A systematic review of instruments measuring patients′ perceptions of patient‐centred nursing care

This systematic review identified and evaluated instruments measuring patients' perceptions of patient‐centred nursing care. Of 2629 studies reviewed, 12 were eligible for inclusion. Four instruments were reported: The Individualized Care Scale, the Client‐Centred Care Questionnaire, the Oncology patients' Perceptions of the Quality of Nursing Care Scale and the Smoliner scale. These instruments cover themes addressing patient participation and the clinician–patient relationship. Instruments were shown to have satisfactory psychometric properties, although not all were adequately assessed. More research is needed regarding test–retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, validity with known groups and structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis.     

The Turkish version of the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale used on medical and surgical patients

Aim and objectives. The aim of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the modified version of the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale on medical and surgical patients. Background. Measuring patient satisfaction with nursing care is important in evaluating the extent to which patients’ needs are met and for determining the appropriate nursing care. In recent years there has been increasing interest in patient satisfaction with nursing care in Turkey, but there are no validated scales available to measure this. Design. It is an evaluative study. Methods. The data were collected using the Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale and by a demographic information questionnaire. After translinguistic study, the content validity of the scale was confirmed and tested on 200 patients who were recruited at Istanbul University Hospital on the day of discharge. Internal consistency of the scale was tested by Cronbach's alpha. Demographic variables related to the satisfaction scores were analysed using the Spearmen correlation, the Mann–Whitney U‐ and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results. The Turkish version of the Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale, with a total of 19 items, was determined to be suitable for measuring patient satisfaction with nursing care. Patients were generally satisfied with the nursing care received. The items with the most positive rating were respectively: the amount of freedom they were given on the ward, the amount of privacy they were given by nurses and how quickly nurses responded to their requests. The study found that female patients, older patients and those who had health insurance were the most satisfied. Conclusion. The Turkish version of the Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale showed an adequate reliability and validity for its use on adult Turkish patients. Relevance to clinical practice. Nurses can use the Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale of Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales in evaluating and improving the nursing care in clinical practice.     

The conceptualization and measurement of individualized care

Individualized nursing care, a form of person-centered care delivery, is accepted as best practice, yet its implementation into actual care is far from complete. Appropriate measures of this elusive concept are needed to better understand barriers to implementation. This study explored and tested the convergent validity and the reliability of 2 individualized nursing care measures. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data using the Individualized Care Scale and the Individualized Care Instrument (ICI) from a sample of nurses (n = 263, response rate 71%) working in older peoples' care settings in Finland, and the data were analyzed statistically. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the ICI scales (.63-.80) and ICS-A and B subscales (both α = .91) demonstrated only moderate correlation between the 2 instruments (r = -.39 to .50) and possibly the complexity of measuring "individualized care." The study acknowledges the latent influence of culture and care approach to the conceptualization of individuality. It concludes that the concept may best be measured at this point with the use of other factors in addition to instruments to capture its multiple domains.     

The Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales: a valid measure of maternal satisfaction with inpatient postpartum nursing care

AIM: To test the validity of The Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales as measures of patient satisfaction with nursing care in an inpatient postpartum unit. BACKGROUND: The Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales (Experience of Nursing Care Scale and Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale) were developed to measure the satisfaction of medical-surgical inpatients with nursing care. METHODS: The Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales were administered by interviewers to 189 postpartum women prior to hospital discharge. We tested the construct validity of the scales by making five a priori predictions: mothers who were more satisfied would be more likely to have one nurse caring for them and to recommend the postpartum unit to a friend. We also predicted that the Experience of Nursing Care and Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scales would be positively correlated with each other, with a global question about satisfaction with nursing care, and with a global question about satisfaction with overall postpartum stay. RESULTS: Four of the five a priori predictions were supported by the data. The mean Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scale scores of mothers who would recommend the unit to a friend were higher (more satisfied) than those who would not (P < 0.001). The Experience of Nursing Care Scale and Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale were positively and significantly correlated with each other (r = 0.9, P < 0.001). There was a positive and significant correlation between the scales and global ratings of nursing care (Experience Scale r = 0.79, P < 0.001; Satisfaction Scale r = 0.82, P < 0.001) and overall postpartum stay (Experience Scale r = 0.64, P < 0.001; Satisfaction Scale r = 0.68, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Scales are valid measures of maternal satisfaction with inpatient postpartum nursing care.     

Testing the reliability and validity of self-efficacy and outcome expectations of restorative care performed by nursing assistants

The primary aims of this study were to determine the reliability and validity of 2 measures: the Nursing Assistant Self-efficacy for Restorative Care Scale and the Nursing Assistant Outcome Expectations for Restorative Care Scale. This study included 386 nursing assistants from 8 nursing homes. The findings provide some support for the reliability and validity of these measures on the basis of Rasch analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity.     

Development and psychometric properties of the Individualized Care Scale

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: In this study we describe the development of the Individualized Care Scale (ICS) and evaluate its validity, psychometric properties and feasibility. The ICS was designed to measure patients' views on how individuality is supported through specific nursing interventions (ICA) and how they perceive individuality in their own care (ICB) during hospitalization. METHOD: Three different data sets were collected among patients being discharged from hospital (n1 = 203, n2 = 279, n3 = 454). This bipartite 38-item ICS promises to be a brief, timely, easy to administer and useful self-completion measure for evaluating clinical nursing practice from the patient's point of view. RESULTS: The findings supported the internal consistency reliability of the ICS (alpha 0.94 for ICA and ICB 0.93) and the three subscales (alphas 0.85-0.90). Item analysis supported the item construction of each scale. Content validity was furthered by a critical literature review and four expert analyses. Principal component analysis (Promax with Kaiser normalization) among earlier factor analyses supported construct validity by generating a three-factor solution which accounted for 65% of the variance in the ICA and 61% in the ICB. Pearson's correlation coefficients were at least 0.88 between the subscales and the total domain ICA or ICB. CONCLUSIONS: The ICS has demonstrated promise as a tool for measuring patients' evaluations of their hospital experience and individuality in care.     

Development of the Nurses’ Care Coordination Competency Scale for mechanically ventilated patients in critical care settings in Japan: Part 2 Validation of the scale

ObjectivesTo confirm the validity and reliability of the nurses' care coordination competency draft scale for mechanically ventilated patients in Japan.Design/MethodIn this cross sectional observational study, a draft scale measuring care coordination was distributed to 2189 nurses from 73 intensive care units in Japan from February–March 2016. Based on the valid 887 responses, we examined construct validity including structural validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis), convergent and discriminant validity and internal consistency reliability.Settings73 Intensive care units.ResultsExploratory factor analyses yielded four factors with 22 items: 1) promoting team cohesion, 2) understanding care coordination needs, 3) aggregating and disseminating information, 4) devising and clearly articulating the care vision. The four-factor model was confirmed using a confirmatory factor analysis (confirmatory fit index = 0.942, root mean square error of approximation = 0.062). Scale scores positively correlated with team leadership and clearly identified and discriminated nurses’ attributes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for each subscale was between 0.812 and 0.890, and 0.947 for the total scale.ConclusionsThe Nurses’ Care Coordination Competency Scale with four factors and 22 items had sufficient validity and reliability. The scale could make care coordination visible in nursing practice. Future research on the relationship between this scale and patient outcomes is needed.     

Validating the Nurse Professional Competence Scale with Australian baccalaureate nursing students

BackgroundProfessional competence is necessary to enhance patients’ quality of care and safety, however not much is known about nursing students’ perceptions of their professional competence at the point of graduation, particularly in the Australian context.AimTo validate the Nurse Professional Competence (NPC) Scale in the Australian context and explore graduating nursing students’ perceptions of their own competence and their suggestions to improve their learning experience.MethodA cross-sectional survey incorporating the NPC Scale was conducted with nursing students at the point of graduation at one large Australian University.ResultsFifty-six graduating nursing students completed the NPC Scale. Scale reliability measured via Cronbach’s alpha was 0.96. Almost 80% of students felt confident with their nursing skills and felt that the nursing program had prepared them for a graduate position as a registered nurse. Students reported their highest competence was in Value-based Nursing Care (m = 89.4) and Documentation & Administration of Nursing Care (m = 86.7), and the lowest were Development, Leadership & Organisation of Nursing Care (m = 80.9) and Care Pedagogy (m = 83.0). Students’ most common suggestion to improve the learning experience was to provide additional clinical workplace experience.DiscussionThe NPC Scale demonstrated excellent reliability in the Australian context. The areas that scored highest and lowest on the NPC were congruent with findings using this instrument in other countries.ConclusionFurther validation of the NPC Scale should include a larger sample that includes both graduating nursing students from multiple universities as well as registered nurses and incorporates confirmatory factor analysis.     

肿瘤护理质量量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的 翻译并修订肿瘤护理质量量表,对修订后的量表进行信效度评价。方法 采用Brislin翻译模式进行正译和回译;通过专家组讨论和预调查对翻译的量表进行跨文化调适;采用便利抽样方法对612例晚期肿瘤患者进行调查,评价量表信效度。结果 中文版肿瘤护理质量量表包含5个维度：支持与确认（16个条目）,灵性关怀（6个条目）,归属感（5个条目）,重视（4个条目）,尊重（3个条目）。总量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.946,各维度的Cronbach’s α系数为0.735~0.928。总量表的折半信度为0.879,各维度的折半信度为0.683~0.864。总量表的重测信度为0.867,各维度的重测信度为0.837~0.889。量表中各条目的内容效度指数均>0.86,总量表的内容效度指数为0.97。结论 修订后的中文版肿瘤护理质量量表在中国文化背景下具有良好的信度和效度,可作为肿瘤护理质量的评估工具。     

“以人为本”重症护理量表的汉化及信度效度检验

目的 翻译韩文版“以人为本”重症护理量表（Person-centered Critical Care Nursing,PCCN）,形成中文版“以人为本”重症护理量表,并分析其信度效度。方法 按照量表汉化的程序,得到原作者授权后,将韩文版“以人为本”重症护理量表翻译为中文,并接受跨文化调试,对天津市375名重症监护室护士进行调查,完成信度效度检验。结果 中文版“以人为本”重症护理量表表面效度与内容效度较好;共提取出共情、个性、尊重、舒适4个公因子,各因子的条目载荷均≥0.4,累计总变异率的解释率为70.113%,结构效度良好;总体Cronbach α系数为0.897,各维度的Cronbach α系数为0.816、0.766、0.771、0.871。验证性因子模型拟合度良好。结论 中文版“以人为本”重症护理量表具有良好的信度效度,适合中国ICU护士共情、个性、尊重、舒适等方面人文关怀能力的评估。     

The Care Dependency Scale for measuring basic human needs: an international comparison

dijkstra a., y?nt g.h., korhan e.a., muszalik m, k?dziora-kornatowska k. & suzuki m. (2012)?The Care Dependency Scale for measuring basic human needs: an international comparison. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(10), 2341-2348. ABSTRACT: Aim. To report a study conducted to compare the utility of the Care Dependency Scale across four countries. Background. The Care Dependency Scale provides a framework for assessing the needs of institutionalized patients for nursing care. Henderson's components of nursing care have been used to specify the variable aspects of the concept of care dependency and to develop the Care Dependency Scale items. Design. The study used a cross-cultural survey design. Method. Patients were recruited from four different countries: Japan, The Netherlands, Poland and Turkey. In each of the participating countries, basic human needs were assessed by nurses using a translated version of the original Dutch Care Dependency Scale. Psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity of the Care Dependency Scale have been assessed using Cronbach's alpha, Guttman's Lambda-2, inter-item correlation and principal components analysis. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009. Results. High internal consistency values were demonstrated. Principal component analysis confirmed the one-factor model reported in earlier studies. Conclusion. Outcomes confirm Henderson's idea that human needs are fundamental appearing in every patient-nurse relationship, independent of the patient's age, the type of care setting and/or cultural background. The psychometric characteristics of the Care Dependency Scale make this instrument very useful for comparative research across countries.     

International field test results of the Observable Indicators of Nursing Home Care Quality instrument

Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia developed the Observable Indicators of Nursing Home Care Quality instrument to measure the dimensions of nursing home care quality during a brief on-site visit to a nursing home. The instrument has been translated for use in Iceland and used in Canada. Results of the validity and reliability studies using the instrument in 12 nursing homes in Reykjavik, in a large Veterans Home in Ontario with 14 units tested separately, and in 20 nursing homes in Missouri, are promising. High-content validity was observed in all countries, together with excellent inter-rater reliability and coefficient alpha. Test-retest reliabilities in Iceland and Missouri were good. Results of the international field test of the Observable Indicators of Nursing Home Care Quality instrument points to the usefulness of such an instrument in measuring nursing home care quality following a quick on-site observation in a nursing facility. The instrument should be used as a facility-wide assessment of quality, rather than for individual units within a facility. We strongly recommend its use by practising nurses in nursing homes to assess quality of care and guide efforts to improve care. We recommend its use by researchers and consumers and further testing of the use of the instrument with regulators.     

临床照护分类系统在综合ICU护理实践中的应用分析与展望

目的 探索临床照护分类系统（Clinical Care Classification System,CCC）在综合ICU护理实践中的应用情况。方法 使用CCC全智能护理信息系统（以下简称CCC系统）对研究期间的护理记录进行分析,研究数据包括2019年3月—7月的所有护理记录,共计301 358项护理文件条目。结果 从CCC系统中提取的数据显示,患者出现的护理诊断中,生理性要素占45.14%,功能性要素占41.62%,健康行为要素占12.33%,心理性要素占0.91%;照护要素分类中皮肤完整性方面涉及的护理措施最多（24.67%）,其次是活动类（21.55%）、安全类（15.09%）、身体调节类（13.72%）,其中评估监测类的护理措施占总护理措施的一半以上（52.39%）,护理执行类的护理措施占26.56%,而教导指导、管理转介类的措施分别占11.68%和9.36%;护理实际结局与预期护理目标比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 CCC能够在为重症监护病房的患者提供个性化的临床护理实践中用于记录护理数据和书写护理电子病历,也能分析每项护理措施的频率和次数,有利于护理大数据的分析与应用;应用CCC可以促进综合ICU开展临床护理实践和护理科研。     

Testing the individualized care model

BACKGROUND: Although there has been some research to identify the dimensions on which individualized care should be measured, the indicators that constitute individualized care remain unclear. OBJECTIVES: To describe briefly the maintenance of individualized care and to test a hypothetical model of individualized care in a sample of surgical patients. DESIGN AND METHODS: A correlational survey design was used. Data were collected with questionnaires from adult patients (n = 454) discharged from surgical wards in one Finnish hospital district (response rate 91%). Structural equation modelling LISREL SIMPLIS using maximum likelihood estimation was used to estimate and test the parameters of the hypothesized model derived deductively from the previous literature. RESULTS: The goodness-of-fit statistics supported the basic solution of the Individualized Care Model, although two additional paths indicating error covariances between the sub-concepts were identified in the revised model. In this model individualized care is defined in terms of patients' views of nursing activities aimed at supporting individuality in care and in terms of perceptions of individuality in their own care. CONCLUSIONS: The model has been found to capture attributes that characterize individualized care. It can be used as a basis for evaluation in clinical nursing practice from patients' point of view. The study highlights the importance of patients' clinical situation, personal life situation and decisional control as predictors of individualized care. The results also confirm the construct validity of the previously developed Individualized Care Scale.     

Turkish validity and reliability study of “Nursing Students' perceptions of Clinical Stressors Scale”

BackgroundClinical education is a significant part of nursing education, but students frequently perceive it as stressful. There is no valid and reliable scale to determine the clinical stressor perceptions of nursing students in Turkey.ObjectiveThe study aims to adapt the “Nursing Students' Clinical Stressor Perceptions Scale” (NSPCSS) into Turkish and perform its validity and reliability study for nursing students.MethodThe research was conducted in a methodological design between 30 September 2021 and 1 November 2021. The sample consisted of 304 nursing students.Results“The Cronbach's alpha” reliability coefficient of the NSPCSS is 0.912. The retest coefficient is 0.90 and the item correlation values are between 0.404 and 0.689.ConclusionThe study has shown that the NSPCSS-TR is a valid and reliable assessment tool to evaluate clinical stressors in nursing students.