再狭窄或闭塞,无髂动脉破裂、支架移位、穿刺动脉假性动脉瘤及动静脉瘘的发生.结论 腔内血管成形术治疗髂动脉长段CTO安全、有效,术后支架通畅率高,联合肱动脉和股动脉双向穿刺技术能够显著提高技术成功率.     

TASC D型主髂动脉闭塞症腔内治疗的近期效果观察

目的观察TASC D型主髂动脉闭塞症腔内治疗的近期效果。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2016年12月在本院腔内治疗的36例(46条患肢)TASC D型主髂动脉闭塞症患者的临床治疗资料,观察腔内治疗成功率、手术前后踝肱指数(ABI)变化、术后并发症,并于术后6、12个月进行随访统计通畅率变化。结果 43条患肢手术成功,手术成功率93.48%(43/46);腔内治疗成功患者ABI从术前的0.42±0.16提高到术后的0.83±0.21(P0.01);术后随访6、12个月的通畅率分别为97.67%、90.70%。术中髂动脉破裂1例(3.03%),术后血肿形成1例(3.03%),未出现动静脉瘘、深静脉血栓、假性动脉瘤等并发症。结论腔内治疗TASC D型主髂动脉闭塞症创伤小,通畅率高且并发症少,近期效果显著,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

TASC C/D型主髂动脉硬化闭塞症的杂交手术治疗

目的:评价杂交手术治疗TASC C/D型主髂动脉硬化闭塞症的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012年5月—2014年5月采用杂交手术治疗的48例TASC C/D型主髂动脉硬化闭塞症患者(共66条患肢)临床资料,其中TASC C型22例,D型26例,观察围手术期情况,比较不同Fontaine分级患者血管再通情况并分析影响一期通畅率的因素。结果:48例(66条患肢)杂交手术均获得成功,手术成功率100%,1例患者因下肢坏疽处感染严重而于术后5 d行截肢手术,无死亡病例,围手术期并发症发生率16.67%。与术前比较,术后间歇性跛行距离(568 m vs.92 m)与踝肱指数(0.75 vs.0.25)均明显增加(均P0.05)。平均随访24个月,术后6个月和1、2年的一期通畅率分别为95.45%、90.91%、87.88%,二期通畅率分别为98.48%、96.97%、92.42%;Fontaine II、III级患者一期通畅率均高于IV级患者(P=0.036、0.015),而II、III级患者之间一期通畅率无统计学差异(P0.05);高脂血症和糖尿病是影响术后一期通畅率的独立危险因素(P=0.026、0.003)。结论:杂交手术是治疗TASC C/D型主髂动脉硬化闭塞症的安全、有效方式。     

腔内支架植入治疗TASCⅡ C、D型股腘动脉慢性闭塞病变

目的 探讨泛大西洋协作组织(TransAtlantic InterSociety Consensus,TASC)ⅡC、D型股腘动脉慢性闭塞腔内支架治疗的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2008年1月至2011年6月46例(51条下肢)TASCⅡC型和D型股腘动脉闭塞患者腔内治疗的临床资料.46例中男27例,女19例,年龄52～88岁,平均(70 ±8)岁.术前Rutherford症状分级:3级重度间歇性跛行29条,4级静息痛12条,5级轻微组织缺损6条,6级组织溃疡、坏疽4条.总结分析技术成功率、患肢术后临床症状、踝肱指数(ankle brachial index,ABI)变化,并发症发生率和通畅率.结果 技术成功率90.2％ (42/51),治疗成功者共植入支架93枚.术后ABI 0.71 ±0.23,较术前0.42 ±0.13提高,两者差异有统计学意义(t=-7.281,P＜0.01).42例技术成功者均获随访,平均随访(14.6±1.2)个月.术后6个月的一期通畅率、辅助通畅率和累积通畅率分别为81.0％、88.1％、90.5％,术后12个月的一期通畅率、辅助通畅率和累积通畅率分别为66.7％、71.8％、79.5％.结论 TASCⅡC、D型股腘动脉慢性闭塞腔内治疗是一种安全有效的方法.     

主动脉分叉覆膜支架腔内重建治疗TASC ⅡD型主髂动脉闭塞症近中期疗效评价

回顾性分析32例主动脉分叉覆膜支架腔内重建治疗TASCⅡD型主髂动脉闭塞症患者的近中期疗效。治疗技术成功率为100%, 术后并发症率为6.25%, 均无围手术期死亡, 5例发生了支架内再闭塞(15.6%)。全因死亡率为0, 12个月和24个月的一期通畅率分别为87.5%、84.38%, 二期通畅率均为100%。本研究显示主动脉分叉覆膜支架腔内重建技术治疗 TASCⅡD型主髂动脉闭塞性疾病是安全、有效的, 并可获得满意的近中期通畅率。     

血管腔内移植物在TASC C及D型股腘动脉闭塞血管腔内治疗中应用的长期临床结果

目的评价支架移植物Viabahn在TASC C及D型股腘动脉粥样硬化性闭塞血管腔内治疗中的长期结果。方法对2013年9月至2020年3月在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院血管外科接受Viabahn治疗的慢性股腘动脉闭塞患者进行回顾性分析。评价腔内操作的围手术期并发症发生率, 术后1、3、5年的靶血管一期通畅率、二期通畅率、免于临床症状驱动的靶病变血运重建率(freedom from clinically-driven target lesion revascularization, F-TLR)、大截肢率以及全因死亡率。结果 65例患者(67条下肢)接受了股腘动脉Viabahn植入。其中TASC C型病变20条(29.9%), TASC D型47条(70.1%)。平均病变长度(29.1±9.4)cm。48条(71.6%)原发性病变患肢为慢性完全闭塞病变(chronic total occlusion, CTO), CTO病变平均长度(26.1±10.4)cm。技术成功率98.6%。植入Viabahn的平均长度(31.3±10.1)cm。5年大截肢率4.2%, 全因死亡率23.1%, 术后...     

腔内治疗TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血的中期疗效分析

目的 探讨腔内治疗对TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患者的中期疗效。方法 收集2017年10月至2019年12月于河北医科大学第一医院接受腔内治疗的60例（62条患肢）TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患者的临床资料。观察患者的手术结果、临床成功率、技术成功率、治疗后并发症发生情况、随访情况,以及术后12、24、36个月的免于临床驱动的靶病变血运重建（fCD-TLR）情况、总保肢情况。分析TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患者临床特征与fCD-TLR时间、保肢时间的关系。结果 62条TASCⅡC/D型股腘动脉闭塞合并重度肢体缺血患肢的临床成功率和技术成功率均为98.4%(61/62)。治疗后,支架断裂率为4.8%(3/62),支架内再狭窄或闭塞率为30.6%(19/62)。术后12、24、36个月,62条患肢的fCD-TLR率分别为72.6%(45/62)、54.8%(34/62)、41.9%(26/62),总保肢率分别为77.4%(48/62)、71.0%(44/62)、62.9%(39/62)。有无终末期肾病、是否为复杂病变、靶血管病变长度、T...     

TASCⅡ C、D型股腘动脉闭塞腔内治疗的操作技巧与疗效分析

目的观察TASCⅡ C、D型股腘动脉闭塞腔内治疗的临床疗效,分析影响治疗效果的可能因素与操作技巧。方法 2009年1月～2010年6月,89例(113条患肢)TASCⅡ C、D型股腘动脉闭塞患者接受腔内治疗。对患者术后3、6和12个月时的临床症状、踝肱指数(ABI)、并发症发生率和累计通畅率进行分析。结果成功开通病变肢体共106条,技术成功率93.8%。36条(34.0%)患肢出现并发症。75例患者(共92条下肢)获得随访,随访率为86.8%。平均随访时间12.5个月。术后3、6和12个月时的平均ABI分别为0.74±0.39、0.68±0.38和0.66±0.31,与术前比较(0.43±0.39),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后12个月的一期通畅率、辅助通畅率和二期通畅率分别为64.6%、72.4%和81.5%。结论 TASCⅡ C、D型股腘动脉闭塞腔内治疗是一种安全有效的方法。熟练的腔内操作技术和规范的术后指导是提高技术成功率和维持动脉早中期通畅的关键。     

影响股浅动脉硬化闭塞症外科治疗预后的相关因素

目的 明确股胴动脉病变TASCⅡ分级、流出道评分、影响动脉硬化危险因素与外科治疗股浅动脉硬化闭塞症术后疗效的相关性.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2009年9月北京同仁医院对股胭动脉硬化闭塞症行股胭动脉段介入或手术治疗142例患者的临床资料.采用TASCⅡ分级标准对股胴动脉段病变分级;使用流出道评分标准对胫腓动脉进行膝下流出道评分.随访患者术后疗效,用Kaplan-Meier法计算一期通畅率,用COX回归分析病变TASCⅡ分级、流出道评分、各种动脉硬化危险因素与术后一期通畅率相关性.结果 本组142例(197条患肢).其中外科手术治疗50例(58条患肢);介入治疗99例(139条患肢).随访患者141例(196条患肢),随访率90.8%.术后随访时间1～26个月,中位随访时间13个月.经COX回归分析,术前股浅动脉病变TASCⅡ分级(RR=1.471,P=0.012)、流出道评分(RR=1.190,P=0.004)、2型糖尿病(RR=2.320,P=0.019)为影响外科治疗股浅动脉病变术后一期通畅率的因素. 结论术前TASCⅡ分级级别较高、流出道评分分值较高及患有2型糖尿病的患者,股浅动脉病变术后一期通畅率不佳.     

股腘动脉慢性长段闭塞腔内治疗134例临床分析

目的观察TASCⅡC、D型股胭动脉慢性长段闭塞腔内治疗的临床疗效,总结腔内治疗相关并发症和防治方法。方法2009年1月至2010年12月,134例（172条下肢）TASCⅡC、D型股胴动脉闭塞患者接受腔内治疗。回顾性分析技术成功率、患肢术后临床症状、踝肱指数（ankle brachial index,ABI）变化、并发症发生率和通畅率。结果技术成功率90．7％。43条患肢（83条次）出现并发症（27．6％）。其中动脉夹层29条（34．9％）,动脉穿孔11条（13．3％）,动脉栓塞8条（9．6％）,穿刺部位血肿16条（19．3％）,穿刺点假性动脉瘤5条（6．0％）,急性动脉血栓形成3条（3．6％）,造影剂过敏反应3条（3．6％）,尿路出血2条（2．4％）和心脑血管意外6条（7．2％）。平均随访13．1个月。术后12个月的一期通畅率、辅助通畅率和二期通畅率分别为61．1％、70．2％、81．7％。结论TASCⅡC、D型股胭动脉闭塞腔内治疗是一种安全有效的方法。熟练的腔内操作技术,及时正确的并发症处理和规范的术后随访是提高治疗成功率和维持动脉长期通畅的关键。     

Long-term outcomes and predictors of iliac angioplasty with selective stenting

OBJECTIVE: To review our 11-year experience of iliac angioplasty with selective stenting and to evaluate the safety, short- and long-term patency, clinical success rates, and predictive risk factors in patients with iliac artery occlusive disease. METHODS: From August 1993 to November 2004, 151 iliac lesions (149 stenoses, 2 occlusions) in 104 patients were treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). The patients had chronic limb ischemia described as disabling claudication (the Society for Vascular Surgery clinical category 2 or 3) in 76 (50%), rest pain (category 4) in 38 (25%), and ulcer/gangrene (category 5) in 37 (25%). Forty-six limbs (30%) were treated with concomitant infrainguinal endovascular (36, 24%) or open procedures (10, 6%). Thirty-four limbs (23%) had one or more stents placed for primary PTA failure, including residual stenosis (> or =30%), mean pressure gradient (> or =5 mm Hg), or dissection (stent group); whereas, 117 limbs (77%) underwent PTA alone (PTA group). The affected arteries treated were 28 (19%) common iliac, 31 (20%) external iliac, and 92 (61%) both arteries. According to TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) classification, 39 limbs (26%) were in type A, 71 (47%) in type B, 36 (24%) in type C, and 5 (3%) in type D. Reporting standards of the Society for Vascular Surgery and the International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery were followed. RESULTS: There was no perioperative death. Total complication rate was 0.7% (one groin hematoma). The mean follow-up was 21 months (median, 10; range, 1 to 94 months). Only 9 (8%) of 117 of the PTA group had subsequent stent placement for recurrent stenosis. The iliac lesions were more severe and extensive in the stent group than those in the PTA group according to TASC classification (Mann-Whitney U test [M-W], P < .0001) and anatomic location (M-W, P = .0019). The technical success rate was 99%, and the initial clinical success rate was 99%. Overall, the cumulative primary patency rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 76%, 59%, and 49% (Kaplan-Meier [K-M]). The cumulative assisted primary and secondary patency rates at 7 years were 98% and 99% (K-M). The mean number of subsequent iliac endovascular procedures was 1.4 per limb in patients with primary failure of iliac angioplasty/stenting. The continued clinical improvement rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 81%, 67%, and 53% (K-M). The limb salvage rates at 7 year were 93% (K-M). Of 15 predictor variables studied in 151 iliac lesions, the significant independent predictors for adverse outcomes were smoking history (P = .0074), TASC type C/type D lesions (P = .0001), and stenotic ipsilateral superficial femoral artery (P = .0002) for the primary patency rates; chronic renal failure with hemodialysis (P = .014), ulcer/gangrene as an indication for PTA (P < .0001), and stenotic ipsilateral superficial femoral artery (P = .034) for the continued clinical improvement (K-M, log-rank test and Cox regression model). CONCLUSIONS: Although the primary patency rates were not high, the assisted primary and secondary patency rates were excellent without primary stenting. Overall, >70% of iliac lesions were treated successfully with PTA alone. The results of this study show that selective stenting offers satisfactory assisted primary and secondary long-term patency after iliac angioplasty. Patients with TASC type C/type D iliac lesions, a stenotic ipsilateral superficial femoral artery, ulcer/gangrene, smoking history, and chronic renal failure with hemodialysis should be followed carefully after endovascular iliac revascularization. These risk factors could be considered indications for primary stenting, although further studies are needed to confirm this.     

Iliac artery angioplasty : technique and results

Percutaneous angioplasty is widely used for the treatment of iliac artery occlusive disease. Access to the ipsi-lateral, or less commonly contralateral, common femoral artery is obtained under local anaesthesia; the lesion is crossed with a guidewire and dilated with an angioplasty balloon catheter. This technique yields excellent immediate results with very few complications. Stent placement is used in lesions not amenable to balloon angioplasty, in complications, and recurrences. Evidence suggests that balloon angioplasty is the procedure of choice for iliac artery occlusive lesions. Stent placement should be reserved for angioplasty failures. However, primary stent placement is indicated in total occlusions. Lesion morphology is an important determinant of immediate success and long-term patency. TASC lesions type A and B are best treated with angioplasty and stenting, while TASC lesions type C and D show better results with surgical treatment. The development of new stent designs may expand the indications of the percutaneous treatment.     

血管腔内成形术治疗髂动脉硬化闭塞症

目的 探讨血管腔内成形术治疗髂动脉硬化闭塞症的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2002年12月至2008年12月收治的61例(76条血管)髂动脉硬化闭塞症患者的临床资料,其中男46例,女15例.平均年龄(67±11)岁.主要临床症状包括严重的间歇性跛行(跛行距离<100 m)38例,静息痛13例,肢/趾端溃疡10例.TASC A型病变29例,B型16例,C型11例,D型5例.应用导丝导管或超声消融开通闭塞段,行腔内支架置入术后随访.结果 61例患者71条血管成功开通(共置入63枚支架),开通率93%(71/76).成功者临床症状改善率100%.踝肱指数(ABI)由术前0.33±0.17提高到术后0.72±0.20,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).随访51例,随访率83%.随访时间6-60个月,平均(26±14)个月.1年通畅率90%(TASC A、B组92%;TASC C、D组84%).3年通畅率75%(TASC A、B组80%;TASC C、D组63%);5年通畅率72%.结论 髂动脉硬化闭塞的腔内成形术较传统的血管重建手术创伤小、并发症低,近、中期通畅率相当.     

Early results of external iliac artery stenting combined with common femoral artery endarterectomy

PURPOSE: The endovascular approach to external iliac artery (EIA) disease extending into the common femoral artery (CFA) has been avoided because of problems with stent placement across the inguinal ligament. Surgical treatment for this disease distribution includes extensive endarterectomy or bypass procedures or both. We report our initial experience with a combined open and endovascular approach to these patients. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent intraoperative EIA stenting after CFA endarterectomy/patch angioplasty between 1997 and 2000. Stents were positioned to end at the proximal endarterectomy endpoint, without crossing the inguinal ligament. Technical success, hemodynamic success, and clinical success were determined according to Society of Vascular Surgery/International Society of Cardiovascular Surgery criteria. Life-table analysis was performed for patency. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (mean age, 68 years; 23 male, 11 female) had combined endovascular and open treatment of iliofemoral occlusive disease. Indications were claudication in 41% and critical limb ischemia in 59%. Femoral reconstruction included endarterectomy with patch angioplasty in all patients. EIA stent deployment incorporated the stenotic iliac segment and the proximal endpoint of the endarterectomy in all patients. Four patients (12%) also needed common iliac angioplasty at the same time for proximal iliac disease, and 14 patients (41%) also needed distal revascularization for associated femoropopliteal or tibial disease. Technical success and hemodynamic success were achieved in 100% of patients. Clinical success was achieved in 97% of patients. The mean postoperative increase in ankle-brachial index in patients with inflow procedures only was 0.36 (range, 0.1 to 0.85). The overall complication rate was 15%. With a mean follow-up period of 13 months (range, 0.5 to 28 months), 1-year primary patency and primary-assisted patency rates were 84% and 97%, respectively. No perioperative mortality was seen. CONCLUSION: EIA stenting as an adjunct to CFA endarterectomy/patch angioplasty allows for more localized surgery than conventional bypass. This approach also allows a better interface between the stent and endarterectomy than staged preoperative stenting. Technical success and early patency rates are excellent.     

Endovascular management of iliac artery occlusions: extending treatment to TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus class C and D patients

OBJECTIVE: The preferential use of endovascular techniques to treat complex aortoiliac disease has increased in recent years. The purpose of this study was to review the outcomes and durability of recanalization, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, and stenting for iliac occlusions based on the patient's TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) stratification. METHODS: Between 1998 and 2004, more than 628 patients with a clinical diagnosis of aortoiliac atherosclerotic disease underwent arteriography. The endovascular treatment of 89 consecutive patients (mean age, 66 years; 58% male) with symptomatic iliac occlusions (TASC-B, -C, and -D) was the basis for this study. Original angiographic imaging was evaluated for lesion grade and runoff. Electronic and hard copy medical records were reviewed for demographic data, clinical variables, and noninvasive vascular laboratory testing. Kaplan-Meier estimators were used to determine patency rates according to Society for Vascular Surgery criteria. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. P values of <.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: Recanalization and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty/stenting (total, 178 stents) of occluded iliac arteries was technically successful in 84 (91%) of 92 procedures. Patients in the TASC-C and -D groups often required multiple access sites (50%) and femoral artery endarterectomy/patch angioplasty for diffuse disease (24%). The mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.45 to 0.83. Distal embolization led to major amputation and eventual death in one patient. Two other deaths occurred in the perioperative period secondary to cardiorespiratory causes. Three-year primary patency, secondary patency, and limb salvage rates were 76%, 90%, and 97%, respectively, and progression of infrainguinal disease led to late limb loss in two patients. Diabetes as a risk factor was significantly associated with decreased primary patency (57% vs 83%; P = .049). Critical ischemia at presentation was associated with decreased patency rates as well (P = .002), but TASC classification did not significantly alter patency rates. CONCLUSIONS: Complex long-segment and bilateral iliac occlusions can be safely treated via endovascular means with high rates of symptom resolution. Initial technical success, low morbidity, and mid-term durability are comparable to results with open reconstruction. A liberal posture to open femoral artery reconstruction extends the ability to treat diffuse TASC-C and -D lesions via endovascular means.     

Iliac artery stenting versus surgical reconstruction for TASC (TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus) type B and type C iliac lesions

OBJECTIVE: The TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) document did not define the best treatment for moderately severe iliac artery lesions, ie, TASC type B and type C iliac lesions, because of insufficient solid evidence to make firm recommendations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of risk factors on outcome of iliac stenting and operative procedures used to treat TASC type B and type C lesions. METHODS: Over the 5 years from 1996 to 2001, 188 endovascular and direct aortoiliac surgical reconstruction procedures were performed in 87 women and 101 men with TASC type B and type C iliac lesions and chronic limb ischemia. The criteria prepared by the Ad Hoc Committee on Reporting Standards (Society for Vascular Surgery/International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery (SVS/ISCVS) were followed to define variables. Both univariate analysis (Kaplan-Meier method) and multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazards model) were used to determine the association between variables, cumulative patency rate, limb salvage, and survival. RESULTS: Indications for revascularization were disabling claudication (73%), limb salvage (25%), and blue toe syndrome (2%). Patients in the surgery group (n = 52) had significantly higher primary patency rates compared with patients in the stent group (n = 136) at univariate analysis (Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test; P =.015). Primary patency rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 85%, 72%, and 64% after iliac stenting, and 89%, 86%, and 86% after surgical reconstruction, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis enabled identification of poor runoff (ie, runoff score >5 for unilateral procedures or >2.5 for bilateral outflow procedures; relative risk, 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-4.2; P =.001) as the only independent predictor of decreased primary patency in all patients. However, stratified analysis including only patients with poor runoff revealed that patients undergoing iliac stenting had significantly lower primary patency rates compared with those undergoing surgical reconstruction (Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test; P =.05). External iliac artery disease and female gender were also identified as independent predictors of decreased primary stent patency. CONCLUSIONS: Poor infrainguinal runoff is the main risk factor for decreased primary patency after surgical reconstruction and iliac stenting to treat TASC type B and type C iliac lesions. However, primary patency is less affected by poor runoff in patients undergoing surgical procedures. The presence of poor runoff, external iliac artery disease, and female gender are independent predictors of poor outcome after iliac stenting, and therefore these risk factors should determine the need for surgical reconstruction.     

Efficacy of Hemobahn in the treatment of superficial femoral artery lesions in patients with acute or critical ischemia: a comparative study with claudicants.

PURPOSE: To assess the results of covered stents in the treatment of superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusive disease. METHOD: From July 2000 till June 2003, 32 patients (34 limbs) were scheduled for procedures including Hemobahn deployment in the SFA. Indication for treatment was claudication (group I, N=15 patients and 16 limbs, 31.2% occlusions) or critical and acute ischemia (group II, N=17 patients and 18 limbs, 61.1% occlusions). TASC D SFA lesions were excluded. No limb artery was patent pre-operatively in 19% and 89% of limbs in groups I and II, respectively (p=0.00001). RESULTS: Outflow procedures were performed simultaneously in one limb in group I and 12 in group II (p=0.0003). The technical, hemodynamic and clinical success rates were 100, 100 and 94.1%, respectively. Mean follow-up was 18.1 months. Primary patency rates at 12 months were 81.3+/-10.6% in group I and 88.6+/-9.0% in group II (p=0.547). At 12 months, the secondary patency and limb salvage rates were, respectively, 87.5+/-8.9 and 100% in group I and 87.5+/-8.93 and 94.45+/-6.71% in group II. CONCLUSION: Treatment of SFA occlusive lesions (excluding TASC D lesions) with the Hemobahn covered stent yielded good results for both claudicants with good outflow and patients with critical or acute ischemia with bad outflow, if concomitant outflow-improving procedures were performed.