不孕不育患者解脲脲支原体培养及耐药性研究

目的 了解不孕不育患者解脲脲支原体感染及耐药现状。方法 对168例不孕不育患者进行解脲脲支原体培养检测及体外药敏试验。结果 不孕不育患者感染解脲脲支原体阳性率34．5％，药敏结果显示对米诺环素和多西环素敏感高，均〉90％；其次为克拉霉素、阿奇霉素、交沙霉素，敏感率〉50％；对司帕沙星的耐药率最高，达37．9％。结论 解脲脲支原体在不孕不育患者中感染率较高，阳性患者对司帕沙星等抗菌药物耐药，诊治不孕不育应将支原体检查及其药敏试验作为常规检测项目。     

非淋病性尿道炎患者解脲脲支原体的耐药性分析

目的调查非淋病性尿道炎患者解脲脲支原体(Uu)感染及耐药性现状,为临床医师合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法采用珠海迪尔生物工程有限公司生产的支原体属分离培养药敏试剂盒对非淋病性尿道炎患者进行Uu培养和药敏试验。结果 Uu检测阳性率54.3%;Uu对喹诺酮类抗菌药物敏感率最低,对环丙沙星敏感率为5.5%,对氧氟沙星敏感率为6.1%;对多西环素、米诺环素、四环素、交沙霉素敏感率最高,分别为97.0%、96.0%、93.4%、80.0%;对红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素、左氧氟沙星、罗红霉素、司帕沙星敏感率为14.0%~75.9%。结论 Uu在非淋病性尿道炎患者中的感染率很高,应注意加以防范。     

女性泌尿生殖道感染解脲脲支原体的耐药现状

目的 探讨女性泌尿生殖道感染解脲脲支原体(Uu)的耐药现状,为临床医师抗感染治疗提供用药依据.方法 采用珠海迪尔生物工程有限公司生产的支原体培养药敏试剂盒对833例女性泌尿生殖道感染患者进行Uu培养和药敏试验.结果 Uu检测阳性率为52.9％;对Uu敏感率＞70.0％的抗菌药物有四环素、交沙霉素、多西环素、米诺环素、克拉霉素;面对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物环丙沙星、氧氟沙星敏感率最低,分别为9.3％和15.6％.结论 临床医师应加强对Uu的耐药性监测,按照药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物,以提高Uu感染的临床治愈率.     

2010-2011年解脲脲支原体感染的调查分析

目的了解解脲脲支原体(Uu)感染的情况及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供理论依据。方法采用珠海丽珠试剂股份有限公司生产的支原体属培养鉴定药敏试剂,对2010-2011年医院门诊妇产科、皮肤科及泌尿科30 260例患者送检的标本进行培养和药敏试验,并回顾性分析Uu感染的阳性率、特征及其对抗菌药物的耐药率,采用SPSS17.0软件对结果数据进行统计分析。结果 30 260例患者送检标本检出Uu阳性14 224例,Uu总感染率为47.0%,其中女性感染率为49.0%,男性感染率为38.9%,女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);2010年Uu感染率为48.9%,2011年为45.2%,两年Uu感染率相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);Uu对多西环素、米诺环素敏感性最强,敏感率均>99.1%,其次为交沙霉素、克拉霉素;对氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星和司帕沙星耐药率高,均>44.7%;两年Uu对多西环素、米诺环素敏感性稳定,对交沙霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素、氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星和司帕沙星的耐药率上升。结论 Uu感染率高,女性高于男性;对Uu感染的治疗首选多西环素、米诺环素。     

延边地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染状况及药敏分析

目的了解延边地区泌尿生殖道解脲支原体和人型支原体的感染状况及其对抗生素的敏感性。方法应用支原体培养、鉴定、药敏试剂盒,对2009年10月-2011年3月2 486例可疑支原体感染者的泌尿生殖道标本进行Uu和Mh检测,阳性者测定其对9种抗生素的敏感性。结果检出支原体阳性934例,检出率为37.57%;朝鲜族支原体阳性者617例,阳性率66.06%,汉族支原体阳性者317例,阳性率12.75%,朝鲜族阳性者高于汉族;Uu阳性714例,Mh阳性101例,Uu+Mh阳性119例;Uu对交沙霉素最敏感,其次为多西环素、司帕沙星、米诺环素;Mh对交沙霉素最敏感,其次为米诺环素、多西环素,司帕沙星;Uu+Mh阳性对交沙霉素和米诺环素敏感。结论延边地区泌尿生殖道支原体感染以Uu为主;对泌尿生殖道支原体进行药物敏感性检测,可为临床治疗用药提供可靠依据。     

泌尿生殖道解脲脲支原体的药物敏感性分析

目的了解泌尿生殖道解脲脲支原体(Uu)感染状况及对抗菌药物的敏感性,为临床提供抗感染治疗的科学依据。方法回顾性调查2006年1月~2008年12月送检的泌尿生殖道分泌物标本解脲脲支原体培养的阳性结果。结果Uu检测总阳性率49.9%,其中女性阳性率60.5%,男性阳性率24.9%;Uu的耐药性特点为对喹诺酮类抗菌药物敏感率最低,对环丙沙星和氧氟沙星敏感率分别为15.0%和20.2%;对普那霉素、多西环素、交沙霉素、四环素敏感率最高,分别为99.8%、98.6%、92.8%、91.9%。结论Uu对常用抗菌药物已产生了不同程度的耐药性,泌尿生殖道Uu感染必须参照药敏试验结果,选用敏感率高的抗菌药物进行治疗。     

衡阳地区支原体临床分离株对抗生素耐药性监测

目的比较四环素类、大环内酯类和喹诺酮类三类抗菌药物对解脲脲原体(Uu)和人型支原体(Mh)的抗菌作用,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法采用直接肉汤药盘法测定了临床标本中195株Uu和118株Mh对三类抗菌药物中的8种抗生素的敏感性。结果195株Uu对四环素、多西环素、米诺环素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星的敏感率分别为21.0%、48.2%、39.5%、79.0%、88.7%、74.9%、28.2%和64.6%。118株Mh对四环素、多西环素、米诺环素、罗红霉素、阿齐霉素、交沙霉素、氧氟沙星、司帕沙星的敏感率分别为5.1%、33.9%、26.3%、0.0%、0.0%、89.8%、70.3%和64.4%。960例混合感染的Uu Mh,对交沙霉素最敏感(79.2%)。结论泌尿生殖道支原体的耐药性监测对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

410例解脲支原体感染以及药敏结果分析

目的:了解泌尿生殖系统支原体感染情况及对抗菌药物的敏感性。方法:培养鉴别定量药敏试剂盒。结果:420例泌尿生殖道感染患者支原体211例阳性率为50.7%,男女性别阳性率分别为40.7%和51.6%,经统计学处理,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。药敏结果表明,米诺霉素、多西环素敏感度明显高于其他抗菌药物。结论:解脲支原体对各种抗菌药物已产生一定的耐药性,在治疗时应参考药敏结果。     

女性泌尿生殖道解脲脲支原体感染现状及耐药性调查

目的了解女性泌尿生殖道解脲脲支原体(Uu)感染状况及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供试验依据。方法对601例泌尿生殖道感染标本采用珠海迪尔生物有限公司生产的试剂盒进行支原体属培养和药敏试验。结果 Uu培养阳性率为31.1%,Uu对12种抗菌药物的药敏试验结果表明,Uu对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物环丙沙星和氧氟沙星敏感率最低为9.1%、15.0%,对四环素、交沙霉素、多西环素、克拉霉素、米诺环素敏感率均>70.0%。结论 Uu对常用抗菌药物已产生了不同程度的耐药性,因此,将支原体属培养和药敏试验纳入常规检测项目,对临床医师正确诊断疾病和针对性抗感染治疗非常必要。     

泌尿生殖道感染解脲脲支原体耐药性分析

目的调查泌尿生殖道感染解脲脲支原体(Uu)耐药性现状,为临床医师选择抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法采用法国生物梅里埃公司Mycoplasma IST2支原体试剂盒对1347例泌尿生殖道感染患者进行Uu培养和药敏试验。结果 Uu检测阳性率为52.7%,Uu对普那霉素、多西环素、交沙霉素敏感率很高,分别为100.0%、98.3%、96.8%;对红霉素、四环素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素敏感率较高,为59.5%～92.0%;而对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物环丙沙星、氧氟沙星敏感率仅11.0%和23.5%。结论目前Uu对氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物耐药率很高,应合理使用抗菌药物,尤其要慎用氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物,才能提高Uu感染的临床治愈率。     

Demographics of disenrollment from SCHIP: evidence from NJ KidCare

The State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) provides health insurance coverage for children in low-income families. Although there is evidence of substantial disenrollment from SCHIP, few studies have examined how disenrollment varies by demographic characteristics. This study uses data from administrative records of all 41,881 children enrolled prior to April 2000 in NJ KidCare (New Jersey's SCHIP) separate state plans for families with incomes between 133% and 350% of the Federal Poverty Level. Survival methods were used to analyze disenrollment according to demographic and plan characteristics. Reasons for disenrollment were also studied. Overall, 18.9% of children disenrolled within 12 months of enrollment. Disenrollment was higher among non-Hispanic black children, children aged 1 to 5, and children without siblings in NJ KidCare than among their counterparts. Surprisingly, English speakers had the highest disenrollment rate of all language groups. Children in families with moderate income categories for whom premium contributions were required were 3 times as likely as lower-income children to disenroll, principally due to non-payment of premiums. To maximize retention in SCHIP and ensure access to care and continuity of care for low-income children, research is needed concerning why some groups disenroll more quickly.     

Absorption of calcium from tortilla meals prepared from low-phytate maize

BACKGROUND: Calcium fortification of maize has been achieved for millennia in Central America by the process of nixtamalization. Bioavailability of calcium is, however, compromised by phytate, which is present in large quantities in maize kernels and is only modestly reduced by nixtamalization. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compare the absorption of calcium from tortilla meals prepared from low-phytate maize with that from meals prepared from maize with typical phytate content. DESIGN: At 1-mo intervals, 5 healthy adult women were fed 2 test meals of approximately 140 g tortillas in lieu of breakfast. On one occasion, the tortillas were prepared from maize with approximately 60% phytate reduction, and, on the other occasion, they were prepared from the matching isohybrid wild-type maize. Beginning midway through the test meal, (44)Ca (0.3 mg/kg body wt) was administered in water as an extrinsic label; (42)Ca (0.06 mg/kg body wt) was administered intravenously immediately after the test meal. Isotope ratios of (42)Ca to (43)Ca and of (44)Ca to (43)Ca were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in urine collected as an 8-h pool from the period 16-24 h after intravenous tracer administration and prepared by the oxalate precipitation method. Fractional absorption of calcium was determined by using a dual-isotope ratio technique. RESULTS: Mean fractional absorption of calcium from tortillas prepared from the low-phytate maize (0.50 +/- 0.03) was significantly (P = 0.003) greater than that from tortillas prepared from the control maize (0.35 +/- 0.07). CONCLUSION: The increase in the quantity of calcium absorbed could be of practical importance for calcium nutriture when the intake of dairy products is limited.     

Identification of picobirnavirus from faeces of Italian children suffering from acute diarrhea

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of nucleic acid extracted from stool samples of diarrhoeic children revealed in 3 out of 690 (0.43 %) specimens two electrophoretic bands with a migration pattern characteristic of picobirnavirus ds-RNA. In none of the 92 control children were similar bands detected. No other potential enteric pathogens were found in the patients with picobirnavirus infection.     

Comparison of influenza viruses isolated from man and from whales.

Four isolates of influenza virus strains from Moscow and Habarovsk that caused outbreaks of influenza in November and December 1977 in several cities of the USSR were studied and their haemagglutinins and neuraminidases were compared with those of other human and animal influenza viruses including A/whale/Pacific Ocean/76. In H1 tests these isolates, designated A/USSR/77, reacted with immune serum against A/FM/1/47 (H1N1) to the homologous titre, and with antiserum against A/whale/PO/19/76 virus to 1/8 of the homologous titre. In neuraminidase inhibition tests all A/USSR/77 isolates showed the presence of human N1 type neuraminidase, more closely related to A/sw/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1) than to A/FM/1/47 (H1N1) virus. The haemagglutinin of A/whale/Pacific Ocean/19/76 virus occupies an intermediate position between H0 and H1, but its neuraminidase is close to Nav2. The virus from whales multiplies better at low (28°C) and at high (40°C) temperatures than do the viruses of human origin that were tested.