住院患者医院感染监测分析

为了解住院患者的医院感染发生的特点,通过对医院感染综合性和目标性监测,有效预防和控制医院感染,现将我院2001年～2003年医院感染病例调查情况报告如下。     

医院感染现患率调查与分析

为了解我院医院感染的实际情况,更加有效地预防和控制医院感染,提高医疗质量,笔者对我院2010-08-06医院感染现患率调查情况进行分析,现将结果报告如下。     

标准操作规程在防控医院感染中的应用

为加强医院感染的预防与控制,规范技术操作,提高医院感染管理相关培训的有效性,我们在学习标准操作规程(SOP)相关知识的基础上,结合工作实践,将SOP应用于医院感染预防与控制,取得了初步效果。现报告如下。     

住院患者医院感染现患率调查与分析

预防和控制医院感染的发生,是提高医院医疗质量水平的重要措施之一。为进一步强化医院感染管理,了解我院感染现患率、常见感染部位、影响因素及医院感染动态变化,我院于2011-12-07对所有住院患者进行了医院感染现患率调查,现将调查结果报道如下。     

精神病患者医院感染调查分析

为了解和掌握精神病患者医院感染的发病情况及其影响因素,控制和降低医院感染发病率,我们对某驻军医院2004年1月-2006年12月精神科住院病人发生医院感染的病例,进行回顾性调查分析.根据医院感染的相关因素,提出相应防控措施.     

探讨健康教育在儿科院内感染管理中的应用

随着医学模式的转变,儿科护士的职责已不再是单纯地照顾患儿,对住院患儿实施健康教育已成为儿科护理工作中的一个重要组成部分,儿科护士已成为健康教育的主要实施者、信息提供者、教育者及帮助支持者。健康教育与医院感染有着密切的关系，把控制医院感染列为健康教育工作的重点，是预防和控制医院感染的基础，是保证医院感染控制措施得到落实的关键。     

医院内感染影响因素的调查与分析

目的：了解医院内感染的主要影响因素及其规律，为有效预防和控制医院内感染提供理论依据。方法：对我院2004年出院的14118份病历进行回顾性调查，运用SPSS软件进行统计学处理。结果：我院医院内感染发生率为2．4％，综合科发生率最高，以呼吸道感染占首位。性别、年龄、住院天数对医院内感染的影响有统计学意义。结论：出院病例资料的回顾性调查可反映医院内感染的影响因素。     

介入手术室医院感染的预防与控制

介入手术室是医院感染管理的一个重要部门,搞好介入手术室感染预防与控制工作,对保证医疗安全、预防和减少医院感染具有非常重要的意义。本文就介入手术室感染的预防与控制相关问题进行了综述。     

2015年医院感染现患率调查与分析

目的 了解医院感染现状及分析与医院感染相关的危险因素和抗菌药物的使用情况,为提高医院感染管理水平提供依据.方法 由医院感染管理专职人员和各临床科室医院感染管理小组成员参加,采用床旁调查与住院病历调查相结合的方法,于2015年7月23日00:00～ 24:00对所有住院患者进行调查,填写统一的调查表,并对调查结果进性统计分析.结果 医院感染率及科室分布住院患者605例,实际调查人数605例,实查率100％,发生医院感染7例,医院感染现患率为1.16％.结论 进一步加强医院感染管理,规范抗菌药物合理使用,提高医务人员的感染控制意识,可有效控制医院感染的发生.     

临床医师在医院感染控制中的职能

医院感染是当前公共卫生领域的一个主要问题,直接影响着医疗质量和患者的安危。需要医院领导、临床医师、护士以及保洁员等全员参与的工作,任何一个环节缺失或不到位,都可能对医院感染控制质量造成不良影响[1]。临床医师在医院感染控制工作中占重要地位,强化临床医师感染控制意识,减少医院感染的发生,有着举足轻重的作用。临床科室普遍存在重治疗轻预防的思想,加之对医院感     

新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)感染的肺炎的影像学检查与感染防控的工作方案

2019新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV)感染的肺炎,自2019年12月发现以来,目前正呈蔓延之势,疫情就是命令,防控就是责任。为进一步做好2019-nCoV感染的肺炎的预防与控制工作,有效预防交叉感染,保护患者和医务人员,笔者结合相关重要国家文件、国家标准和参考文献以及本单位在防控新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)感染的肺炎工作中的体会,制定了新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)感染的肺炎的影像学检查与感染防控的工作方案,本研究重点介绍影像学检查的质控方案,包括影像学检查技术和CT诊断要点;以及感染防控的质控方案,包括科室环境和布局防控要求,登记人员、技师、医师和护师岗位防控要求,设备和环境防控要求,"感染防控防护级别"和"医务人员穿脱防护用品流程"两个附录。     

Infection control in the department of nuclear medicine

Concern about the spread of infections in the hospital setting has prompted regulatory agencies to mandate infection control standards. Each hospital department is required to have written policies and procedures which describe measures to prevent and control the spread of nosocomial infections (hospital acquired infections), along with quality assurance programs to assure that procedures are followed. The Department of Nuclear Medicine, as other departments, should have procedures which address special precautions for the prevention of nosocomial infections. This article will focus on a new approach to prevent nosocomial infections, guidelines for handling patients and contaminated equipment, and the importance of quality assurance activities to monitor compliance to established standards. An opening discussion on the routes of transmission, and factors necessary for transmission of infection, will serve as a review to assist with understanding the concept for handling the hospitalized patient in a Nuclear Medicine setting.     

Patient preparation for diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging procedures: an analysis of ward nurse knowledge

Purpose This study examined ward nurse understanding of diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging procedures in order to assess whether they were adequately informed to prepare their patients for nuclear medicine imaging examinations.Method A questionnaire was used to establish ward nurse knowledge and understanding of nuclear medicine. The questionnaire had two sections: nurse characteristics and nurse knowledge of information sources about nuclear medicine; knowledge assessment. The knowledge assessment had two elements—self-assessment of knowledge and objective assessment of knowledge based upon multiple choice questions. One hundred questionnaires were distributed to nurses of varying grades on six wards in a district general hospital. The six wards routinely referred patients for nuclear medicine imaging examinations. For the past four years each of these wards had been provided with information booklets for ward staff. These booklets were to provide ward staff with adequate background knowledge to prepare, physically and psychologically, their patients for diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging procedures.Results Knowledge varied considerably between nurses. Overall the nurses had a poor understanding of nuclear medicine, however their self-assessment ratings suggested they generally considered themselves inadequately informed to prepare their patients for the nuclear medicine imaging procedures. Several factors were identified to explain their lack of understanding. These included lack of specific training and education basic nursing courses and the ward nurses not knowing that information booklets were available on the ward for them.Conclusions/recommendations Ward nurse knowledge needs to be improved and inter-nurse knowledge variations need to be minimised. This may help ward nurses prepare their patients more adequately for the diagnostic nuclear medicine imaging procedures. Selection of nurses, through self-selection, may be a reliable method of deciding which nurses require additional training. However the data suggests that those nurses with a better knowledge and understanding may underrate their true ability.     

Knowledge attainment, perceptions, and professionalism in participants completing the didactic phase of an Army reserve critical care nursing residency program

Combat hospitals in today's Army demand nurses with critical care nursing "8A" additional skills identifiers. The intensity of future wars and operations other than war, together with highly technological weapons, forecast a large number of casualties evacuated rapidly from combat with wounds that require skillful and intensive nursing care. Many of the critical care nurses providing future care are positioned in the reserve components and require creative approaches to education and training concentrated into one weekend per month. An Army Reserve critical care nursing residency program was designed in one midwestern combat support hospital. The didactic course, phase I, was evaluated for effectiveness in achieving outcomes of increased knowledge attainment, enhanced perceptions of critical care nursing, and higher degrees of professionalism. Twenty-seven registered nurses completed the course, and 30 nurses from the same hospital served as controls. A repeated-measures analysis examined outcomes before intervention (time 1), at course completion (time 2), and at a 6-month follow-up (time 3). The course was effective at increasing scores on knowledge attainment and perceptions of critical care nursing; however; professionalism scores were initially high and remained so throughout the study. This research extends information about critical care nursing education and evaluates a training mechanism for meeting the unique requirements and time constraints of nurses in the reserve components who need to provide a high level of skill to soldiers in combat.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情常态化防控院内感染应急处置与思考

目的 通过处置1例新型冠状病毒IgM抗体检测单阳患者的应急措施复盘研究,进一步清晰应急处置工作的任务与流程,加强院内感染防控措施.方法 某医院在新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控中,妇产科对1例住院术后发热患者进行新冠病毒抗体主动筛查,发现该患者全血新冠病毒抗体IgM阳性.医院及时启动突发传染病疫情应急响应机制,固化工作场景,控制...     

方舱医院车载CT在新型冠状病毒肺炎检查中的防护问题及对策

自2020年2月9日以来,江汉方舱医院车载CT开始陆续接诊新型冠状病毒肺炎患者,车载CT在临床诊断方面凭借其独特的优势,发挥了不可替代的作用。在CT检查中,一线放射技师既要保证患者接受尽可能低的辐射剂量,同时要注重放射技师和患者的感染防控,并及时关注放射技师有无心理健康问题,并采取相关措施予以干预。     

J2EE轻型架构下医院感染数据共享平台的设计与实现

目的：建立网络化的医院感染数据共享和服务平台,整理、收集和发布医院感染数据,促进医学科研人员进行相关研究和分析。方法：按照Web信息系统原理,使用大型关系数据库实现数据存储,利用J2EE轻型架构提高系统开发和运行的效率与灵活性。结果与结论：建立了一个开放共享的医院感染数据加工、检索和分析平台,所建立的＂院内感染数据集＂和＂手术感染数据集＂共有数据记录2万余条,为提高医院感染数据的利用水平、促进医院感染的防治提供平台支撑。     

某三级甲等医院医务人员锐器伤发生情况调查

 目的 了解某三级甲等医院医务人员锐器伤发生情况,发现危险因素,提出预防与控制措施,降低锐器伤发生率。方法 采用问卷调查法,对某三级甲等医院2017-04医务人员发生锐器伤情况进行回顾性调查。结果 在调查的1184名医务人员中,发生锐器伤19人,锐器伤发生率为1.60%。不同工作类别医务人员发生锐器伤差异有统计学意义,护士锐器伤发生率高于医技人员;不同性别、工作年限医务人员发生锐器伤差异无统计学意义。锐器伤高发科室为普通病房,占78.95%;高发操作环节为静脉/皮下注射,占36.84%;高发器具为一次性注射器,占36.84%。结论 2017-04某医院锐器伤发生人群集中在护士,发生场所集中在普通病房,发生时机集中在静脉/皮下注射,发生器具集中在一次性注射器,应加强对高危人群、高发环节的监管,规范操作,降低锐器伤发生率。     

某医院穿刺后的感染性医疗废弃物处置方式调查分析

 目的 通过调查某医院输液大厅患者对输液后废弃棉球或输液贴的处置现状及相关认知,了解目前某医院在医疗废物处理方面存在的问题。方法 选择2015-11至2016-03在我院输液大厅820例患者,针对相关医用废料的处理方法、是否接受过医疗废物处置相关教育、能否接受新型医用敷料针后贴等方面进行问卷调查。结果 82.3％的患者对感染性医疗废弃棉球及输液胶贴的废弃处置不当,仅有9.72％知道医疗废物分类标准,4.15%知道医疗废物包装容器标识,2.07%知道医疗废物集中处理方式,仅有26.1%知道医疗废物流失泄露等造成的危害,73.9%未接受到医护人员对正确处置方式的信息告知及宣教,有73.6%患者愿意接受针后贴。结论 需重视对输液治疗患者医疗废物处置知识的宣教,进行处置行为指导。同时提高医护人员防控医源性污染管理的意识;进一步完善医疗废物处理设施标识;从材料上选择避免环境污染和院内交叉感染的新型医用敷料。