应用移动式数字成像系统行冠状动脉内支架植入术(附13例报告)

应用移动式数字成像系统成功地在13例冠心病患者植入14个冠脉内支架.术后造影示管腔扩张满意,无残余狭窄.心绞痛较术前明显减轻或消失.1例术后穿刺部位血肿,无其它并发症.说明冠脉内支架植入术是一种安全有效的治疗方法.     

应用小C臂X光机行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术110例

旨在总结小Ｃ臂Ｘ光机在经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(ＰＴＣＡ)中的应用价值。一、资料和方法1 一般资料 :110例患者中 ,男 97例 ,女 13例 ,平均年龄(5 5 3± 8 9)岁 ,患者均有心肌缺血的临床症状或客观证据。单支病变 6 8例 ,二支病变 36例 ,三支病变 6例。需扩张病变 148处 :Ａ型病变 39处 ,Ｂ型 86处 ,Ｃ型 2 3处。2 方法 :在意大利产ＡｒｃｏＳｉ型小Ｃ臂Ｘ光机下完成。ＰＴＣＡ按Ｇｒｕｎｔｚｉｇ方法进行。术前 3ｄ口服噻氯匹定 (2 5 0ｍｇ,2次 /ｄ) ,阿司匹林 (0 3,1次 /ｄ) ,术中经动脉鞘管注入肝素 1万Ｕ。球囊直径通常与参照血管直…     

44例经皮冠状动脉腔内切割球囊成形术的临床评价

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉腔内切割球囊成形术(PTCBA)的手术适应证及临床疗效.方法我院自1999年1月至2000年10月,共有44例病人应用了经皮冠状动脉腔内切割球囊成形术(percutaneoustransluminalcuttingballoonangioplasty,PTCBA),观察了44例病人的一般临床特征、冠脉病变特点及过程相关因素、手术成功率、并发症和随访结果.结果44例病人中不稳定心绞痛和劳累型心绞痛占81.8%(36/44),切割球囊技术应用于支架术前预扩张占25%(13/52)、支架内再狭窄治疗占总例数的46.1%(24/52).前降支开口病变占前降支病变的40.6%(13/32).病变类型以B1、B2型病变为主.PTCBA术失败合并传统球囊和支架术的病例4例(4处病变),原因为切割球囊术后内膜撕裂1例、残余狭窄>30%的1例及切割球囊未通过病变的2例.2例球囊未通过的病变分别合并中度钙化、严重扭曲.总手术成功率达100%,切割技术手术成功率达90.1%(4/44),无围术期死亡、急性心梗及急诊冠脉移植术,均在术后10天内出院.平均随访(5.3±3.5)个月,随访率为95%(38/40).无死亡和急性心肌梗死心脏事件发生,临床心绞痛复发率21.1%(8/38).复查冠脉造影率为50.5%(21/38),被证实为支架内再狭窄5例(冠脉造影再狭窄率23.8%).结论有选择地应用PTCBA技术替代传统球囊扩张术是安全有效的;为支架内再狭窄病人的治疗提供了有效的手段.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术和冠状动脉支架术在复杂冠脉病变中的应用--附37例报告

目的:评价经皮腔冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)及冠脉内支架术治疗复杂冠状动脉病变的疗效.方法:以美国ACC/AHA专家组提出的冠状动脉病变B、C二型特征为复杂病变诊断标准,对37例复杂冠脉血管病变患者施行PTCA,其中34例患者冠脉内置入支架.结果:手术成功率为97.4%(36/37),无死亡病例.达到完全血运重建者21 例,部分血运重建15例,PTCA未成功1例.术后症状明显减轻或缓解.结论:PTCA及冠脉内支架是治疗复杂冠脉血管病变的有效手段,有助于缓解患者心绞痛症状.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术13例报告

本文报告我院13例次PTCA的初步结果(单支病变11例次,多支病变2例次),其中100％闭塞2例次,血管分叉部位病变2例次,一例采用了双球囊技术;9例次(69.2％)患者12处(75.0％)病变PTCA获得成功。一例合并严重冠状动脉痉挛导致急性心内膜下心肌梗塞。     

补救性经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术治疗急性心肌梗塞

目的探讨补救性经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（ＰＴＣＡ）在治疗急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）中的作用。方法对溶栓治疗失败的３６例患者进行补救性ＰＴＣＡ治疗。患者心功能Ｋｉｌｐ分级：Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级４例，Ⅱ级和Ⅰ级３２例。冠状动脉造影显示梗塞相关动脉：前降支１７例，右冠状动脉１４例，回旋支４例，中间动脉１例。ＰＴＣＡ前ＴＩＭＩⅠ级和Ⅰ～Ⅱ级血流各２例，余３２例均为ＴＩＭＩ０级。３６例均进行ＰＴＣＡ治疗，其中１３例患者置入了支架。结果术中除３例失败外，３１例患者病变血管血流达到ＴＩＭＩⅢ级，２例ＴＩＭＩⅡⅢ级，残余狭窄≤５０％，成功率为９１．７％。院内并发症：１例在ＰＴＣＡ成功后当天因顽固性休克和心室纤颤死亡；１例于第３天死于心脏破裂，住院病死率为５．６％。１４例患者在术后１～２个月内复查冠状动脉造影，２例发生再狭窄。结论ＡＭＩ患者在溶栓治疗失败后，在有条件的医院可施行补救性ＰＴＣＡ治疗，成功率高，对改善患者的近期和远期预后可能有利     

急性心肌梗塞急诊经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术的初步体会(附25例报告)

报告25例急性心肌梗塞病人的急诊经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA).男21例、女4例,梗塞相关血管为左前降支14支、右冠状动脉10支、回旋支1支,成功率为88.3%.术前平均狭窄达95.7%±5.5%,术后残余狭窄平均为17.3%±10.3%、笔者认为采用合适的导引管及选择硬度较大的导丝对成功有极大帮助.2例病人术中出现冠脉急性关闭,一例病人术后第4天出现迟发血管关闭,均经解痉、溶栓及再次PTCA处理成功.本文讨论了急性心肌梗塞时急诊PTCA的利弊关系及操作过程.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术和冠状动脉支架植入术中并发症及处理

目的 :探讨经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术 (PTCA)和血管支架植入术 (Stenting)的并发症及处理方法。方法 :1996年 10月至 1999年 10月冠心病 6 5例 ,男 5 8例 ,女 7例 ,不稳定心绞痛 41例 ,心肌梗塞后恢复期 15例 ,劳累心绞痛 9例。冠状动脉造影显示单支病变 16例 ,双支病变 2 8例 ,三支病变 2 1例。A型病变 10例 ,B型病变 30例 ,C型病变 2 5例 ,LVEF36 %～ 92 % ,平均 5 4%。应用介入心脏技术共治疗病变血管 96支 ,46例 5 9支血管植入 73个不同种类的血管支架。结果 :术中发生并发症 9例次 ,包括血管内膜撕裂 (2例 ) ,心室纤颤 (2例 ) ,急性血管闭塞 (2例 ) ,心包填塞 (1例 ) ,支架脱落 (1例 )和钢丝穿破血管 (1例 ) ,并发症发生率 13 8%。 70个支架植入成功 ,3个失败 ,支架植入成功率 95 9%。结论 :血管支架对于冠心病治疗具有很好效果 ,但会发生一些难以预测的并发症 ,及时发现和处理至关重要。     

急性心肌梗塞直接经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术

目的观察急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）患者应用直接经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（ＰＴＣＡ）的安全性和有效性。方法对１１４例ＡＭＩ患者在发病１２小时内行直接ＰＴＣＡ术,其中有５例心原性休克的患者。梗塞相关血管（共１１５支血管）：左主干３例（２．６％）,前降支５６例（４８．７％）,回旋支１２例（１０４％）,右冠状动脉４４例（３８．５％）。ＴＩＭＩ血流：０级８２例（７１．３％）,１级１７例（１４．７％）,２级１６例（１４．０％）。结果１１１例患者手术成功,ＴＩＭＩ血流３级（９７．４％）。住院期间死亡３例（２．６％）,均为心原性休克患者,其中２例经紧急冠状动脉旁路移植术后死亡。８５例患者置入了冠状动脉内支架（７３．９％）。随访９５例患者,２例后期死于心力衰竭,９例出院后出现心肌缺血,其中８例再次行ＰＴＣＡ术。结论直接ＰＴＣＡ是治疗急性心肌梗塞的安全有效措施,成功率较高,并发症少;术后复发心肌缺血发生率较溶栓治疗低。     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of coronary artery embolism

A 35-yr-old woman with known valvular heart disease presented with acute myocardial infarction. Angiography demonstrated a totally occluded distal left anterior descending coronary artery. Though initially successful, angioplasty ultimately failed to maintain arterial patency, leaving a more distal total occlusion after several balloon inflations. In spite of this, PTCA possibly provided a more localized infarction via a peripheral mobilization of the embolus.     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty through 4 french diagnostic catheters

The use of 4 French (4F) diagnostic catheters as guiding catheters for coronary angio-plasty using fixed-wire balloons in 2 patients with a stenosis of the right and left anterior descending coronary artery, respectively, is reported.     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. A report of 100 cases

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was performed in 100 coronary heart patients with 122 vessels and 138 lesions dilated. Among these 100 cases, there were 39 complex PTCA performed. The primary success rate was 93% (93/100), was 94.3% (115/122) according to vessel dilated and was 92.1% (127/138) according to lesion dilated. In 4 cases whose lesions were located at the bifurcation of the vessel, kissing balloon technique via a single guiding catheter was applied with success. In 5 cases of total occlusion PTCA was performed with success in 4. PTCA with stent in 1. PTCA was performed in 1 cases of high risk whose LVEF was only 30% and coronary hemoperfusion pump was used during the procedure. Emergency PTCA was performed in 3 AMI patients during the acute phase and elective PTCA in 8 AMI cases after successful thrombolytic therapy. There were complications in 9 cases (9%). Among these 9 cases, 2 developed O-wave MI which recovered after medicinal therapy. One AMI complicated with heart failure was treated by emergency PTCA with success, but the patient died 10 days after PTCA due to pump failure and pulmonary infection. There were no deaths due to PTCA, nor was emergency coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) performed. These cases were followed for 1-30 months on an average of 13 months. Clinical success rate was 91.3%. The clinical success rate was 93.1% by 201Tl perfusion study. Restenosis in 7 cases was confirmed by coronary angiography. For these restenotic cases, PTCA was repeated with success in 4, CABG performed in 1, coronary atherectomy in 1, and medicinal therapy employed in 1 patient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

经皮冠状动脉球囊成形术中反复扩张与缺血预适应现象的临床观察

目的为探讨经皮冠状动脉腔内成形(PTCA)术中反复多次球囊扩张阻断血流-再灌注是否能达到缺血预处理结果.方法连续观察97例患者PTCA术中心电图、心绞痛情况.结果①97例患者中有18例于首次扩张中出现室性早搏,再次扩张后仅有4例仍有早搏.首次扩张检出率明显高于后者(P<0.05);②首次扩张时68例ST-T改变的患者,反复扩张后仅有26例仍有改变,而且临床心绞痛程度减轻.结论①短暂反复的冠脉球囊扩张可减轻心肌细胞的电不稳定性;②首次较长时间的扩张后再灌注,可对急性缺血产生缺血预适应现象.     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: Comparison of arterial vs. venous activated clotting time

When arterial blood samples for activated clotting time (ACT) are difficult to obtain from the arterial sheath during coronary intervention, venous ACT serves as a substitute. Data are lacking on whether arterial and venous ACT are identical and whether one can serve as an effective substitute for the other. Forty-eight patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) were prospectively evaluated to answer this question. Simultaneous arterial and venous ACT samples were drawn from femoral artery and vein vascular sheaths before and during each procedure, and ACT values were determined with a Hemochron automated electronic timer. Porcine heparin dosing was guided by arterial ACT in the first 25 patients and by venous ACT in the last 23 patients. The target ACT value used for continued heparin dosing was 400 sec. At baseline and throughout the study up to 60 min, venous ACT was slightly and significantly greater than arterial ACT. Despite this statistical difference in ACT values, there was no difference in complication rate between the two groups, and the amount of heparin used during either guiding regimen was the same. Therefore, although venous ACT values are slightly higher than arterial, the more convenient venous ACT can be safely used to guide heparin dosing during PTCA when using a target ACT value of 400 sec. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术的临床应用──附161例报告

经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（PTCA）已广泛应用于冠心病的治疗［’］。我们自1991年一1996年对161例病人进行了IqC．ra治疗，现对其临床疗效进行初步评价。对象和方法l、临床资料19911510月一1996年12月共完成IqCA161例。男性140例，女性ZI例。平均年龄57．IL14．2（36－84）岁。其中稳定性心绞痛86例，不稳定型心绞痛75例。证实至少有1支血管直径＞扣％狭窄ZlyTwx方法按照Gnientrig等操作方法进行。部分全闭血管病人采用双侧冠状动脉顺序造影以显示闭塞血管长度［’］．成功标准：所扩张血管残留狭窄小于50％且无严重并发症。3疗效评价…     

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in multivessel coronary disease patients: short- and long-term follow-up in single and multiple dilatations

Transluminal coronary angioplasty was successfully performed in 658 of 752 patients with multivessel disease. An angiographic success was achieved in 1198 of 1358 lesions (88%). One lesion was attempted in 338 patients (45%); 2 in 273 (37%); 3, in 101 (13%); and, 4 or more in 40 cases (5.3%). Significant complications occurred in 39 patients (5.2%): 19 (2.5%) had a transmural infarction; 26 (3.5%) required urgent myocardial revascularization; and 14 (1.9%) died. An apparent lesion recurrence occurred in 233 of 658 (35%) patients with 162 of 171 (95%) having a successful second coronary angioplasty. A second apparent lesion recurrence occurred in 37 of 162 patients (23%) with 24 of 28 (86%) having a successful third coronary angioplasty. Clinical improvement (mean follow-up: 31 +/- 17 months) persisted in 81% of successful patients. The cumulative probability of survival was 91.5% at 72 months. Survival was adversely affected, at 63 months, by the presence of prior bypass surgery (no prior bypass surgery, 94% vs. prior bypass surgery, 86%; p less than 0.05): at 24 months by a low left ventricular ejection fraction (less than or equal to 35%, 82% vs. left ventricular ejection fraction greater than 35%, 95%; p less than 0.01) and, at 57 months, in the multiple dilatation group with prior bypass surgery (no bypass surgery 96% vs. prior bypass surgery 84%; p less than 0.05). Multiple dilatation had a beneficial effect upon survival, at 27 months, in patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 35% [single dilatation, 74% vs. multiple dilatation, 93%; p less than 0.001], and in patients greater than or equal to 70 years, at 39 months (79% vs. multiple dilatation, 92%; p less than 0.01). These data suggest that coronary angioplasty can be an effective treatment in patients with multivessel coronary disease without the need to dilate all diseased vessels, with good success, acceptable complication rates, and a reasonable expectation of satisfactory long-term clinical improvement.