Diagnostic value of CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, CYFRA 21-1, NSE and TSA assay in pleural effusions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the individual and combined diagnostic utility of six tumor markers in patients with pleural effusion. Pleural and serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), cytokeratin fragment 19 (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and total sialic acid (TSA) were assayed in 74 patients with pleural effusions (44 malignant and 30 benign). All tumor markers except TSA and NSE were increased in both serum and pleural fluid of patients with malignant diseases. Using the cut-off values 3 ng/ml, 14 U/ml, 5 U/ml, 8 ng/ml and 70 mg/dl for pleural fluid CEA, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, CYFRA 21-1 and TSA, respectively, the sensitivity (%) and specificity (%) of these tumor markers were as follows: CEA; 52/77, CA 15-3; 80/93, CA 19-9; 36/83, CYFRA 21-1; 91/90, TSA; 80/67, for differentiating malignant effusions from benign. When CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 combined, the sensitivity and specificity were increased (100 and 83%, respectively). Classifying the malignant effusions as bronchial carcinoma and malignant pleural mesothelioma, CEA was shown to have the highest sensitivity and specificity (88 and 90%, respectively) while the combination of CEA with other tumor markers increased sensitivity but decreased specificity. According to our results, tumor markers are not suitable for the differential diagnosis of malignancy.     

六种肿瘤标志物在肺癌胸腔积液中的诊断价值

目的通过对胸腔积液和血清中6种肿瘤标志物的检测及胸腔积液脱落细胞学检查,探讨各指标在肺癌胸腔积液中的诊断价值。方法应用化学发光法和酶联免疫分析法测定50例肺癌和30例肺良性疾病患者的胸腔积液和血清中的癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原19—9（CA19—9）、鳞状细胞癌抗原（SCC）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21—1）、胃泌素前体释放肽（ProGRP）水平,同时对胸腔积液标本进行脱落细胞学检查,并根据受试者工作特性曲线（ROC）建立合理的临床判断临界值。结果肺癌患者胸腔积液中6种肿瘤标志物水平均高于肺良性疾病者,其中CEA、CA19-9、CYFRA21—1、ProGRP水平显著高于肺良性疾病组（P〈0．05）。胸腔积液CEA、血清CYFRA21—1及CEA含量在胸腔积液与血清中的比值（P／S）在各组中的ROC曲线下面积最大。结论胸腔积液CEA、血清CYFRA21—1及CEA的P／S值在鉴别良、恶性胸腔积液中有一定的辅助诊断价值,胸腔积液CEA的诊断价值最大。     

Serum CYFRA 21-1 (cytokeratin-19 fragments) is a useful tumour marker for detecting disease relapse and assessing treatment efficacy in breast cancer

The usefulness of serum CYFRA 21-1 (cytokeratin-19 fragments) in monitoring the recurrence of breast cancer and in evaluating therapeutic effects was studied retrospectively. The sera from 173 patients with primary breast cancer or recurrent disease were measured for CYFRA 21-1, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) levels. The positive rates of serum CYFRA 21-1 for stage IV (n=12) or recurrent disease (n=26) were 83.3 and 84.6%, respectively, while those of serum CEA were 41.7 and 26.9%, and those of serum CA 15-3 were 83.3 and 34.6%. The elevated preoperative levels of serum CYFRA 21-1 decreased to normal levels after curative operation, whereas the levels remained abnormally high after noncurative operation. There was a significantly high frequency of recurrence in patients with elevated levels of serum CYFRA 21-1 preoperatively compared to those with normal levels of the marker preoperatively. The serum CYFRA 21-1 levels were well correlated with response to chemotherapy. The positive rate of serum CYFRA 21-1 alone was higher than that of an assay combining CEA with CA 15-3, in both primary and recurrent cases (28.8 vs 18.8 and 84.6 vs 46.2%, respectively). These observations suggest that serum CYFRA 21-1 may be a reliable marker of recurrence or therapeutic efficacy.     

Clinical Evaluation of Tumor Markers for Diagnosis in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer in China

Background: To evaluate the value of combined detection of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), and carbohydrateantigen 125 (CA125) for the clinical diagnosis of nonsmallcell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 were assessed in140 patients with NSCLC, 90 patients with benign lung disease and 90 normal control subjects, and differencesof expression were compared in each group, and joint effects of these tumor markers in the diagnosis of NSCLCwere analyzed. Results: Serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 and CA125 in patients with NSCLC were significantly higherthan those with benign lung disease and normal controls (P<0.05). The sensitivity of CEA, CYFRA21-1 andCA125 were 49.45%, 59.67%, and 44.87% respectively. As expected, combinations of these tumor markersimproved their sensitivity for NSCLC. The combined detection of CEA + CYFRA21-1 was the most cost-effectivecombination which had higher sensitivity and specificity in NSCLC. Elevation of serum CEA and CYFRA21-1was significantly associated with pathological types (P<0.05) and elevation of serum CEA, CYFRA21-1 andCA125 was significantly associated with TNM staging (P<0.05). Conclusions: Single measurement of CEA,CYFRA21-1 and CA125 is of diagnostic value in the diagnosis of lung cancer, and a joint detection of these threetumor markers, could greatly improve the sensitivity of diagnosis on NSCLC. Combined detection of CEA +CYFRA21-1 proved to be the most economic and practical strategy in diagnosis of NSCLC, which can be usedto screen the high-risk group.     

肿瘤标志物CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE、CA125检验在肺癌诊断中的价值

目的:分析肿瘤标志物细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21-1）、鳞状上皮细胞癌抗原（SCC）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、神经特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）以及糖类癌抗原125（CA125）检验在肺癌诊断中的临床应用价值。方法:将2015年11月至2016年11月于我院收治的74例肺癌患者（肺癌组）、74例肺良性肿瘤患者（良性肿瘤组）作为研究对象,同期选择74例到院体检的健康人群作为健康组。三组患者均在空腹状态下抽取4.0 ml静脉血,离心处理后进行实验室检验。对比三组患者中CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125水平的变化情况。结果:肺癌组的CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125水平均高于健康组和良性肿瘤组（P<0.05）。非小细胞肺癌患者的CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA以及CA125水平均高于小细胞肺癌患者。小细胞肺癌患者的NSE水平显著高于非小细胞肺癌患者（P<0.05）。结论:肺癌患者的CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125水平将会显著增高,通过联合检测CYFRA21-1、SCC、CEA、NSE以及CA125能够在一定程度上提高肺癌疾病的诊断准确率,对于肺癌疾病的临床诊断和筛查具有十分重要的作用。     

肿瘤标志物联合检测在良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值

 目的　探讨胸腔积液4种肿瘤标志物联合检测在良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的价值。方法　采用电化学发光免疫法检测126例胸腔积液患者（其中恶性组52例,良性组74例）癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原125（CA125）、糖类抗原15-3（CA15-3）和细胞角蛋白片段19（CYFRA21-1）水平, 并计算上述指标单独和与CEA联合检测在诊断中的敏感度、特异度、准确度和约登指数（YI）。结果　恶性组4种肿瘤标志物水平均明显高于良性组（P＜0.01）。单项检测各种肿瘤标志物的敏感度以CA125最高（90.4 %）,特异度以CYFRA21-1最高（79.7 %）,诊断准确度以CEA和CYFRA21-1最高（71.4 %）,YI以CEA最高（0.41）。联合检测较单项检测敏感度、准确度和YI明显提高,其中CEA、CYFRA21-1和CA15-3三项联合效果最好,敏感度为92.3 %,特异度为78.4 %,准确度为84.1 %,YI值最高为0.71。四项联合敏感度为94.2 %,特异度为75.7 %,准确度为83.3 %,YI值为0.70,与三项联合结果相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论　单项检测的诊断价值有限,CEA、CYFRA21-1和CA15-3三项联合效果最好、最经济,可指导患者恰当选择进一步的侵入性检查手段。     

胸水和血清CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和Pro-GRP联合检测对肺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨联合检测肺癌胸水和血清中癌胚抗原(CEA)、癌抗原125(CA125)、细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)、神经原特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和胃泌素释放肽前体(Pro-GRP)5 种肿瘤标志物水平在肺癌临床诊断中的应用价值,以期提高鉴别良恶性胸水的能力。方法:用电化学发光法检测93例肺癌患者和54例肺炎性疾病患者的血清及胸水标本CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和Pro-GRP水平。结果:癌性胸水组中CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和Pro-GRP 5种肿瘤标志物平均水平与炎性胸水组比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05);癌性胸水组中CEA、CYFRA21-1、CA125的含量远远高于炎性胸水组（20~600倍）(P<0.01)。肺癌胸水组中CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和Pro-GRP 5种肿瘤标志物水平与肺癌血清组比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肺癌胸水组中CEA、CYFRA21-1、CA125的含量远远高于肺癌血清组（7~80倍）(P<0.01),相比与正常对照组更是有200倍以上的增高(P<0.01),因此胸水中CEA、CYFRA21-1、CA125百倍左右的升高提示恶性肿瘤的存在。将93例癌性胸水和血清分为腺癌、鳞癌和小细胞癌。腺癌、鳞癌和小细胞癌胸水组中CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和Pro-GRP 5种肿瘤标志物含量明显高于炎性胸水组(P<0.01);腺癌胸水组中CEA含量明显高于鳞癌和小细胞癌(P<0.01);鳞癌胸水组中CYFRA21-1含量明显高于腺癌和小细胞癌(P<0.01);小细胞癌胸水组中NSE和Pro-GRP含量明显高于腺癌和鳞癌(P<0.01)。CA125含量在胸水组中腺癌、鳞癌含量明显高于小细胞癌(P<0.01)。5 种标志物单项及联合检测的灵敏度肺癌胸水组均高于肺癌血清组,肺癌胸水中5项联合检测后灵敏度可达99.11%。结论:肺癌组胸水中CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE和Pro-GRP 5种肿瘤标志物联合检测有利于良恶性胸水的鉴别诊断,联合检测可以提高肺癌诊断的灵敏度,当肿瘤标志物显著升高时,CEA可作为肺腺癌的肿瘤标志物;CYFRA21-1可作为肺鳞癌的肿瘤标志物;NSE和Pro-GRP可作为小细胞癌的肿瘤标志物;CA125可作为非小细胞肺癌的肿瘤标志物。     

C反应蛋白联合4项肿瘤标志物检测肺癌的临床研究

目的:探讨CRP联合4项肿瘤标志物检测肺癌的临床价值。方法:随机选取我院2011年5月-2014年5月收治的50例肺癌患者、40例良性肺部疾病患者和30例健康志愿者为研究对象。取外周血检测CRP、CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、NSE含量。结果:肺癌组和肺良性疾病组CRP和CA125检测结果显著高于健康组,肺癌组CEA、NSE和CYFRA21-1水平显著高于肺良性疾病组和健康组,肺癌组CRP值显著低于肺良性疾病组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肺癌不同病理组织分型中显示腺癌组CEA和CA125水平显著高于小细胞肺癌组和鳞癌组,小细胞肺癌组血清NSE水平显著高于腺癌组和鳞癌组,鳞癌组CYFRA21-1水平显著高于小细胞肺癌组,鳞癌组CA125水平显著低于小细胞肺癌组和腺癌组,差异具有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。患者血清CRP、CEA、CA125、NSE、CYFRA21-1单项检测敏感度均较低,特异性稍高,联合检测结果显示敏感度显著升高,但特异性有所下降。结论:C反应蛋白联合4项肿瘤标志物检测可以提高检测的敏感性,增高阳性检出率。     

CEA、CA125、pro-GRP及CYFRA21-1联合检测诊断肺癌的临床价值

目的 探讨血清癌胚抗原(CEA)、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原(CYFRA21-1)、胃泌素释放肽前体(pro-GRP)及糖类抗原125(CA125)在肺癌患者中的表达情况及其诊断学价值.方法 选取98例肺癌患者为肺癌组,选取30例肺部良性疾病患者为良性组,选取30例健康体检者为健康组,比较3组研究对象的血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125水平并进行分析.结果 肺癌组的血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125水平均明显高于良性组和健康组(P﹤0.01);Ⅰ～Ⅱ期肺癌患者血清中CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125阳性表达率均明显低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期肺癌患者(P﹤0.01);血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125联合检测诊断肺癌的灵敏度、特异度、漏诊率、误诊率分别为82.65％、95.00％、17.35％、5.00％.结论 血清CEA、CYFRA21-1、pro-GRP及CA125联合检测诊断肺癌具有较高的灵敏度和特异度,可为临床诊断及治疗提供参考.     

Evaluation of seven tumour markers in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of malignant effusions

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens 15-3, 19-9 and 72-4 (CA 15-3, CA 19-9 and CA 72-4), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) were evaluated in pleural fluid for the diagnosis of malignant effusions. With a specificity of 99%, determined in a series of 121 benign effusions, the best individual diagnostic sensitivities in the whole series of 215 malignant effusions or in the subgroup of adenocarcinomas were observed with CEA, CA 15-3 and CA 72-4. As expected, a high sensitivity was obtained with SCC in squamous cell carcinomas and with NSE in small-cell lung carcinomas. CYFRA and/or CA 15-3 were frequently increased in mesotheliomas. Discriminant analysis showed that the optimal combination for diagnosis of non-lymphomatous malignant effusions was CEA + CA 15-3 + CYFRA + NSE: sensitivity of 94.4% with an overall specificity of 95%. In malignant effusions with a negative cytology, 83.9% were diagnosed using this association. The association CYFRA + NSE + SCC was able to discriminate adenocarcinomas from small-cell lung cancers. Regarding their sensitivity and their complementarity, CEA, CA 15-3, CYFRA 21-1, NSE and SCC appear to be very useful to improve the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions.     

Clinical Utility of Haptoglobin in Combination with CEA,NSE and CYFRA21-1 for Diagnosis of Lung Cancer

Purpose: To investigate the clinical value in lung cancer of a combination of four serum tumor markers,haptoglobin (Hp), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE) as well as the cytokeratin 19fragment (CYFRA21-1). Materials and Methods: Serum Hp (with immune-turbidimetric method), CEA, NSE,CYFRA21-1 (with chemiluminescence method) level were assessed in 193 patients with lung cancer, 87 patientswith benign lung disease and 150 healthy controls. Differences of expression were compared among groups,and joint effects of these tumor markers for the diagnosis of lung cancer were analyzed. Results: Serum tumormarker levels in patients with lung cancer were obviously higher than those with benign lung disease and normalcontrols (p<0.01). The sensitivities of Hp, CEA, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were 43.5%, 40.9%, 23.3% and 41.5%,with specificities of 90.7%, 99.2%, 97.9% and 97.9%. Four tumor markers combined together could produce apositive detection rate of 85.0%, significantly higher than that of any single test. With squamous carcinomas, thepositive detection rates with Hp and CYFRA21-1 were higher than that of other markers. In the adenocarcinomacase , the positive detection rate of CEA was higher than that of other markers. For small cell carcinomas, thepositive detection rate of NSE was highest. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC) ofHp in squamous carcinoma (0.805) was higher than in adenocarcinoma (0.664) and small cell carcinoma (0.665).Conclusions: Hp can be used as a new serum tumor marker for lung cancer. Combination detection of Hp, CEA,NSE and CYFRA21-1 could significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of lung cancer, andcould be useful for pathological typing.     

CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1联合检测在肺癌诊断中的价值

[目的]了解血清肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原(CEA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和细胞角蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)在肺癌诊断中的应用价值.[方法]应用电化学发光技术测定58例肺癌患者,34例肺良性疾病患者和31例正常对照者血清CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1水平.[结果]肺癌组CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1水平明显高于肺良性疾病组和对照组(P<0.01).CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1对肺癌的敏感度分别为51.7%、56.9%、55.2%.NSE对小细胞肺癌敏感度为82.6%,CYFRA21-1对肺鳞癌敏感度为83.3%.三者联合检测对肺癌敏感度为93.1%.[结论]血清CEA、NSE、CYFRA21-1联合检测对肺癌的诊断及分型有价值.     

肿瘤分子标志物联合动态检测在肺癌中的临床应用

目的 研究肿瘤分子标忐物癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原（CA125）、细胞角蛋白19片段抗原21-1（CYFRA21-1）、鳞状上皮癌抗原（Scc-Ag）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、胃泌素释放肽前体31-98（Pro-GRP31-98）联合动态检测在肺癌诊断、临床分期、组织学分型及治疗监控中的临床应用价值.方法 对198例肺癌患者（肺癌组）、50例肺部良性病变患者（良性对照组）及50名健康体检者（健康对照组）采用电化学发光法检测血清CEA、CA 125、CYFRA21-1、Scc-Ag、NSE,酶联免疫法检测Pro-GRP31-98水平,分析肿瘤分子标志物与肺部良恶性疾患的相关性.结果 肺癌组患者血清CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、Scc-Ag、NSE、Pro-GRP31-98水平与肺部良性病变组及健康对照组比较差异有统计学意义,P＜ 0.01;肺癌高分期（Ⅲ、Ⅳ期）组血清肿瘤分子标志物水平明显高于肺癌低分期（Ⅰ、Ⅱ期）组,治疗前、淋巴结转移组、复发组与治疗后、无转移组、无复发组比较血清肿瘤标志物水平明显增高,组间分别比较差异有统计学意义,均P＜ 0.01;CEA、CA125分别对肺腺癌的阳性榆出率与鳞状细胞癌、小细胞癌比较差异有统计学意义,P＜ 0.01;CYFRA21-1、Scc-Ag分别对肺鳞状细胞癌的阳性检出率与腺癌、小细胞癌比较差异有统计学意义,P＜ 0.01;NSE、Pro-GRP31-98分别对肺小细胞癌的阳性检出率与腺癌、鳞状细胞癌比较差异有统计学意义,P＜ 0.01;CEA联合CA125、CYFRA21-1联合Scc-Ag、NSE联合Pro-GRP31-98检测分别对肺腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、小细胞癌阳性检出率较单项检测比较明显提高,均P＜ 0.01;CEA、CA125、CYFRA21-1、Scc-Ag、NSE、Pro-GRP31-98诊断肺癌的敏感性分别为52.52％、51.01％、48.99％、53.03％、49.49％、50.50％,六项肿瘤标志物联合检测诊断肺癌的敏感性高达96.46％,与各单项检测比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 肿瘤分子标志物CEA、CA125、CYF     

Serum level of cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1) indicates tumour stage and prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus

To determine the clinical efficacy of serum concentration of cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), sera from 66 patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma were examined, and 54 surgically resected specimens were immunohistochemically stained for cytokeratin 19 (CK-19). The patients with positive CK-19 staining in the tissues of their carcinomas had significantly higher serum CYFRA 21-1 levels compared with those with negative CK-19 staining. When the cut-off value was defined as 2.0 ng/mL, CYFRA 21-1 had a higher positive ratio than that of either squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Serum CYFRA 21-1 level increased significantly along with the clinical stages. In addition, serum CYFRA 21-1 level served as a prognostic factor for patients with oesophageal carcinoma after surgery, whilst SSC-Ag and CEA is not connected with the outcome. These findings suggest that the serum CYFRA 21-1 probably originated from the tumour tissue is an important marker for determining the stage and outcome of oesophageal carcinoma.     

Diagnostic value of CYFRA 21-1, CEA, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, and CA 125 assays in pleural effusions: analysis of 116 cases and review of the literature

Levels of tumor markers in pleural effusions may help to establish the diagnosis of pleural malignancy, but the precise diagnostic value of each marker remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of five common pleural fluid tumor markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment (CYFRA) 21-1, cancer antigen (CA) 15-3, CA 19-9, and CA 125, and to review the literature from the past 15 years. Pleural fluid samples were collected prospectively from 116 patients and assayed for CEA, CYFRA 21-1, CA 15-3, CA 19-9, and CA 125 levels. A MEDLINE search of the English-language literature from the past 15 years was also done. Effusions were classified as benign or malignant on the basis of their definitive pathologic or cytologic diagnoses. The levels of all pleural tumor markers were statistically significantly higher in the malignant group than in the benign group. The marker with the highest accuracy was CEA (85.3%); CA 15-3, CYFRA 21-1, and CA 19-9 had similar accuracies (75.2%, 72.4%, and 71.5%, respectively), and CA 125 had the lowest accuracy (40.5%). On univariate analysis, tumor-marker combinations did not result in a greater accuracy than that of CEA alone. On multivariate logistic regression, CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 were significant predictors of malignancy. Among the nine reports in the literature comparing 11 different tumor markers, CEA, CA 15-3, and CYFRA 21-1 yielded the best results. We conclude that pleural fluid analysis should include CEA for the diagnosis of malignancy. CA 15-3 and CYFRA 21-1 may serve as alternative options.     

喉癌患者血清中SCCAg、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4和CYFRA21-1的检测及意义

目的 分析肿瘤标志物鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(SCCAg)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原19-9(CA19-9)、糖类抗原72-4(CA72-4)和细胞角化素蛋白19片段(CYFRA21-1)在喉癌患者血清中的表达及意义.方法 以接受手术治疗的喉癌患者112例为研究对象,设为观察组,另抽取50例健康体检者为对照组,比较两组患者血清中肿瘤标志物的水平.结果 观察组喉癌患者术前血清中的SCCAg、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4、CYFRA21-1水平,均显著高于对照组和术后(P<0.05);高～中分化喉癌患者血清肿瘤标志物水平显著低于低分化者(P<0.05);TNM分期Ⅰ～Ⅱ期者血清肿瘤标志物水平显著低于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期者(P<0.05);血清肿瘤标志物SCCAg、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4、CYFRA21-1中,CYFRA21-1敏感度最高,其次为SCCAg、CEA,CA19-9最低;CA19-9特异度最高,其次为CA72-4、CEA,CYFRA21-1最低;SCCAg+ CYFRA21-1两项联合检测与五项联合检测的敏感度均显著高于单项检测,特异度低于单项检测(P<0.05),五项联合检测的敏感度高于SCCAg+ CYFRA21-1两项联合检测,特异度低于两项联合检测,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 血清肿瘤标志物SCCAg、CEA、CA19-9、CA72-4、CYFRA21-1检测在喉癌患者的早期辅助诊断中具有一定的价值,其中CYFRA21-1和SCCAg的诊断价值最高.     

Clinical Observations on the Association Between Diagnosis of Lung Cancer and Serum Tumor Markers in Combination

Objective: To evaluate the association of a diagnosis of lung cancer and combined detection of serumcarcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrateantigen 19-9 (CA19-9), neuron specific enolase (NSE) as well asthe cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1). Methods: Serum CEA, CA19-9, NSE and CYFRA21-1 were assessedin 150 patients with lung cancer, 100 patients with benign lung disease and 100 normal control subjects, anddifferences of expression were compared in each group, and joint effects of these tumor markers in the diagnosisof lung cancer were analyzed. Results: Serum CEA, CA19-9, NSE and CYFRA21-1 in patients with lung cancerwere significantly higher than those with benign lung disease and normal controls (p<0.01). It is suggested thatthese four tumor markers combined together could produce a positive detection rate of 90.2%, significantlyhigher than that of any single test. Conclusion: Combination detection of CEA, CA19-9, NSE and CYFRA21-1could significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of lung cancer, and could be important inearly detection.     

Serum cytokeratin-19 measured by cyfra21-1 assay in patients with gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancy

The serum fragment of cytokeratin 19 was measured in 130 patients with gastrointestinal, breast and gynecologic cancer and 62 patients with benign disease using CYFRA21-1 immunoradiometric assay. Patients with advanced cancer showed the highest level of serum CYFRA21-1. When the cut-off level was set at 2 ng/ml, 7 of 61 patients with earlier stage cancer were positive whereas 45 of 69 patients with advanced cancer had serum CYFRA21-1 levels over 2 ng/ml. In benign gastrointestinal and gynecologic diseases, 4 of 66 patients were positive. Retrospective evaluation revealed a good correlation between the serum CYFRA21-1 concentration and clinical course. CYFRA21-1 may be a useful tumor marker for monitoring of gastrointestinal and gynecologic malignancies.     

Clinical significance of serum CYFRA 21-1 in gastric cancer.

We studied the clinical significance of the soluble cytokeratin 19 fragment detected with monoclonal antibody CYFRA 21-1 in the sera of patients with histologically proven gastric cancer. Sera of 110 patients with gastric cancer were analysed for CYFRA 21-1 levels by a two-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay. There were no significant differences between CYFRA 21-1 levels and the histotype, depth of invasion or vessel invasion. However, CYFRA 21-1 was significantly higher in the presence of peritoneal metastases, liver metastases and extensive nodal involvement. When the positive cut-off value was defined as 5 ng ml-1, the CYFRA 21-1 in the stage IV and recurrent cases was 55.6% and 66.7%, respectively, which was as high as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and greater than carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9). The positivities in stage I/II and III were zero and 5.9%, respectively, and false-positive rate in 76 patients with benign gastrointestinal disorders was 2.6%. There appeared to be no correlation between CYFRA 21-1 and CEA or CA 19-9. The patients with above 5 n ml-1 of CYFRA 21-1 had a significantly poorer prognosis. Multivariate analysis indicated that CYFRA 21-1 was an independent prognostic factor, while CEA and CA 19-9 failed to be of prognostic value. In conclusion, CYFRA 21-1 is a reliable tumour marker for gastic cancer in predicting very advanced cases, recurrence of the disease and overall poor prognosis.     

血清TSGF、CYFRA21-1、CA50、CEA测定的肿瘤诊断价值

目的：探讨恶性肿瘤特异性生长因子（TSGF）、细胞角蛋白19片段（CYFRA21－1）、糖链抗原（CA50）、癌胚抗原（CEA）测定和四项联检在恶性肿瘤诊断中的价值。方法：采用生化或放免分析法等239例恶性肿瘤病人血清TSGF、CYFRA21－1、CA50、CEA含量，与对照组相比较，并分析结果。结果 恶性肿瘤组的血清TSCF、CYFRA21－1，CA50、CEA含量明显高于对照组，差异有显著性（P＜0．05）；TSGF、CYFRA21－1、CA50、CEA测定的阳性率分别为53．6％、29．7％、8．0％、8．0％，除CA50与CEA无差别外，其他各组间的差异有高度差异性（P＜0．001）；四项联检的阳性率明显提高。结论 联合检测血清TSGF、CYFRA21－1、CA50、CEA含量能提高恶性肿瘤诊断的阳性率，而TSGF和CYFRA21－1测定在肿瘤普查中具有一定的价值。