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1.
Yukiyoshi Okauchi Hiromi Iwahashi Kohei Okita Tohru Funahashi Ken Kishida Midori Noguchi Tetsuya Ohira Tadashi Nakamura Akihisa Imagawa Iichiro Shimomura 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2013,4(5):454-459
Aims/Introduction
The aim of the present study was to determine whether weight reduction is associated with improvement of glycemic control in non‐obese and obese subjects with or without visceral fat accumulation, whose hemoglobin A1c (A1C) is 5.6–6.4%.Materials and Methods
A total of 798 male subjects whose A1C levels were between 5.6% and 6.4% were divided into subgroups based on body mass index (BMI) and/or estimated visceral fat area (eVFA), and were analyzed with respect to the relationships between 1‐year changes in BMI (ΔBMI) and A1C (ΔA1C).Results
In both the BMI ≥25 and BMI <25 groups, ΔA1C correlated positively with ΔBMI (BMI ≥25 (n = 321): r = 0.236, P < 0.0001; BMI <25 (n = 477): r = 0.095, P = 0.0387) although the r‐value was very small for the latter group. In addition, for the group with eVFA ≥100 cm2 (n = 436), ΔA1C correlated positively with ΔeVFA (r = 0.150, P = 0.0017), but this correlation was not found for the eVFA <100 cm2 group (n = 339, P = 0.3505). Furthermore, ΔA1C positively correlated with ΔBMI for the groups in BMI ≥25 with eVFA >100 cm2 (n = 293, r = 0.256, P < 0.0001) and BMI <25 with eVFA ≥100 cm2 (n = 145, r = 0.250, P = 0.0024), but not for the groups in BMI ≥25 with eVFA <100 cm2 (n = 28, P = 0.6401) nor BMI <25 with eVFA <100 cm2 (n = 332, P = 0.6605).Conclusions
These results suggest that the assessment of visceral fat, rather than BMI, might be more important in identifying subjects in whom lifestyle intervention aiming at weight reduction could be effective to prevent diabetes. This trial was registered with University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (no. UMIN 000002391). 相似文献2.
Hitoshi Sugihara Mototsugu Nagao Taro Harada Yasushi Nakajima Kyoko Tanimura‐Inagaki Fumitaka Okajima Hideki Tamura Takeshi Inazawa Takatoshi Otonari Masanobu Kawakami Shinichi Oikawa 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(2):206-212
Aims/Introduction
α‐Glucosidase inhibitors (αGIs) are widely used for the primary treatment of type 2 diabetes. We compared the clinical effects of three αGIs (miglitol, acarbose and voglibose) in patients with obese type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods
Japanese patients (n = 81) with obese type 2 diabetes (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2) were enrolled in this multicenter, open‐label study. The participants were randomized into the miglitol (n = 18), acarbose (n = 22), voglibose (n = 19) or control (n = 22) groups. Glycemic control (fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]), bodyweight, BMI, serum insulin, serum lipids (low‐density lipoprotein and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triacylglycerols) and adipocytokines (leptin and adiponectin) were evaluated every 4 weeks for 12 weeks.Results
In the miglitol group, HbA1c was improved significantly from the baseline at all points. The changes in HbA1c at 8 and 12 weeks from baseline were greater in the miglitol group than the control group. The voglibose group showed significant improvements in HbA1c at 12 weeks. Bodyweight and BMI were decreased significantly in the miglitol group. In addition, significant correlations were observed between the decrements in HbA1c and bodyweights over 12 weeks in the miglitol (r = 0.759, P < 0.001) and voglibose groups (r = 0.667, P = 0.002). Serum lipid and adipocytokine levels were not altered in any groups.Conclusions
αGIs, especially miglitol, can effectively control blood glucose and bodyweight in obese type 2 diabetes. This study was registered with UMIN (no. UMIN000006465). 相似文献3.
Dae Won Jun Young Hwan Hwang Wook‐Ha Park Youngmi Kim Pak Hong Kyu Lee 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2013,4(5):483-491
Aims/Introduction
Evidence is emerging that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is a risk factor for obesity‐related diseases and for diabetes mellitus (DM). We found that POPs could be measured by a cell‐based arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR)‐dependent reporter assay. We tested if serum AhR transactivating (AHRT) activities are a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in people with type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods
We enrolled diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (n = 36), microalbuminuria (n = 29), macroalbuminuria (n = 8) and end‐stage renal disease (n = 31). Sera were tested for their AHRT activities, which were standardized by an AhR ligand, 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) and expressed as TCDD equivalents (TCDDeq pmol/L).Results
Mean serum AHRT activities were higher in patients with microalbuminuria (40.1 ± 7.1 pmol/L), macroalbuminuria (37.4 ± 5.5 pmol/L) and end‐stage renal disease (59.1 ± 20.0 pmol/L) than in subjects with normoalbuminuria (12.7 ± 5.4 pmol/L; P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Serum AhR ligands showed a correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; r = −0.663, P < 0.001), serum creatinine level (r = 0.635, P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.223, P = 0.026), glycated hemoglobim (r = 0.339, P < 0.001) and diabetic duration (r = 0.394, P < 0.001). In a multiple regression analysis, diabetic nephropathy was found to be an independent risk factor for higher AHRT activity after controlling for the confounding factors.Conclusions
The present findings suggest serum AHRT activity, thus serum AhR ligands, is a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy. Further studies are required to clarify if an accumulation of POPs in the body is causally related to diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献4.
Sunghwan Suh Hyung‐Doo Park Sang‐Man Jin Hye Jeong Kim Ji Cheol Bae So Young Park Mi Kyoung Park Duk Kyu Kim Nam H Cho Moon‐Kyu Lee 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2013,4(6):546-551
Aims/Introduction
Small dense low‐density lipoprotein (sdLDL) has been suggested to be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).Materials and Methods
We carried out a prospective nested case–control study in the Korean Health and Genome Study. Participants were men and women aged 40–69 years who developed CVD (n = 313), and were matched by age and sex to controls who remained free of CVD (n = 313) during the 8‐years follow‐up period (from 2001 to 2009). LDL subfractions were analyzed in frozen samples collected from the 626 participants using polyacrylamide tube gel electrophoresis.Results
Patients with CVD had a significantly higher glycated hemoglobin level compared with the controls (5.72 vs 5.56). The proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) was higher in those who developed CVD during follow up (8.0% vs 1.9%). The frequency of CVD according to each tertile of LDL particle size and the number of metabolic syndrome components did not differ significantly. In the multivariate analysis, DM (odds ratio 4.244, 95% confidence interval 1.693–10.640, P = 0.002) was the only independent predictive factor of CVD. LDL particle size was not associated with the risk for future CVD.Conclusions
Small dense LDL might not be a significant predictor of CVD in this Korean community‐based prospective cohort study. 相似文献5.
Kohei Okita Hiromi Iwahashi Junji Kozawa Yukiyoshi Okauchi Tohru Funahashi Akihisa Imagawa Iichiro Shimomura 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(3):305-312
Aims/Introduction
To establish the validity of the plasma glucose disappearance rate (KITT), derived from an insulin‐tolerance test (ITT), for evaluating the insulin sensitivity of patients with type 2 diabetes after insulin therapy.Materials and Methods
In the first arm of the study, 19 patients with poorly controlled diabetes were treated with insulin and underwent an ITT and a euglycemic clamp test (clamp‐IR). The relationship between the insulin resistance index, as assessed by both the clamp‐IR and KITT tests, was examined. In the second arm of the study, the relationships between KITT values and various clinical parameters were investigated in 135 patients with poorly controlled diabetes, after achieving glycemic control with insulin.Results
In study 1, a close correlation between KITT and the average glucose infusion rate during the last 30 min of the standard clamp‐IR test (M‐value) was noted (P < 0.001). In study 2, body mass index (P = 0.0011), waist circumference (P = 0.0004), visceral fat area (P = 0.0011) and the log‐transformed homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance value (P = 0.0003) were negatively correlated with the log‐transformed KITT. High‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0183), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0121) and adiponectin (P = 0.0384) levels were positively correlated with the log‐transformed KITT.Conclusions
The ITT is a valid and useful test for evaluating the insulin sensitivity of patients with diabetes, even after treatment with insulin. 相似文献6.
Miho Murata Hiroyuki Tamemoto Taeko Otani Sachimi Jinbo Nahoko Ikeda Masanobu Kawakami San‐e Ishikawa 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2012,3(6):526-533
Aims/Introduction
The present study was undertaken to determine vascular endothelial impairment and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction (ED).Materials and Methods
A total of 100 type 2 diabetic men were enrolled. Flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) and anaerobic threshold (AT) were measured. Also, EPCs in the peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry.Results
In the 42 ED diabetic patients, FMD and AT were significantly less than those in the 58 patients with normal erectile function (FMD 2.84 vs 3.82%, P = 0.038, and AT 11.2 vs 12.7 mL/kg/min, P = 0.022). Exercise tolerance significantly increased the number of EPCs in the patients with and without ED (49–60 cells/100 μL, P = 0.015, and 72–99 cells/100 μL, P = 0.003). In the diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy, FMD was significantly reduced in the patients with ED than those without ED (P = 0.015). In response to exercise tolerance, the number of EPCs increased in both the diabetic patients with ED (P = 0.003) and without ED (P = 0.007). In contrast, in the diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, there was no difference in FMD between the patients with and without ED. The exercise tolerance increased the number of EPCs in the patients without ED (P = 0.023), but it disappeared in those with ED.Conclusions
ED diabetic patients have endothelial impairment during the early period of diabetic complications, whose deranged endothelial function is concomitantly repaired by promoting bone marrow‐derived EPCs. 相似文献7.
Gian Piero Carnevale Schianca Gian Paolo Fra Marcello Bigliocca Roberto Mella Luca Rossi Ettore Bartoli 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(5):533-538
Aims/Introduction
The conventional oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) cannot detect future diabetics among isolated impaired fasting glucose (is‐IFG) nor normal glucose tolerant (NGT) groups. By analyzing the relationship between fasting (FPG) and 2‐h plasma glucose (2hPG), the present study identifies is‐IFG subjects liable to worsening glucose homeostasis.Materials and Methods
Oral glucose tolerance test was carried out in 619 patients suffering from obesity, hypertension or dyslipidemia, whose FPG was in the 100–125 mg/dL range. We calculated the percentage increment of 2hPG with respect to FPG (PG%) in these patients using the formula: ([2hPG − FPG] / FPG) × 100. Differences in β‐cell function within is‐IFG patients were assessed by estimated insulin sensitivity index (EISI), first‐phase insulin release (1stPH) and 1stPH/1/EISI (1stPHcorrected).Results
Diabetes was diagnosed in 69 patients (11.2%), combined IFG/impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 185 patients (29.9%) and is‐IFG in 365 patients (58.9%). Is‐IFG was subdivided into PG% tertile groups: the percentage of females increased from 25% in the lowest to 45.2% in the highest tertile (χ2 = 18.7, P < 0.001). Moving from the lowest to the highest PG% tertile group, insulin and 2hPG concentrations rose, whereas FPG, EISI, and 1stPHcorrected decreased progressively and significantly. Furthemore, PG% correlated inversely with EISI (r = −0.44, P < 0.0001) and 1stPHcorrected (r = −0.38, P < 0.0001).Conclusions
Oral glucose tolerance test does differentiate the great heterogeneity in metabolic disorders of patients with FPG 100–125 mg/dL. Furthermore, PG% can expand the diagnostic power of OGTT in the is‐IFG range by distinguishing metabolic phenotypes very likely to herald different clinical risks. 相似文献8.
Correlations of serum visfatin and metabolisms of glucose and lipid in women with gestational diabetes mellitus 下载免费PDF全文
Zhaoxia Liang Ying Wu Jianyun Xu Qin Fang Danqing Chen 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2016,7(2):247-252
Aims/Introduction
Visfatin is a newly discovered adipocytokine hormone, which exerts an insulin‐like effect by binding to the insulin receptor‐1. However, the role of visfatin in human gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains controversial. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between serum visfatin and metabolism of glucose and lipid in GDM.Materials and Methods
This was a prospective study. A total of 38 GDM patients and 35 age‐ and body mass index‐matched controls were studied between January 2012 and October 2013. Fasting serum levels of visfatin, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c and lipid profile were measured. Two‐tailed t‐tests and Pearson''s correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.Results
Perinatal visfatin levels were negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance index and triglycerides in controls (r = −0.47, −0.51, −0.57, respectively; P < 0.05), and positively correlated with high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.32, P < 0.05). A positive correlation with visfatin level only appeared in weight gain and body mass index in women with GDM (r = 0.36, 0.45, respectively; P < 0.05).Conclusions
Visfatin appears to be involved in glucose and lipid metabolism regulation and insulin resistance, suggesting a role in GDM pathogenesis. 相似文献9.
Katarzyna Kusińska Karolina Bukowska‐Strakova Przemysław Witek Teresa Koblik Alicja Józkowicz Józef Dulak 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(1):99-107
Aims/Introduction
Type 2 diabetes is often complicated by diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). We analyzed the circulating stem cells, growth factor and anti‐oxidant gene expression profiles in type 2 diabetes patients without or with different forms of DFS.Materials and Methods
Healthy volunteers (n = 13) and type 2 diabetes patients: (i) without DFS (n = 10); or with (ii) Charcot osteoneuropathy (n = 10); (iii) non‐infected (n = 17); (iv) infected (n = 11); and (v) healed ulceration were examined (n = 12). Peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and very small embryonic‐like (VSEL) cells were phenotyped using flow cytometry. Plasma cytokine concentrations and gene expressions in blood cells were measured by Luminex and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assays, respectively.Results
Patients with non‐complicated type 2 diabetes showed reduced HMOX1 expression, accompanied by HMOX2 upregulation, and had less circulating EPC, MSC or HSC than healthy subjects. In contrast, VSEL cells were elevated in the type 2 diabetes group. However, subjects with DFS, even with healed ulceration, had fewer VSEL cells, more CD45‐CD29+CD90+MSC, and upregulated HMOX1 when compared with the type 2 diabetes group. Patients with Charcot osteopathy had lowered plasma fibroblast growth factor‐2. Elevated plasma tumor necrosis factor‐α and decreased catalase expression was found in all diabetic patients.Conclusions
Patients with type 2 diabetes and different forms of DFS have an altered number of circulating stem cells. Type 2 diabetes might also be associated with a changed plasma growth factor and anti‐oxidant gene expression profile. Altogether, these factors could contribute to the pathogenesis of different forms of DFS. 相似文献10.
Minako Imamura Minoru Iwata Hiroshi Maegawa Hirotaka Watada Hiroshi Hirose Yasushi Tanaka Kazuyuki Tobe Kohei Kaku Atsunori Kashiwagi Takashi Kadowaki Ryuzo Kawamori Shiro Maeda 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2013,4(2):168-173
Aims/Introduction
Genetic risk variants for type 2 diabetes; rs391300‐G in SRR and rs17584499‐T in PTPRD, have been identified by a genome‐wide association study using Han Chinese individuals living in Taiwan. In an attempt to know the effects of these two variants in conferring susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the Japanese, we carried out a replication study for the association of the two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with type 2 diabetes in a Japanese population.Materials and Methods
We genotyped 11,530 Japanese individuals (8,552 type 2 diabetes patients and 2,978 controls) for rs391300 and rs17584499, and analyzed the association of these two SNPs with type 2 diabetes by logistic regression analysis.Results
Neither of the variants was associated with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the Japanese population (rs391300‐G: odds ratio [OR] = 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.04; P = 0.44; rs17584499‐T: OR = 1.04; 95% CI 0.96–1.14; P = 0.34). Adjustment or stratified analysis for age, sex and body mass index (BMI) did not affect the association of these variants with the disease. We did not observe a significant association of the SNPs with any metabolic traits, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, homeostasis model assessment of β‐cell function (HOMA‐β) and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) (P > 0.05).Conclusions
Neither rs391300 nor rs17584499 had a significant effect on conferring susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in the Japanese population. 相似文献11.
Yuichi Sato Shimpei Fujimoto Eri Mukai Hiroki Sato Yumiko Tahara Kasane Ogura Gen Yamano Masahito Ogura Kazuaki Nagashima Nobuya Inagaki 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(1):19-26
Aims/Introduction
Chronic hyperlipidemia impairs pancreatic β‐cell function, referred to as lipotoxicity. We have reported an important role of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction by activation of Src, a non‐receptor tyrosine kinase, in impaired glucose‐induced insulin secretion (GIIS) from diabetic rat islets. In the present study, we investigated the role of ROS production by Src signaling in palmitate‐induced dysfunction of β‐cells.Materials and Methods
After rat insulinoma INS‐1D cells were exposed to 0.6 mmol/L palmitate for 24 h (palmitate exposure); GIIS, ROS production and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) activity were examined with or without exposure to10 μmol/L 4‐amino‐5‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐7‐(t‐butyl)pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidine (PP2), a Src inhibitior, for 30 or 60 min.Results
Exposure to PP2 recovered impaired GIIS and decreased ROS overproduction as a result of palmitate exposure. Palmitate exposure increased activity of NOX and protein levels of NOX2, a pathological ROS source in β‐cells. Palmitate exposure increased the protein level of p47phox, a regulatory protein of NOX2, in membrane fraction compared with control, which was reduced by PP2. Transfection of small interfering ribonucleic acid of p47phox suppressed the augmented p47phox protein level in membrane fraction, decreased augmented ROS production and increased impaired GΙIS by palmitate exposure. In addition, exposure to PP2 ameliorated impaired GIIS and decreased ROS production in isolated islets of KK‐Ay mice, an obese diabetic model with hyperlipidemia.Conclusions
Activation of NOX through Src signaling plays an important role in ROS overproduction and impaired GΙIS caused by chronic exposure to palmitate, suggesting a lipotoxic mechanism of β‐cell dysfunction of obese mice. 相似文献12.
Expression profiling analysis: Uncoupling protein 2 deficiency improves hepatic glucose,lipid profiles and insulin sensitivity in high‐fat diet‐fed mice by modulating expression of genes in peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor signaling pathway 下载免费PDF全文
Aims/Introduction
Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), which was an important mitochondrial inner membrane protein associated with glucose and lipid metabolism, widely expresses in all kinds of tissues including hepatocytes. The present study aimed to explore the impact of UCP2 deficiency on glucose and lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity and its effect on the liver‐associated signaling pathway by expression profiling analysis.Materials and Methods
Four‐week‐old male UCP2−/− mice and UCP2+/+ mice were randomly assigned to four groups: UCP2−/− on a high‐fat diet, UCP2−/− on a normal chow diet, UCP2+/+ on a high‐fat diet and UCP2+/+ on a normal chow diet. The differentially expressed genes in the four groups on the 16th week were identified by Affymetrix gene array.Results
The results of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance showed that blood glucose and β‐cell function were improved in the UCP2−/− group on high‐fat diet. Enhanced insulin sensitivity was observed in the UCP2−/− group. The differentially expressed genes were mapped to 23 pathways (P < 0.05). We concentrated on the ‘peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway’ (P = 3.19 × 10−11), because it is closely associated with the regulation of glucose and lipid profiles. In the PPAR signaling pathway, seven genes (PPARγ, Dbi, Acsl3, Lpl, Me1, Scd1, Fads2) in the UCP2−/− mice were significantly upregulated.Conclusions
The present study used gene arrays to show that activity of the PPAR signaling pathway involved in the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver of UCP2‐deficient mice on a long‐term high‐fat diet. The upregulation of genes in the PPAR signaling pathway could explain our finding that UCP2 deficiency ameliorated insulin sensitivity. The manipulation of UCP2 protein expression could represent a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. 相似文献13.
Akihiko Nakamura Kenichi Shikata Tatsuaki Nakatou Takuya Kitamura Nobuo Kajitani Daisuke Ogawa Hirofumi Makino 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2013,4(2):195-201
Aims/Introduction
Recent studies have pointed to the effectiveness of combination therapy with an angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) for diabetic nephropathy. However, some controversy over this combination treatment remains and the mechanisms underlying its renoprotective effects have not been fully clarified. Therefore, we compared the renoprotective effects of imidapril (ACEI) and losartan (ARB) combination therapy with losartan monotherapy in patients with diabetic nephropathy. We also compared the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative stress effects of these two treatments.Materials and Methods
A total of 32 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy were enrolled. Patients were randomized to either 100 mg/day losartan (n = 16) or 50 mg/day losartan plus 5 mg/day imidapril (n = 16). We evaluated clinical parameters, serum concentrations of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1), interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) and monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and the urinary concentrations of IL‐18, MCP‐1 and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) at 24 and 48 weeks after starting treatment.Results
Blood pressure was not significantly different between the two groups. The serum levels of hs‐CRP, sICAM‐1 and IL‐18, as well as urinary excretion of albumin, IL‐18 and 8‐OHdG decreased significantly in the combination therapy group at 48 weeks. The percent decreases in serum IL‐18 concentrations and urinary IL‐18 and 8‐OHdG were significantly greater in the combination therapy group than in the monotherapy group.Conclusions
Combination therapy with an ACEI and an ARB could be beneficial for treating diabetic nephropathy through its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative stress effects. 相似文献14.
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Hyun Ho Kim Yun Jin Kim Sang Yeoup Lee Dong Wook Jeong Jeong Gyu Lee Yu Hyone Yi Young Hye Cho Eun Jung Choi Hyun Jun Kim 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(2):242-247
Aims/Introduction
The interactive effects of resistance training and dietary protein on hormonal responses in adults are not clear and remain controversial. We tested the effect of an isocaloric high‐protein diet on body composition, ghrelin, and metabolic and hormonal parameters during a 12‐week resistance training program in untrained healthy young men.Material and Methods
We randomized 18 healthy young men to a standard diet (ST group) or an isocaloric high protein diet (HP group). Both groups participated in a 12‐week resistance exercise program. We measured body composition, lipid profile, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) indices, total ghrelin, and exercise‐related hormones at baseline and 12 weeks.Results
In the HP group, lean body mass (LBM), total ghrelin, growth hormone, testosterone and cortisol levels showed an increase, whereas body fat percentage and HOMA‐IR showed a decrease at 12 weeks, compared with baseline (P ≤ 0.05). In the ST group, no changes in these parameters were observed during the 12‐week period. During the 12‐week period, significant differences in the pattern of change of LBM (P = 0.032), total ghrelin (P = 0.037), HOMA‐IR (P = 0.040) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.011) over time were observed between the groups.Conclusions
The findings of the present study suggest that an isocaloric high‐protein diet can ameliorate body composition, metabolic profiles and energy metabolism during a 12‐week scheduled resistance training program in untrained healthy young men. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT01714700). 相似文献17.
Chan‐Hee Jung Bo‐Yeon Kim Ji‐Oh Mok Sung‐Koo Kang Chul‐Hee Kim 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(3):333-339
Aims/Introduction
It is thought that adipocytokines contribute to the increased risk of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes. However, there is still limited information on the relationship between microangiopathies and adipocytokines, such as adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods
The present study examined the relationship between fasting serum adiponectin, leptin, and TNF‐α levels and microangiopathies in Korean type 2 diabetes. A total of 153 patients were recruited and evaluated for diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. Serum adiponectin, TNF‐α and leptin levels were measured.Results
Serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower in patients with nephropathy than in those without nephropathy (P = 0.017), and were significantly higher in patients with retinopathy or neuropathy than those without retinopathy or neuropathy (P = 0.01 and P = 0.002, respectively). The mean levels of leptin were significantly higher in patients with neuropathy than in those without neuropathy (P = 0.002). The mean levels of TNF‐α were not significantly different according to any of the three microangiopathies. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio for the presence of neuropathy in the highest tertile of adiponectin was 4.3 (95% confidence interval 1.59–11.62), as compared with the patients in the lowest tertile of adiponectin level.Conclusions
Levels of adipocytokines were significantly different according to the presence of each microangiopathy. In particular, higher serum adiponectin was independently associated with increased odds for the presence of neuropathy. Future prospective studies with larger numbers of patients are required to establish a direct relationship between plasma adipocytokine concentrations and the development or severity of diabetic microangiopathies. 相似文献18.
Bo‐Yeon Kim Chan‐Hee Jung Ji‐Oh Mok Sung Koo Kang Chul‐Hee Kim 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(2):170-175
Aims/Introduction
The associations between non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic vascular complications of type 2 diabetes remain uncertain. We assessed the relationships between NAFLD and chronic vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and Methods
Patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 929) attending a diabetes clinic of a university hospital were studied retrospectively. Patients who had any clinical evidence of cirrhosis or other causes of chronic liver disease were excluded. Prevalences of chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications were assessed. NAFLD was ascertained by ultrasonography.Results
The prevalence of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes was 63.3%. The prevalences of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy were significantly lower in patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (33.0 vs 70.2%, P < 0.001; 29.3 vs 37.1%, P = 0.007, respectively), whereas no difference was found in the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy. The prevalence of diabetic macrovascular complications was lower in type 2 diabetic patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (9.2 vs 14.7%, P = 0.008). After adjustment for confounding factors, such as age, sex, glycated hemoglobin, fasting serum C‐peptide, diabetic duration, body mass index and hypertension, NAFLD remained significantly associated with a lower odds ratio (OR) of diabetic retinopathy (OR 0.440, 95% confidence interval 0.255–0.757, P = 0.003) and nephropathy, (OR 0.541, 95% confidence interval 0.358–0.817, P = 0.003). In contrast, NAFLD was not significantly associated with macrovascular complications after adjustment for confounding factors.Conclusions
These results suggest that NAFLD is inversely associated with prevalences of diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes. 相似文献19.
Azuma Kanatsuka Yasunori Sato Koichi Kawai Koichi Hirao Masashi Kobayashi Atsunori Kashiwagi Japan Diabetes Clinical Data Management Study Group 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2014,5(5):539-547
Aims/Introduction
We evaluated the long‐term efficacy of insulin regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and poor glycemic control despite oral antidiabetic drugs (OAD).Materials and Methods
We carried out a propensity score‐matched cohort study using the CoDiC® database of the Japan Diabetes Data Management Study Group across 54 institutions in Japan from 2005 to 2010. A total of 10,854 patients on OAD in 2005 were studied, and 1,253 patients (11.5%) were treated with insulin until 2010. The changes in insulin regimens and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were analyzed over this study period.Results
Propensity score matching showed no differences in the baseline patient characteristics. A total of 96 patients transferred to insulin, and HbA1c gradually and significantly decreased in the patients on a twice‐daily premixed preparation of rapid‐acting human‐insulin analogs (twice‐daily MIX) and basal–bolus therapy with rapid‐acting human‐insulin analogs (RA) plus long‐acting insulin analog (LA; P < 0.001). A total of 418 patients had insulin added to OAD treatment, and HbA1c decreased in the patients with a twice‐daily MIX (P < 0.001), but HbA1c did not differ from the baseline values in the patients on basal LA (P = 0.497). The mean decline in HbA1c at the end of the study was therefore larger in the patients receiving twice‐daily MIX than in the patients receiving basal LA (P < 0.05).Conclusion
The present study could suggest the potential loss of opportunity for many patients treated using basal LA to have received alternative insulin regimens and to achieve better glycemic control. 相似文献20.
Stefano Corbella Luca Francetti Silvio Taschieri Francesca De Siena Massimo Del Fabbro 《Journal of diabetes investigation.》2013,4(5):502-509