儿童脂肪干细胞与多种尿道生物支架相容性的对比研究

目的:比较儿童脂肪干细胞与多种尿道生物支架的相容性。方法:将儿童脂肪干细胞与膀胱脱细胞基质、小肠粘膜下层组织、脱细胞尿道海绵体基质分别体外复合培养,运用倒置相差显微镜观察干细胞在这3种支架上的生长、增殖情况,并且测定细胞活性与细胞黏附率。结果:脂肪干细胞能够在3种支架上生长良好,生物活性无统计学差异(P>0.05),膀胱脱细胞基质细胞黏附率高于脱细胞尿道海绵体基质(P<0.05)。结论:脂肪干细胞与3种生物支架均有较好的相容性,膀胱脱细胞基质或是最好的选择。     

表面修饰化材料对颌下腺种子细胞生长影响的研究

目的 探讨应用表面修饰技术处理的生物支架材料与颌下腺种子细胞复合培养研究对种子细胞支架材料上的附着、生长和分泌功能的影响.方法 选用明胶海绵36块,均分为3组.A组:明胶海绵材料与鼠颌下腺细胞复合培养物;B组:层黏连蛋白(laminin,LN)表面修饰的明胶海绵材料与鼠颌下腺细胞复合培养物;C组:转化生长因子(TGF-β3)表面修饰的明胶海绵材料与鼠颌下腺细胞复合培养物.各组在体外进行复合培养,3、7和15 d各时间点行组织学观察和扫描电镜观察,15 d行免疫组织化学鉴定细胞来源,测定上清淀粉酶含量并进行比较.结果 组织学和扫描电镜观察见培养第3天各组细胞分散于材料表面,无细胞突起形成;第7天见B组细胞数量明显多于A组和C组,细胞突起形成并锚定于胶原海绵表面;第15天,B组细胞数量仍多于A组和C组,并可见细胞之间有触突联系和腺管样结构形成.免疫组织化学染色观察复合培养的颌下腺细胞Brdu呈强阳性.随着接种后培养时间的延长,各组颌下腺细胞分泌的淀粉酶含量均有不同程度的增加.15d,C组淀粉酶含量明显高于A组和B组(P＜0.05).结论 应用细胞外基质和细胞因子成分对生物支架材料进行表面修饰,可促进颌下腺种子细胞在材料上的附着、增殖和分泌,有利于组织工程化颌下腺研究的进一步成功.     

诱导向尿路上皮分化的脂肪干细胞与膀胱脱细胞基质支架的生物相容性研究

目的 探讨脂肪干细胞向尿路上皮细胞分化的可行性,并将诱导后细胞与膀胱脱细胞基质复合培养,评价细胞与支架材料的生物相容性,为进一步构建组织工程化组织提供实验基础。 方法 取6只8周龄雄性新西兰大白兔的腹股沟脂肪组织和膀胱组织,通过胶原酶消化法分离脂肪干细胞(adipose-derived stem cells,ADSCs),同时通过胰蛋白酶消化的方法获取尿路上皮细胞,流式细胞鉴定后将第3代脂肪干细胞与尿路上皮细胞间接共培养2周,并对分化后细胞进行表型鉴定。随后将分化后细胞种植在膀胱脱细胞基质上,通过扫描电镜、组织学切片观察诱导后细胞在膀胱脱细胞基质上的生长情况。 结果 脂肪干细胞培养成功并在体外扩增,流式术检测表面抗原CD分子,细胞高表达CD29(99.6%)、CD44(98.2%);低表达CD31(1.9%)及CD45(1.6%)。通过间接共培养诱导分化后,细胞免疫荧光、Western blotting检测到尿路上皮标志物UPIa的表达,而未诱导的脂肪干细胞无表达。扫描电镜提示诱导后细胞在膀胱脱细胞基质上生长,黏附较好。组织学检查可见膀胱脱细胞基质表面细胞平铺生长。 结论 脂肪干细胞向尿路上皮诱导分化后可作为泌尿系组织工程的种子细胞,可能是尿路上皮细胞之外的又一新选择。膀胱脱细胞基质能支持诱导后的脂肪干细胞良好的生长,该支架可作为载体材料用于泌尿系组织工程的修复与重建。      

脱钙骨基质支架构建组织工程骨的实验研究

目的以同种异体骨脱钙骨基质(demineralized bone matrix,DBM)为支架材料,复合体外诱导培养的人骨髓间充质干细胞(human mesenchymal stem cells,hMSCs),构建组织工程骨并通过裸鼠皮下异位成骨实验及裸鼠皮下致瘤性实验验证其成骨效果及安全性.方法贴壁法培养hMSCs,体外诱导培养扩增,以1.857×106/ml的密度与DBM复合构建组织工程骨,体外培养,并在扫描电镜下观察细胞与材料复合情况,进行组织学观察.同时进行了裸鼠皮下异位成骨实验.结果细胞与支架复合后3 d,细胞与DBM表面及孔隙可实现良好复合;复合后5 d,扫描电镜观察到细胞基质分泌旺盛,充满支架孔隙.裸鼠皮下成骨实验证明其成骨效果良好.结论以本实验中使用的细胞培养方法扩增、诱导分化的种子细胞生物安全性好,自制的DBM具有良好的生物相容性,可为种子细胞生长提供较好的三维空间,按照标准化工艺流程制备的组织工程骨安全、有效.     

胎兔成骨细胞与复合肝细胞生长因子/异种脱蛋白松质骨的体外培养

目的:探讨肝细胞生长因子(HGF)对体外培养的胎兔成骨细胞在异种脱蛋白松质骨(DPB)支架上黏附行为及增殖和分化功能的影响.方法:成骨细胞从胎兔中分离,实验组为HGF/DPB与成骨细胞复合培养,对照组为DPB与成骨细胞常规培养.通过电镜观察成骨细胞在HGF/DPB表面生长与附着状态,同时检测细胞增殖状况和碱性磷酸酶(alkalinephosphatase,ALP)活性等,评价成骨细胞生长情况和细胞活性.结果:成骨细胞在复合肝细胞生长因子脱蛋白骨外表面及孔隙内表面均可贴附生长,增殖、分化良好.HGF/DPB对成骨细胞的ALP活性有明显的促进作用,并能促进成骨细胞的增殖.结论:HGF/DPB具有良好的生物相容性和骨诱导作用,可作为骨组织工程备选的复合支架材料.     

四种显微技术观测大鼠颌下腺细胞与丝素-壳聚糖体外共培养的形态学特点

目的 采用倒置显微镜、扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM)、荧光显微镜和激光共聚焦显微镜(( laser scanning confocal microscopy,LSCM))技术对大鼠颌下腺细胞(rat submandibular gland cells,RSMGs)与丝素-壳聚糖( silk fibroin-chitosan,SFCs)的体外复合培养进行形态学观察.为观测、评估种子细胞在三维支架的内部生长情况提供技术支持.方法 取0～8d龄SD大鼠的颌下腺,对大鼠颌下腺细胞进行原代培养、分离纯化并传代;用抗细胞角蛋白单克隆抗体( CK8)及淀粉酶抗体的免疫细胞化学染色鉴定细胞来源.选取传至第二代的对数生长期的RSMGs作为种子细胞,选取SFCs共混膜(5×5×2)mm作为支架材料构建组织工程化涎腺样结构.将种子细胞与支架材料复合培养并分别于倒置显微镜、SEM、荧光显微镜和LSCM下观察二者复合生长情况.结果 倒置显微镜可以直接观察活细胞与支架复合生长情况,方法简单易行.SEM可以较精确的展示细胞支架复合生长的表面超微结构.经过荧光染料的着色,荧光显微镜和LSCM都可以观察到支架上锚定的种子细胞.荧光显微镜可见细胞核的荧光信号均匀的分布在支架孔隙内.LSCM通过层扫描及三维重建技术对较厚的标本获取图像;并可以通过旋转图像,从不同角度观察细胞支架复合物的三维剖面或整体结构,得到更为准确的定位信息.结论 四种显微技术均可应用于RSMGs与SFCs体外共培养的形态学观测.LSCM的三维重建技术结合荧光染料标记可以较好地获得RSMGs与SFCs复合生长的情况,有着较广泛的应用价值.     

家猪脱髓核细胞基质的制备及其生物相容性评价

目的:制备家猪脱髓核细胞基质并评价其生物相容性。方法:分离家猪脊柱髓核组织,并逐步经过胰酶、核酶及TritonX-100处理,得到脱髓核细胞基质,DAPI染色观察脱细胞效果及扫描电镜观察脱髓核细胞基质的物理形态特点,将脱髓核细胞基质溶于醋酸,制备成脱细胞基质膜,将大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞接种于基质膜上培养。在第1～5天采用CCK-8检测骨髓间充质干细胞在脱髓核细胞基质膜上的增殖情况,并计算细胞相对增殖率(RGR)来评价其生物相容性。结果:制备出的家猪脱髓核细胞基质肉眼呈白色糜状,DAPI染色发现无细胞残留。扫描电镜下观察发现,脱髓核细胞基质由无序排列的胶原纤维组成。通过CCK-8检测,5 d内细胞毒性分级在0级与2级之间。结论:家猪正常髓核组织能够进行脱细胞处理,且脱细胞后由无序的胶原纤维组成。脱髓核细胞基质具有很好的生物相容性,符合生物工程支架选材标准。     

兔骨髓源成骨细胞与多孔支架复合的实验研究

目的通过对兔骨髓基质干细胞的培养及诱导分化,并将细胞与新型复合型生物多孔支架联合培养,观察兔骨髓源成骨细胞在多孔支架表面的黏附及生长情况。方法兔骨髓基质干细胞经诱导分化为成骨细胞。将成骨细胞与处理过的多孔支架复合,在扫描电镜下观察细胞在支架表面的贴附情况。结果细胞接种后,在材料表面生长形态正常,属性与特征明显。结论新型复合型生物多孔支架与兔骨髓源成骨细胞具有良好的结合能力,可以进一步进行体内试验。     

组织工程化颌下腺细胞与支架材料复合培养最佳细胞浓度的实验研究

目的 :研究颌下腺细胞与支架材料体外复合培养中 ,细胞接种浓度对复合培养物的影响。方法 :体外原代培养SD鼠颌下腺细胞 ,并传代至第 2代 ,细胞计数 ,按细胞浓度为 10 ,2 0 ,30 ,4 0 ,5 0 ,6 0 ,70× 10 6/ml接种于 5mm× 5mm× 2mm胶原海绵表面 ,并置于 2 4孔培养板内 ,形成颌下腺细胞 胶原海绵复合物。继续培养 ,于接种细胞后 1,3,5 ,7d取材 ;HE染色、免疫组化、扫描电镜观察及细胞计数检测等 ,评价颌下腺细胞 -胶原海绵复合物形成的最佳细胞接种浓度。结果 :5 0 ,6 0 ,70× 10 6/ml细胞浓度的复合物中颌下腺细胞在支架材料上黏附、伸展及生长良好。 10 ,2 0 ,30 ,4 0× 10 6/ml细胞浓度的复合物中颌下腺细胞在支架材料上增殖分化及生长较差。细胞计数显示接种 7d时 ,各组材料细胞数均只有 10 4/ml数量级 ,5 0 ,6 0 ,70× 10 6/ml接种浓度时 ,细胞粘附数量是 10 ,2 0 ,30 ,4 0× 10 6/ml的 2倍。结论 :颌下腺细胞与胶原海绵复合培养最佳接种细胞浓度为 5 0× 10 6/ml。与其它组织细胞复合培养的最佳接种浓度相似     

猪脱细胞基质矿化支架材料的生物相容性及降解特性

目的 探讨猪脱细胞基质矿化支架材料的生物相容性及体外降解特性.方法 体内实验将猪脱细胞基质矿化支架材料(HA-PADM)、猪脱细胞基质支架材料(PADM)、明胶海绵分别埋植在12只新西兰大白兔脊柱两侧肌肉内,并且于观察时间(7、14、21、28 d)取出,组织病理学切片HE染色后观察组织的炎症反应,同时于术前、植入第2天、第4天兔耳缘静脉抽血行血常规检查;体外实验将HA-PADM、PADM、明胶海绵浸泡于细胞培养液(DMEM)中,于各个时间点(7、14、21、28 d)称重研究材料的体外降解情况.结果 各时间点实验动物的血常规检测结果无显著性差异(P＞0.05);三种支架材料周围肌肉组织无脓肿形成和组织坏死发生;此种支架材料的降解特性符合牙周组织工程的要求.结论 猪脱细胞基质矿化支架材料生物相容性良好,降解时间适宜,是一种应用前景广阔的牙周组织工程支架材料.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.