Budgeting for ICD-10

Breaking down costs by category helps tackle a complex task. Different expenses will peak in different years, and not all costs will be obvious.     

Converting ICD-9 to ICD-10

Implementing the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) to International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) conversion on October 1, 2015, in the United States has been a long-term goal. While most countries in the world converted more than 10 years ago, the United States was still using ICD-9. Many countries in the world have a single-payer healthcare system, while there are thousands of different healthcare organizations (providers and payers) that presently exist in the United States. With so many different software platforms for healthcare providers and payers, the conversion had become that much more complicated and capital intensive for all healthcare organizations in the country. A few of the present delay reasons to the ICD-10 conversion in past years were the concurrent timelines for meeting meaningful use requirements for the electronic health record, testing with external payers and upgrades from vendors which added complexities and extra costs. The authors examine the reasoning behind the conversion as well as the delays, before making the conversion on October 1, 2015, and review the question regarding whether the government's decision to push the date back a year would have been helpful.     

Comparability between ICD-9 and ICD-10 for the leading causes of death in Spain

BACKGROUND: Implementation of a new Revision of the International Classification of Diseases can create discontinuity in mortality statistics. Revisions are nevertheless essential to ensure international comparability of health statistics. The purpose of this work was to describe the effects of the 10th Revision on mortality statistics by sex and age for leading causes of death in Spain. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of leading causes of death was carried out when the underlying cause of death was coded using both the 9th and 10th Revisions of the International Classification of Diseases in 88,044 death certificates completed in five Autonomous Communities of Spain (Andalusia, Cantabria, Murcia, Navarra, the Basque Country), and the city of Barcelona during the year 1999. Changes introduced by the 10th Revision were described by simple correspondence, percentage of change, Kappa index and comparability ratios between the 10th and the 9th Revision along with their 95% confidence intervals by sex and five-year age group, for the leading causes of death. RESULTS: Under the 10th Revision, AIDS deaths rose by 3.6% (comparability ratio (CR): 1.036; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.015-1.058), arteriosclerosis by 7.1% (CR: 1.071; 95% CI: 1.052-1.090), and drug overdose by 5.2% (CR: 1.052; 95% CI: 0.964-1.140). Mortality due to vascular and senile dementia and non specific dementia declined by 3.2% under the 10th (CR: 0.969; 95% CI: 0.950-0.988). In all the other causes of death the percentage of change regardless of direction was less than 2%. CONCLUSION: The present study found good agreement between ICD-9 and ICD-10 on the leading causes of death and premature mortality in Spain. Causes of death which present differences between Revisions were AIDS, arteriosclerosis, drug overdose and senile dementia. For these causes, the comparability ratios must be taken into account when interpreting mortality statistics.     

谈谈ICD—10

ＩＣＤ 10是在ＩＣＤ 9的基础上修订而成的。单纯的ＩＣＤ 9不能包括我们进行疾病统计所需要的信息 ,只有拥有一个疾病和有关健康的分类“家族” ,才能满足公共卫生的不同需要 ,ＩＣＤ 10更加明确了这一家族的概念。ＩＣＤ 10的分类是以病因分类为基轴 ,辅以解剖部位和其他的分类方法 ,适用性广泛 ;ＩＣＤ 10提出以ＩＣＤ 10分类家族的概念 ,以ＩＣＤ 10为分类核心 ,以其他有关分类、补充分类和国际疾病命名为外围 ,逐渐加强和完善这一家族分类标准形成系列分类体系 ;ＩＣＤ 10所设类目、亚目的原则是突出那些严重危害人群健康的疾病或情况…     

ICD-10与ICD-11的异同分析

目的:了解ICD-10及ICD-11,分析两者使用及发展情况,探寻从ICD-10到ICD-11过渡使用的方法。方法:利用现有的资源,对ICD-10及ICD-11的概念、结构及编码规则进行阐述,并通过具体疾病在ICD-10及ICD-11中的分类情况,对比分析两者存在的异同。结果:概念上,两者同属于WHO的主要出版物,是国际疾病分类方法的不同修订版本;结构上,ICD-11对ICD-10有所延续、删除,最大变化是框架做了调整,极大扩展了编码和应用范围;编码规则上,ICD-11在ICD-10的基础上,编码的表现形式呈现了很大不同。结论:随着医学的发展及管理需求的变化,ICD-10由于其结构等的局限性已经不能满足分类的需求,研究使用ICD-11是疾病分类面临的重要课题。