倍频Nd∶YAG激光联合YAG激光治疗闭角型青光眼

目的:观察倍频Nd∶YAG激光联合YAG激光行周边虹膜切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼的疗效及并发症。方法:本组共105例,其中临床前期91眼,先兆期32眼,间歇期46眼,均先使用倍频Nd∶YAG激光在拟行周边虹膜切孔处分层射击,最后用YAG激光穿透造孔,随访12mo,观察疗效及并发症。结果:术后1～6h眼压暂时性升高,24h后眼压下降,虹膜周切孔均通畅,房角无粘连,3眼周切孔处局限性晶状体混浊。结论:倍频Nd∶YAG激光联合YAG激光行周边虹膜切除术是防止闭角型青光眼急性发作的安全有效的手术。     

倍频Nd：YAG激光联合YAG激光治疗闭角型青光眼

目的：观察倍频Nd：YAG激光联合YAG激光行周边虹膜切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼的疗效及并发症。方法：本组共105例,其中临床前期91眼,先兆期32眼,间歇期46眼,均先使用倍频Nd：YAG激光在拟行周边虹膜切孔处分层射击,最后用YAG激光穿透造孔,随访12mo,观察疗效及并发症。结果：术后1～6h眼压暂时性升高,24h后眼压下降,虹膜周切孔均通畅,房角无粘连,3眼周切孔处局限性晶状体混浊。结论：倍频Nd：YAG激光联合YAC激光行周边虹膜切除术是防止闭角型青光眼急性发作的安全有效的手术。     

氩激光和Nd：YAG激光联合虹膜切除治疗葡萄膜炎继发闭角型青光眼

目的 探讨葡萄膜炎瞳孔闭锁继发闭角型青光眼的激光治疗.方法 对9例(9只眼)葡萄膜炎继发闭角型青光眼行氩激光和Nd:YAG激光联合虹膜切除术.在选择虹膜切除的部位先用氩激光在虹膜表面行分层击射,使虹膜收缩、部分炭化,后用Nd:YAG激光作穿透击射,形成一个1～1.5mm的虹膜根切孔.结果 术后随访4～16个月,9只眼激光虹膜切除孔均保持通畅,眼压控制良好,除1只眼术中虹膜少量出血,余无其他并发症.结论 氩激光与Nd:YAG激光联合行虹膜切除术是治疗葡萄膜炎瞳孔闭锁继发闭角型青光眼的一种安全有效的方法.     

氩激光周边虹膜成形术联合YAG和氩激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

我们应用氩激光周边虹膜成形术联合 YAG和氩激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼取得良好效果 ,现报告如下 :资料与方法 :1998年 9月～ 2 0 0 0年 9月应用氩激光周边虹膜成形术联合 YAG和氩激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼 42例 5 1眼 ,女性 33例 ,男性 9例 ,年龄 5 3～ 73岁 ,平均 6 4岁。临床前期 38眼 ,间歇期 6眼 ,发作期 3眼 ,慢性闭角型青光眼 4眼。慢性闭角型青光眼作暗室试验。随访观察时间 3个月～ 2 4个月。常规作视力、裂隙灯、房角镜、暗室试验和视野检查。眼压控制标准为停用降眼压药物后眼压≤2 .79k Pa,…     

激光周边虹膜成形并切除术治疗闭角型青光眼

目的 分析激光周边虹膜成形联合激光虹膜根部切除治疗闭角型青光眼的方法及疗效。方法 2003年1月～2004年1月间应用氩激光周边虹膜成形联合Nd：YAG和氩激光周边虹膜切除术21例21眼，缩瞳后氩激光在周边虹膜360。度范围共击射约30点，再于鼻上方或颢上方击射周边虹膜，范围约0．5～1mm，然后用Nd：YAG激光击穿虹膜。结果 术前术后平均视力无明显变化，术后1周眼压7～20mmHg，平均眼压14mmHg，暗室试验全部阴性。所有患者均可见周边切除孔沟通前后房，前房角均有不同程度加宽。结论 激光周边虹膜成形联合虹膜根部切除既可解除前房阻滞又可加深前房角，是治疗闭角型青光眼的良好方法。     

半导体激光360°虹膜周边成形术联合YAG虹膜周边切开术治疗闭角型青光眼

目的探讨半导体、YAG激光360°虹膜周边成形术联合虹膜周边切除术对闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法对96例151眼闭角型青光眼行半导体激光360°虹膜周边成形术联合YAG虹膜周边切开术。结果激光孔通畅100%,其中治愈115眼,好转34眼,其中3眼需两种以上眼药控制,2眼需行手术治疗。房角开放,周边前房加深,术前术后比较,有显著差异性(P<0.01)。不良反应有术后暂时性眼压升高,术中虹膜出血,角膜灼伤,前部色素炎性反应等。结论联合激光360°虹膜周边成形术及虹膜周边切除术,操作简单。效果确切,并发症少,是治疗闭角型青光眼的理想术式。     

激光周边虹膜成形及切除术治疗药物难控制的急性闭角型青光眼

目的：探讨激光周边虹膜成形联合周边虹膜切除术,治疗药物难控制的急性闭角型青光眼的效果和安全性。方法：选取药物治疗24h后眼压仍高于21mmHg的原发性急性闭角型青光眼15例17眼和白内障膨胀期继发的急性闭角型青光眼4例4眼,共19例21眼,采用激光周边虹膜成形联合周边虹膜切除术,术后24h观察视力、眼压、角膜、周边前房深度、房角及并发症。结果：所有患者激光术后24h眼压均有大幅度的下降,术前眼压53.09±11.01mmHg,术后24h眼压下降至14.98±4.21mmHg,治疗前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01 ）。术后视力由术前手动～0.3提高至0.1～1.0。所有患者角膜水肿减轻或消退,周边前房深度增加,房角不同程度开放。其中虹膜出血11眼（52.4%）,轻度反应性虹膜炎21眼（100%）,无1眼发生角膜灼伤。结论：激光周边虹膜切除联合周边虹膜成形术,是降低药物难控制的急性闭角型青光眼眼压的一种安全有效的方法。     

半导体激光联合YAG激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼

目的:探讨半导体激光联合YAG激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼疗效。方法:对89例110眼闭角型青光眼行半导体激光联合YAG激光周边虹膜切除术。结果:激光孔通畅100%,治愈98眼,好转8眼,无效4眼,总有效率96.4%。术前术后平均视力无明显变化。术后1wk眼压0.93～2.67(平均1.87)kPa。所有病例前房角均有不同程度的加宽。结论:半导体激光联合YAG激光周边虹膜切除术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼,操作简单,效果确切,并发症少,是治疗闭角型青光眼的理想术式,值得临床推广。     

联合虹膜激光手术治疗急性闭角型青光眼的房角观察

目的　观察激光周边虹膜成形术联合周边虹膜切除术在治疗首次发作的急性闭角型青光眼的安全性和有效性.方法　闭角型青光眼患者30例59眼,诊断后首先药物降压,然后行氪激光周边虹膜成形术同时行YAG激光周边虹膜切除术,观察激光治疗前后超声生物显微镜监测下的房角开放度数及眼压的变化.结果　术前眼压为(27.14±18.49) mm Hg,术后2周眼压为(16.64±5.23) mm Hg,术后半年眼压为(18.24±6.17) mm Hg,术前与术后2周及术后半年眼压比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).房角开放情况:平均房角开放度数:术前平均3点位(4.08±5.79)°,6点位(1.84±3.43)°,9点位(3.13±5.12)°,12点位(1.26±3.35)°,术后3点位(12.79±10.13)°,6点位(10.06±8.31)°,9点位(11.99±5.65)°,12点位(7.48±8.11)°.激光术后超声生物显微镜下的各方位房角开放度数与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论　氪激光周边虹膜成形术联合YAG激光周边虹膜切除术是治疗急性闭角型青光眼一种安全有效的方法,能有效加深患者房角,降低患者眼压.     

多种激光联合应用治疗慢性闭角型青光眼

目的探讨氪(Kr)/Nd:YAG激光/SLT(Selectlasertrabecularplasty,SLT)联合应用治疗慢性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法对11例14眼有适应症的患者,先以Kr/Nd:YAG激光联合应用进行周切虹膜切除术,1周后氪激光周边虹膜成形术联合SLT。比较手术前后眼压变化。结果全部病例1次透切虹膜,经氪激光周边虹膜成形术后,房角加宽,SLT治疗后9眼眼压改善到<20mmHg,1眼眼压在2mo时回升到36mmHg,转为手术治疗。4眼可停用局部降眼压药,眼压维持正常。结论对部分有适应症的慢性闭角型青光眼是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

激光周边虹膜成形术治疗虹膜切除术后暗室俯卧试验阳性的原发性闭角型青光眼

目的　评价激光周边虹膜成形术治疗虹膜切除术后暗室俯卧试验阳性的原发性闭角型青光眼的临床效果。方法　对激光周边虹膜切除术后暗室俯卧试验阳性的 34例 (5 6只眼 )原发性闭角型青光眼 (非眼外引流手术指征 ,前房角粘连 <1/2周前房角范围 )患者行激光周边虹膜成形术。其中急性闭角型青光眼 2 7例 (49只眼 ) ,慢性闭角型青光眼 7例 (7只眼 )。对患者治疗前后的周边前房深度、前房角、眼压、视野及周边虹膜形态进行详细的对比观察 ,并行暗室俯卧试验及散瞳试验检查。患者术后随访 1～ 4年。结果　所有患者治疗后周边前房深度均明显加深 ,静态前房角镜检查小梁网可见范围增宽。随访期间患者未发生高眼压、前房角进行性粘连及视野损害 ,暗室俯卧试验及散瞳试验均阴性。结论　虹膜切除术后暗室俯卧试验阳性的原发性闭角型青光眼的发病机制是当瞳孔散大时 ,异常的周边虹膜组织堵塞小梁网而引起高眼压 ,瞳孔阻滞因素不起主导作用。激光周边虹膜成形术可以明显改变此类青光眼患者 (前房角粘连 <1/2周前房角范围 )的周边虹膜形态 ,从而控制病情进展。     

Laser iridoplasty in the treatment of severe acute angle closure glaucoma

Twenty eyes of 19 patients presenting with acute angle closure glaucoma (AACG) which failed to respond to medical treatment were treated with laser iridoplasty. In all 20 eyes, laser peripheral iridectomy (PI) was prevented by a hazy cornea. In all cases, iridoplasty resulted in a rapid and significant reduction in intraocular pressure. Laser iridoplasty appears to have a useful role in the management of medically unresponsive AACG, particularly in those cases where laser peripheral iridotomy (PI) has failed or is not possible to perform.     

Pupillary and iridovitreal block in pseudophakic eyes

Twenty-six cases of pupillary and iridovitreal block in pseudophakic eyes are reported. Although ten patients presented with acute angle closure glaucoma, the majority were asymptomatic and had normal intraocular pressures. While cure was finally achieved in all cases, recurrence of block occurred in six eyes as late as two months after initial successful treatment. A variety of therapeutic modalities including argon laser iridectomy, argon laser gonioplasty (iridoplasty), surgical iridectomy, surgical vitrectomy, Q-switched Nd:YAG laser iridectomy and Nd:YAG laser photodisruption of the anterior vitreous face were needed. Despite successful relief of pupillary and iridovitreal block in these eyes with no evidence of glaucoma prior to cataract and lens implant surgery, four eyes developed eight or more clock hours of peripheral anterior synechiae, and nine eyes continue to require chronic medical therapy for glaucoma.     

原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的联合治疗

目的探讨氪激光及Nd：YAG激光虹膜成形加打孔术联合超声乳化手术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床意义。方法对25例（25眼）急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障首次发作者,药物控制眼压后即行Nd：YAG激光及氪激光虹膜成型及打孔术,术后3～14d行超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术,观察治疗前及术后眼压、前房深度及视力,并用StratusOCT观察房角情况。随访3～12个月,结果采用配对t检验,SPSS10．0统计学方法分析。结果眼压由术前的（62．17±14．12）mmHg降至（14．32±3．17）mmHg,前房深度由术前（1．67±0．32）mm加深至（2．86±0．40）mm,房角明显加宽,术后视力明显提高。结论对首次发作的急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障,激光虹膜成形及打孔术联合白内障超声乳化手术可以有效的控制眼压,开放房角,提高视力。减少青光眼外滤过手术的并发症,减少创伤,改善视力,提高生活质量。     

激光周边虹膜成形术联合周边虹膜切除术治疗高褶虹膜型青光眼

目的探讨采用联合激光技术治疗高褶虹膜型青光眼的疗效。方法对２０例（３７只眼）早期原发性慢性闭角型高褶虹膜型青光眼，一次性行氩激光周边虹膜成形术联合氩激光加ＮｄＹＡＧ激光周边虹膜切除术（联合激光手术）。结果随访８个月至４年零７个月，平均２．７年。１７例（３２只眼）获得满意疗效，在观察期内无青光眼急性发作，眼压从５．８０±１．０４ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）下降到２．７４ｋＰａ以下，周边前房加深，房角增宽，虹膜皱缩，有效地防止了房角的进一步粘连，８６．７％的患者暗室试验转阴性。结论联合激光手术是治疗高褶虹膜型青光眼的有效方法之一。     

联合激光治疗大范围前房角粘连慢性闭角型青光眼

目的探讨联合激光治疗前房角粘连范围大于180°的慢性闭角型青光眼的疗效。方法对43例（56只眼）前房角粘连范围大于180°的慢性闭角型青光眼,先行激光周边虹膜切除术,2d后再行激光周边虹膜成形术,对手术前后的眼压、前房角、视野进行对比观察。术后随访18个月。结果治疗后前房角粘连范围减小,眼压降低,视野无改变。随访18个月后30只眼（53．6％）眼压在21mmHg以下（1mmHg=0．133kPa）,19只眼（33．9％）局部加用1-3种降眼压滴眼液,眼压可以控制;7只眼（12．5％,7／56）加滴2～3种降眼压药物,眼压仍高,行青光眼滤过手术。结论联合激光治疗前房角粘连大于180°的慢性闭角型青光眼可降低滤过手术的比例。     

激光周边虹膜成形术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼房角相关结构的超声生物显微镜观察

目的应用超声生物显微镜(ultrasoundbiomicroscopy,UBM)观察激光周边虹膜成形术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼房角结构的变化,进一步做疗效评价。方法对原发性闭角型青光眼经虹膜切除术后暗室俯卧试验阳性的31例38眼行激光周边虹膜成形术治疗,治疗前后均行眼前节裂隙灯显微镜、房角镜及UBM检查,对于治疗后无发作性眼压升高且连续两次暗室俯卧试验阴性的病例,应用0.5%托吡卡胺点眼散瞳后再行上述检查。结果36眼(94.7%)成功治愈。表现为:无青光眼发作、连续两次暗室俯卧试验阴性且散瞳试验均阴性。所有病例经治疗后周边前房深度均明显加深,静态房角镜检查小梁网可见范围增宽。UBM检查显示周边虹膜形态较术前明显变薄而平直,500um处小梁虹膜夹角(TIA500)、250um和500um处前房角开放距离(AOD250、AOD500)均较术前显著增加(p<0.01),周边虹膜厚度(IT1)明显变薄(p<0.01)。术后观察(1～2)年,疗效稳定且未见明显并发症。结论激光周边虹膜成形术可有效的改变周边虹膜形态,增加前房角宽度,防止瞳孔散大所造成的周边虹膜堆积,是治疗虹膜切除术后仍有急性发作或激发试验阳性的原发性闭角型青光眼安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Laser peripheral iridoplasty as initial treatment of acute attack of primary angle-closure: a long-term follow-up study

PURPOSE: To study the long-term clinical course and complications of patients with acute primary angle-closure treated with immediate laser peripheral iridoplasty followed by laser peripheral iridotomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive patients with acute primary angle closure treated with immediate laser peripheral iridoplasty, followed by laser peripheral iridotomy, at the Prince of Wales Hospital from July 1997 through January 2000 were followed up to document the clinical course of their disease and any complications from the laser treatment. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, gonioscopic findings, corneal and lens clarity, iris appearance, pupillary reaction, and progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy were evaluated. RESULTS: Thirty eyes of 29 Chinese patients with acute primary angle closure treated initially with either argon or diode laser peripheral iridoplasty were recruited. The mean follow-up period was 33.0 +/- 9.3 months. Twenty-one eyes (70%) had no further attack and maintained normal intraocular pressure without medications, and 9 eyes (30%) developed chronic angle-closure glaucoma with peripheral anterior synechiae. All eyes had pigmented laser marks on the peripheral iris, but none had peripheral corneal burn. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term follow-up data indicated that 30% of Chinese eyes with acute primary angle closure successfully treated with immediate laser peripheral iridoplasty followed by laser peripheral iridotomy developed peripheral anterior synechiae and an increase in intraocular pressure. There were minimal long-term complications on the cornea and the lens from the laser treatment.     

联合激光手术对原发性闭角型青光眼的防治价值

目的评价联合激光手术对原发性闭角型青光眼(primaryangle-closureglaucoma,PACG)的治疗和预防价值。方法对75例102眼PACG(治疗组)以及50例100眼PACG的高危人群(干预组),行联合激光手术治疗,包括激光周边虹膜切除术(laserperipheraliridectomy,LPI)或联合Argon激光周边虹膜成形术(Argonlaserperipheraliridoplasty,ALPI)。术后随访(2～4)年。结果治疗组和干预组成功率均100%。202眼最终眼压21mmHg以下。所有患者周切孔通畅、前房角不同程度开放和增宽。最终的暗室加俯卧试验均阴性。治疗前后视力、视野、眼底C/D值无明显变化。治疗组无PACG急性发作。干预组无PACG发生。除有轻微前葡萄膜炎和短暂眼压升高反应外无其它严重并发症。结论联合激光手术安全有效,是治疗PACG的较好方法之一,并能有效地预防一定高危人群PACG发生。