2006年濮阳市食品污染物中重金属调查分析

目的了解濮阳市食品污染中重金属污染状况。方法按照2006年濮阳市食品污染物监测计划,采用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法对我市各生产厂家、商场及农贸市场等各类食品中铅、镉、汞、铜四种金属进行分析。结果全年共采集各类食品317份,其中检测铅含量的样品317份,超标12份,超标率3.79%;检测铜含量的样品243份,超标13份,超标率5.35%;检测镉含量的样品158份,超标9份,超标率5.70%;检测汞含量的样品158份,超标5份,超标率3.16%。结论濮阳市食品中重金属含量合格率较高,但个别食品仍受到不同程度重金属污染。     

2010年潍坊市市售食品中重金属污染情况调查

目的了解潍坊市区出售的食品中重金属污染情况,以便采取相应的预防策略。方法采用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光度法测定食品样品中的铅、镉、砷、汞含量。结果全年共采集各类食品共461份,其中检测铅含量样品461份,超标5份,超标率1.1%;检测镉含量样品351份,超标14份,超标率4.0%;检测砷含量样品328份,超标4份,超标率1.2%;检测汞含量样品221份,超标9份,超标率4.1%。结论潍坊市食品中重金属污染总体情况不严重,但部分种类仍存在一定程度重金属含量超标的情况,需要引起重视。     

防城港市食品污染物中重金属监测

目的了解防城港市食品污染物中重金属污染状况。方法按照国家标准对防城港市辖区内的86份食品中铅、镉、汞金属进行监测检验。结果检测铅含量的样品84份,超标22份,超标率26.19%;检测镉含量的样品46份,超标15份,超标率32.61%;检测汞含量的样品25份,超标0份,超标率0.00%。结论防城港市各类食品受到不同程度的铅、镉污染,应加强对食品中重金属污染的监测,确保食品卫生安全。     

2011年濮阳市食品安全风险调查分析

目的了解濮阳市食品安全状况。方法按照2010年濮阳市食品污染物监测计划,采用原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光光谱法及化学法对我市各生产厂家、商场及农贸市场等各类食品中铅、镉、汞、铜、铝、二氧化硫、亚硝酸盐等进行调查分析。结果全年共采集各类食品755份,其中检测铅含量的样品450份,超标23份,超标率5.11%;检测镉含量的样品450份,超标25份,超标率5.56%;检测汞含量的样品340份,超标19份,超标率5.59%;检测铜含量的样品375份,超标4份,超标率1.07%;检测铝含量样品100份,超标39份,超标率39.00%;检测二氧化硫含量样品115份,超标36份,超标率40.00%;检测亚硝酸盐含量样品115份,超标20份,超标率17.40%。结论濮阳市食品中污染物指标含量合格率较高,但个别类食品仍受到不同程度的污染。     

中山市食品污染物中重金属的调查分析

目的：了解中山市食品污染物中重金属污染状况。方法：按照2004年广东省食品污染物监测计划并结合中山实际情况，采用食品卫生检验方法中石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法对我市各生产厂家、商场及农贸市场等各类食品中铅、铜、镉、汞金属进行检测。结果：全年共采集各类食品共939份，其中检测铅含量的样品939份，超标21份，超标率2．24％；检测铜含量的样品714份，超标30份，超标率4．20％；检测镉含量的样品218份，超标26份，超标率11．9％；检测汞含量的样品270份，超标41份，超标率15．2％。结论：中山市食品产品重金属含量合格率是较高的，但个别食品仍受不同程度的重金属污染。     

2017年-2018年临沂市常见食品中重金属和砷的污染调查分析

目的调查临沂市2017年-2018年常见食品中铅、镉、汞等重金属和砷的污染现状。方法按照国家标准检测方法检测食品中铅、镉、汞、砷的含量,并对检测结果评价。结果检测食品575份,共检测铅、镉、汞、砷2 285项次,检出铅、镉、汞、砷114项次,总检出率为4.98%,超标8项次,总超标率为0.35%。各监测项目中超标率从高到低依次为铅、镉、汞、砷,各类监测食品中,检出率从高到低依次为茶叶、豆类、蔬菜、水果,其余未检出。共检测食品中铅样品560份,5份超标样品,超标率为0.89%,其中豆类样品超标率最高,为3.00%;共检测食品中镉样品575份,3份超标样品,超标率为0.52%,其中豆类样品超标率最高,为1.00%;共检测食品中汞、砷样品575份,均未超标。结论临沂市常见食品中重金属和砷的污染程度较低,但仍存在一定程度的重金属污染,应引起关注并加强监管。     

平顶山市食品重金属污染监测报告

目的:了解铅、镉、汞、铜、铝等重金属对平顶山市食品污染状况,探讨、分析污染规律,提供防止食品化学性污染依据,保障群众食品安全。方法:选择平顶山各县(市)、区采样,每县市区抽取城区和乡镇3~5个(不同方位)监测点,按照拟定的食品样品进行采样,每县市区每类食品采集5个以上样品,全市采集样品400份以上,进行铅、镉、汞、铜、铝等金属元素含量检测。结果:53份猪肉样品中,未检出铜超标样品;109份粮食加工食品样品中,铝含量超标率为18.3%,其中油炸食品超标率最高,为81.2%;检测粮食、肉类、蔬菜等7类食品357份,铅超标率为2.8%,镉超标率为0.6%,汞超标率为2.0%,累计超标率为5.3%。结论:铜对食品(猪肉)的污染较轻;铝在粮食加工食品中存在严重污染;铅对多种食品存在污染;镉对食品的污染相对较轻。     

2014年绍兴地区食品中重金属监测结果分析

目的了解绍兴地区食品中重金属的污染水平,为绍兴地区食品中重金属污染的监管和环境污染治理提供依据。方法采用国家标准检测方法,于2014年对绍兴地区部分食品中铅、镉、总汞、总砷、镍、铬和铜的含量进行检测,按GB 2762─2012《食品中污染物限量》评价检测结果。结果共检测10类1384份食品中铅、镉、总汞和总砷,超标率分别为2.0%、3.0%、1.5%和0.22%,中位值分别为0.019、0.0085、0.0024和0.015 mg/kg;共检测8类273份样品中镍,检出率为48.4%,中位值为0.010 mg/kg;共检测7类255份样品中铬,检出率为14.9%,中位值为0.0050mg/kg;共检测9类486份样品中铜,检出率为94.0%,中位值为1.34 mg/kg。水产品、动物内脏和粮食的重金属超标率相对较高,分别为16.9%、7.9%和7.3%,梭子蟹中镉超标严重,超标率为38.9%。结论 2014年绍兴地区食品中重金属整体污染水平不高,但部分食品(水产品、动物内脏和粮食等)污染相对较突出,存在铅、镉、总汞和总砷超标问题。     

2014年滨州市食品中4种金属元素的污染情况

目的了解滨州市2014年食品中铅、镉、总汞、总砷元素污染情况。方法采集滨州市的农贸市场和食品商店等环节的5个品种160件样品用国标法进行了元素含量的检测,按GB 2762-2012《食品中污染物限量》进行评价。结果 160份产品合格率为92.5%,有12份元素含量超过了国家限量,超标率为7.5%,分别为50份蔬菜产品中有6份产品元素含量超过国家标准,包括5份汞元素超标和1份镉元素超标;50份水果样品中有1份油桃铅元素超标;20份小麦粉中有1份铅超标;20份大米中有1份铅和1份镉超标;20份鲜冻水产品中有2份镉元素超标。结论滨州市居民食品中重金属污染的问题较低,但应加强蔬菜、谷物及其制品以及水产品等食品重金属污染的检测和监管,降低食品重金属污染的健康风险。     

福建省宁德市食品中有害因子监测及结果分析

目的了解宁德市市售食品有害因子中重金属、农药残留的污染现状,为制定合理有效的控制措施提供科学依据。方法从宁德市超市、农贸市场、餐饮单位等采集各类食品,依据国家标准方法,监测重金属、农药残留的污染情况。结果对采集的90份各类食品样品进行了重金属铅、镉、汞含量的检测,其中铅超标11份,镉超标1份,汞无超标样品;对60份市售新鲜蔬菜样品进行农药残留的检测,其中氨基甲酸酯类超标13份,菊酯类超标1份,有机磷超标2份。结论宁德市市售食品中重金属铅污染较严重,新鲜蔬菜中农药残留氨基甲酸酯类污染较严重,建议有关部门进一步加大监管力度,控制污染,以保证食品的安全。     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.