云南锦鸡儿属药用植物物种多样性研究

对云南锦鸡儿属药用植物进行了分类和地理分布的研究，对藏药“渣玛兴”、“腰冒”，“扎马”及其它锦鸡儿属药用植物进行了讨论，为合理保护，开发，利用云南所产锦鸡儿属植物提供了依据。     

小叶锦鸡儿化学成分及药理作用研究进展

<正>小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla Lam.)系豆科锦鸡儿属植物,别名糜卜、黑柠条等,灌木,高1~2m,分布于我国山西、陕西、甘肃、四川、安徽、西藏、东北等地.小叶锦鸡儿耐旱耐寒,耐高温,是我国东北、华北、西北地区营造薪炭林、饲料林、防护林的理想树种.小叶锦鸡儿被朝医称为骨擔草,是朝鲜     

小叶锦鸡儿根生物碱的初步化学研究

小叶锦鸡儿根,用乙醇提取出总碱,硅胶柱层析分离得到一个单体生物碱I,经化学检验和光谱测定(UV、IR、MS、~1H—NMR、~(13)C~(13)NMR。),推断为大分子有机胺类生物碱。结构尚未最后确定。生物碱I系从本属植物中首次发现。水溶性生物碱有升压作用。     

皂帽花属与假鹰爪属的亲缘关系及化学成分研究进展

对番荔枝科皂帽花属与其近缘植物假鹰爪属的生源关系,从形态结构、叶的解剖形态和分子系统学3方面进行比较,结果显示两属植物在形态结构和解剖形态方面有明显差异,支持两属独立的观点;同时对近年来皂帽花属植物的化学成分和药理活性研究进展进行综述,并对该属植物与假鹰爪属植物在现有化学成分方面的相关性进行了探讨,结果发现两属植物中均含有A环全取代、B环未取代且具甲酰基取代的黄酮类化合物,而此类化合物之前被认为是假鹰爪属植物的特征化合物,因此从化学分类学的角度支持两属植物合并。对皂帽花属植物进行更深入的化学成分研究,应该能够为两属植物的分合提供更充分的依据。     

紫珠属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究进展

紫珠属植物成分复杂,主要含有萜类、黄酮类和挥发油等成分.药理作用广泛,主要表现在抗菌、抗病毒、镇痛以及神经系统等方面的作用.目前我国对紫珠属植物的研究较少.综述国内外对于紫珠属植物化学成分和药理学的研究成果,并主要对其所含有的萜类和黄酮类成分进行总结,另对该属植物研究开发的前景进行了讨论,以期有助于该属植物的进一步研究、开发和利用.     

石蒜属植物分类鉴别、药用成分及生物技术应用研究进展

介绍了当前石蒜属植物在形态学、细胞学、遗传学等不同水平上的分类方法并对石蒜属植物特有的生物学特性造成其分类鉴定的困难进行了总结。此外,还介绍了石蒜属植物生物碱,并且着重介绍了用于治疗老年性痴呆症的特效药石蒜属次生代谢产物加兰他敏生物代谢合成、提取分离和有机合成、半合成的研究进展情况;并就运用组织培养与无性繁殖等技术对石蒜属植物进行快繁,以满足市场需求进行了总结。最后对运用现代生物技术,通过基因改造,构建转基因植物进行了展望。     

锦鸡儿生物活性研究

目的考察锦鸡儿生物活性。方法采用清除DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基和FRAP法对锦鸡儿体外总抗氧化活性进行评价,并同时测定了体外α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和体外抗凝血活性。结果锦鸡儿具有一定的体外抗氧化、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性和体外抗凝血活性,其中以乙酸乙酯部位抗氧化和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性最强。结论锦鸡儿具有潜在的抗氧化和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。     

鄂尔多斯高原锦鸡儿属药用植物的ISSR分析

目的分析鄂尔多斯高原分布的8种锦鸡儿的遗传多样性。方法采用ISSR技术进行研究。结果8种锦鸡儿总的多态位点百分率(PPB)很高,达100%,表明它们的遗传多样性很丰富。但是在种间的分布是不均匀的,藏锦鸡儿、柠条锦鸡儿、狭叶锦鸡儿、荒漠锦鸡儿和中间锦鸡儿的遗传多样性较高,甘蒙锦鸡儿和秦晋锦鸡儿较低,短脚锦鸡儿最低。此结果与Nei′s基因多样度和Shannon信息指数的遗传多样性分析结果一致。根据非加全算术平均聚类法以及ISSR特征图谱可以将不同种区分开来。结论ISSR分子标记可很好地用于锦鸡儿物种的分子鉴定和遗传背景研究,其结果为制定有效的保护策略和措施提供了科学依据。     

中药锦鸡儿鞣质含量的变化

目的：对不同时期（2004—05、06、07和08）的甘蒙锦鸡儿、中间锦鸡儿、柠条锦鸡儿和荒漠锦坞儿的鞣质含量进行研究。方法：采用络合法。结果：各种锦鸡儿的鞣质含量在较干旱的5月明显高于6月、7月、8月时的含量，存在显著差异。结论：这种变化对锦鸡儿在环境干旱时增强抗旱性非常有利。同时确定5月为最佳采摘利用时期。     

重楼属植物分类学研究进展

对重楼属植物的分类学研究进行了综述。重楼属的分类学主要从5个方面进行研究：根据传统的形态学特征进行分类,根据植物体的显微特征,根据植物中的特征性化学成分进行分类,针对植物中细胞的DNA进行分类,进行重楼属植物的分类学的亲缘关系的研究。通过各种手段对重楼属植物进行分类学亲缘关系的研究探讨,有助于从不同角度对重楼属植物的分类学亲缘关系进行探讨,为明确重楼属植物的分类学亲缘关系奠定了理论基础。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.