普拉克索治疗帕金森病的系统评价

目的 系统评价普拉克索治疗帕金森病(Pakinson's disease,PD)的临床疗效.方法 通过检索Pubmed、Embase、Cochrane Database及中国生物医学文献数据库,检索国内外2007年4月前已发表的普拉克索对照安慰剂治疗PD的临床研究.对所纳入的研究进行质量评价及meta分析.结果 共纳入10项随机对照试验(RCT)研究(纳入患者1738例),meta分析结果 显示:普拉克索可以降低PD患者统一PD评分量表(UPDRS)总分[加权均数差值(WMD)=-10.01,95%CI(-12.76～-7.26)]、UPDRSⅡ分值[WMD=-2.44,95%CI(-2.93～-1.95)]以及UPDRSⅢ分值[WMD=-6.61,95%C/(-8.38～-4.84)];普拉克索还可以降低晚期PD患者UPDRS Ⅳ分值[WMD=-0.73,95%CI(一1.16～-0.30)],以上结果 皆有统计学意义(P＜0.05).3项研究比较了普拉克索与安慰剂治疗震颤的疗效,研究间存在异质性,其中2项研究显示疗效差异有统计学意义.结论 普拉克索可以缓解患者的运动症状,改善生活质量.普拉克索具有改善治疗震颤的趋势,还需要更多的RCT研究进一步证实.     

黄连素对精神分裂症患者血脂水平影响的Meta分析

目的系统评价黄连素对精神分裂症患者血脂水平的影响,为精神分裂症患者血脂干预方案的选择提供参考。方法系统检索英文数据库(PubMed、PsycINFO、Embase、Cochrane Library)和中文数据库(中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库),纳入关于黄连素对精神分裂症患者血脂水平影响的随机对照研究(RCT)。由两位研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取和方法学质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3进行Meta分析。结果共纳入3篇RCT,包括207例精神分裂症患者,其中黄连素组103例,对照组104例。Meta分析结果显示,黄连素组的甘油三脂水平低于对照组(WMD=-0.54,95%CI:-0.75～-0.33),差异有统计学意义(P0.01);黄连素组胆固醇水平低于对照组(WMD=-0.48,95%CI:-0.67～-0.29),差异有统计学意义(P0.01);黄连素组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于对照组(WMD=-0.56,95%CI:-0.74～-0.38),差异有统计学意义(P0.01);黄连素组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高于对照组(WMD=0.06,95%CI:0.02～0.10),差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论黄连素联合抗精神病药物可改善精神分裂症患者的血脂水平,调控脂肪代谢。     

急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑白质病变与HbA1c水平的相关性分析

目的探讨初发急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑白质病变(cerebral white matter disease,WMD)的血管危险因素,及其与Hb A1c水平的相关性。方法纳入初发急性缺血性脑卒中患者,收集患者入院当时及入院后第2天的影像学资料和血生化检查资料,根据患者WMD分级标准将患者分为4级。详细记录患者的人口统计学资料,血管危险因素和FLAIR序列显示的WMD影像资料并进行比较和分析。结果共纳入512例首发急性缺血性脑卒中患者,其中男性320(62.5%)例,460(89.8%)例患者存在WMD,其中无WMD患者52例,轻度WMD患者205例,中度WMD患者139例,重度WMD患者116例。单变量分析显示,高龄、高血压、肾小球滤过率降低,Hb A1c水平降低,男性与WMD呈正相关(P0.05)。进一步的多变量Logistic回归发现,高龄、高血压和Hb A1c增高是WMD的独立危险因素。结论急性缺血性脑卒中患者Hb A1c增高是WMD的独立危险因素之一。     

C反应蛋白在缺血性卒中病情以及预后评估中的价值

目的探讨C反应蛋白水平(CRP)与初次缺血性卒中的病情的严重程度以及预后的相关性。方法连续性纳入2013年10月-2014年6月在郑州大学附属洛阳中心医院神经内科住院的发病时间≤72 h的首发缺血性卒中患者(CT或核磁共振证实),进行回顾性分析,按发病至入院时间在24 h、48 h、72 h之内将患者分组,进行CRP测定,同时在入院时及住院第10天分别进行NIHSS评分,分析两者的相关性。结果共纳入103例符合标准的缺血性卒中患者。发病24 h、48 h和72 h内入院患者,C反应蛋白水平比较无统计学差异。72 h内所有入院患者,CRP水平与入院时NIHSS评分严重程度正相关(r=0.683,P0.001);其中CRP≥6 mg/L患者的CRP值与NIHSS评分正相关(r=0.661,P0.001),而CRP6 mg/L患者的CRP值与NIHSS评分无相关性(r=-0.117,P=0.322)。72 h内入院患者的CRP值与住院10 d的NIHSS评分相对恢复率呈负相关(r=-0.252,P=0.010);其中经调整的CRP≥6 mg/L患者的CRP值与住院10 d时NIHSS评分相对恢复率呈负相关(r=-0.449,P=0.019)。结论 C反应蛋白可作为缺血性脑卒中发病严重程度以及预后判断的监控指标,是缺血性脑卒中发生、发展以及预后评价的敏感指标。     

影响青年脑卒中短期预后危险因素的系统评价

目的 评估影响青年脑卒中短期预后的危险因素.方法 计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、中国学术期刊全文数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库和万方数据库,收集影响青年脑卒中短期预后危险因素的相关文献.应用RevMan 4.2.10软件对各个纳入研究的结果进行一致性检验和数据合并,并评估发表偏倚.结果 共纳入4项研究.系统评价显示危险因素影响短期预后的结果为:发病年龄[WMD=0.32,95％CI( -0.49～1.14)];男性[OR=1.11,95％CI(0.88～1.4)];女性[OR＝0.90,95％CI(0.71～1.13)];高血压病[OR＝1.04,95％CI(0.81～1.33)];糖尿病史[OR＝0.53,95％CI(0.39～0.71)];既往脑卒中家族史[OR=0.61,95％CI(0.37～1.01)];既往TIA史[OR＝2.46,95％CI(1.47～4.12)];甘油三酯水平[WMD＝0.09,95％CI(-0.10～0.27)];胆固醇水平[WMD＝-0.09,95％CI( -0.23～0.05)];入院时血糖水平[WMD=-0.71,95％CI( -1.05～ -0.37)].结论 糖尿病史、既往TIA病史、入院时血糖水平是青年脑卒中患者短期预后的独立预测因子,未发现发病年龄、性别、高血压病史、脑卒中家族史、TG、CHO对青年脑卒中患者短期预后的影响,有待于进一步研究.     

上臂电子血压计与水银血压计测量一致性的Meta分析

目的评价电子血压计与水银血压计测量血压值的一致性。方法计算机检索及手工辅助检索1952—2015年在中文医学期刊和外文医学期刊已公开发表的有关上臂电子血压计与水银血压计检测血压值一致性的文献,将符合文献纳入标准的研究进行质量评价,使用Review Manager 5.1进行Meta分析。结果符合纳入标准的随机对照试验文献12篇,上臂电子血压计与水银血压计测量具有一致性。收缩压WMD=1.26,95%CI=-0.47~2.98(P0.01);舒张压WMD=-0.47,95%CI=-0.97~0.03,P0.01。结论上臂电子血压计可以替代水银血压计。本Meta分析期待能有更多的有价值的、高质量的临床随机对照试验予以验证。     

A2DS2评分诊断中国缺血性脑卒中相关性肺炎准确性的Meta分析

目的评价A2DS2评分诊断中国缺血性脑卒中相关性肺炎患者的准确性及临床适应性。方法通过检索Medline、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane、Web of Science、万方、中国知网、维普、中国生物医学数据库自建库至2020年2月发表的文献,筛选应用A2DS2评分预测中国缺血性脑卒中患者发生肺炎的相关文献,采用QUADAS-2风险评估标准对纳入文献进行质量评价,采用Meta分析评价A2DS2评分诊断中国缺血性脑卒中相关性肺炎患者的准确性,采用Deek检验评价文献发表偏倚,采用范根图评价A2DS2评分的临床适用性。结果最终纳入12篇文献,共7719例患者。Meta分析显示A2DS2评分的诊断比值比(DOR)为18(95%CI:12~27),合并灵敏度为0.76(95%CI:0.68~0.82),合并特异度为0.85(95%CI:0.80~0.88),合并阳性似然比为5.02(95%CI:3.91~6.44),合并阴性似然比为0.29(95%CI:0.22~0.38)。A2DS2评分诊断中国缺血性脑卒中相关性肺炎的综合受试者工作特征(SROC)曲线的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.88(95%CI:0.85~0.91)。Deek检验结果显示各纳入文献无明显发表偏倚(P>0.05)。范根图显示A2DS2评分的临床适用性较好。结论A2DS2评分对中国缺血性脑卒中相关性肺炎具有较好的诊断价值,可用于临床初步筛查缺血性脑卒中相关性肺炎患者。     

C反应蛋白在缺血性脑卒中的临床意义

目的 探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)水平与缺血性卒中的病情及预后的关系.方法 对112例缺血性卒中患者按照梗死面积、病情、预后进行分组并检测血清CRP水平.结果 大灶脑梗死组CRP水平显著高于腔隙性脑梗死组(P＜0.01),重型组的CRP水平明显高于中型、轻型患者(P＜0.01),CRP水平异常组的神经功能恢复较正常组差,病死率高于正常组(P＜0.05).结论 CRP水平可作为缺血性脑卒中判断病情及预后的生物学指标.     

急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清白细胞介素-33水平变化及其与预后相关性的Meta分析

目的 探讨缺血性脑卒中(cerebral ischemic stroke, CIS)患者血清白细胞介素-33(interleukin-33,IL-33)水平变化及其在评估CIS患者预后中的价值。方法 检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Cochrane library、Embase以及Web of Science数据库收录的有关CIS患者血清IL-33水平变化的临床对照研究，检索时间均为建库至2022-10-20。按照文献纳入与排除标准筛选文献，依据纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表对纳入的研究进行质量评价。采用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析，比较CIS患者与健康对照组间以及CIS患者不同预后者间血清IL-33水平的差异。结果 共纳入19篇文献，其中16篇文献探究了急性CIS患者血清IL-33水平的变化，涉及1590例CIS患者和健康体检者971人；7篇文献探究了IL-33在CIS预后中的价值，涉及882例CIS患者，其中535例预后良好和347例预后不良。血清IL-33水平与CIS相关性的Meta分析结果显示，与健康体检者相比，CIS患者血清IL-3...     

血浆基质金属蛋白酶-9预测缺血性脑卒中出血转化精确度的系统评价

目的 研究血浆基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)预测缺血性脑卒中出血转化的精确度.方法 纳入血浆MMP-9预测急性缺血性脑卒中出血转化的临床研究,对血浆MMP-9预测急性缺血性脑卒中出血转化的临床研究进行检索和评价,提取精确度指标,使用Revman 4.2和SPSS 11.0进行统计学处理.结果 (1)共纳入5个研究,包括497例缺血性脑卒中患者,出血转化者109例(21.9%).纳入研究的方法学质量较高,但异质性较大(x2=30.27,P<0.01).(2)亚组分析结果显示,合并诊断比值比为57.25(95%CI:23.57～139.04),合并特异度达89.9%(95%CI:86.4%～93.5%),合并灵敏度为86.5%(95%CI:77.3%～96.8%).结论 血浆MMP-9水平可能能预测急性缺血性脑卒中出血转化;但病例数较少,还需要研究证实.     

Constraint-induced movement therapy in treatment of acute and sub-acute stroke: a meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of constraint-induced movement therapy in acute and sub-acute stroke.DATA SOURCES: The key words were stroke, cerebrovascular accident, constraint-induced therapy, forced use, and randomized controlled trial. The databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang, Weipu Information Resources System, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Pub Med, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, were searched for studies on randomized controlled trials for treating acute or sub-acute stroke published before March 2016. DATA SELECTION: We retrieved relevant randomized controlled trials that compared constraint-induced movement therapy in treatment of acute or sub-acute stroke with traditional rehabilitation therapy(traditional occupational therapy). Patients were older than 18 years, had disease courses less than 6 months, and were evaluated with at least one upper extremity function scale. Study quality was evaluated, and data that met the criteria were extracted. Stata 11.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the arm, the action research-arm test, a motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement, the Wolf motor function test, and a modified Barthel index.RESULTS: A total of 16 prospective randomized controlled trials(379 patients in the constraint-induced movement-therapy group and 359 in the control group) met inclusion criteria. Analysis showed significant mean differences in favor of constraint-induced movement therapy for the Fugl–Meyer motor assessment of the arm(weighted mean difference(WMD) = 10.822; 95% confidence intervals(95% CI): 7.419–14.226), the action research-arm test(WMD = 10.718; 95% CI: 5.704–15.733), the motor activity log for amount of use and quality of movement(WMD = 0.812; 95% CI: 0.331–1.293) and the modified Barthel index(WMD = 10.706; 95% CI: 4.417–16.966). CONCLUSION: Constraint-induced movement therapy may be more beneficial than traditional rehabilitation therapy for improving upper limb function after acute or sub-acute stroke.     

E-选择素基因多态性与缺血性卒中的关系的Meta分析

目的：探讨E-选择素基因S128R多态性与缺血性卒中的关系。 资料来源：计算机检索PubMed,Elseiver, Ovid和中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库,检索时限为1998-01/2010-12。 资料选择：纳入E-选择素基因多态性与缺血性卒中关系的病例-对照研究,研究对象基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡。纳入文献由两名作者进行质量评价,经严格筛选后,采用RVEMAN 5.1统计软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析,并进一步进行异质性检验及偏倚评估。 结局评价指标：E-选择素基因S128R位点的基因型及等位基因分布。 结果：共纳入6篇病例-对照研究,各研究的基因型和等位基因频数之间无异质性,未见明显发表偏倚。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组比较,缺血性卒中组(AC+CC）/AA基因型的OR=1.93, 95%CI为1.55~2.41, Z=5.80, P<0.00001;等位基因频数C/A的OR=1.80, 95%CI为1.47~2.22, Z=5.59, P<0.00001。对研究中国人群的4项研究进行meta分析发现(AC+CC）/AA基因型的OR=2.36, 95%CI为1.68~3.31, Z=4.99, P<0.00001;等位基因频数C/A的OR=2.25, 95%CI为1.63~3.12, Z值=4.80, P<0.00001。 结论：E-选择素基因S128R多态性与缺血性卒中相关,AC、CC基因型和C等位基因是缺血性卒中的易感因素。     

Comparison of Prediction Models based on Risk Factors and Retinal Characteristics Associated with Recurrence One Year after Ischemic Stroke

Objectives: To develop risk estimation models for 1-year ischemic stroke recurrence using clinical risk factors and retinal characteristics. Methods: From June 2017 to January 2019, 332 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were enrolled and followed up in the Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital in China. The primary endpoint was defined as fatal or recurrent stroke after 1 year of the index stroke. Clinical risk factors and retinal characteristics were identified by multivariate logistic models. Results: The multivariate logistic model with only clinical risk factors showed that Cerebral Atherosclerosis (OR 1.68, 95%CI: 1.000-2.81), white matter lesions (OR 3.61, 95%CI: 2.18-5.98), and Cardiac disease (OR 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02-3.46) were statistically significantly associated with higher stroke recurrence risk. The sensitivity and specificity of this model were 69.1% and 68.4% respectively. The multivariate logistic model with only retinal characteristics showed that central retinal venule equivalent (OR .34, 95%CI: .14-.83), hemorrhage (OR .6, 95%CI: .41-.88), exudate (OR 1.64, 95%CI: 1.16-2.32), central retinal artery equivalent (OR 2.95, 95%CI: 1.23-7.08), and Aangle (OR 0.8, 95%CI: .61-1.004) were statistically significantly associated with stroke recurrence. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 62.0% and 64.4% respectively. The multivariate logistic model with both clinical risk factors and retinal characteristics showed that cerebral atherosclerosis (OR 1.74, 95%CI: 1.020-2.981), white matter lesions (OR 3.65, 95%CI: 2.17-6.13), cardiac disease (OR 1.99, 95%CI: 1.06-3.74), hemorrhage (OR .68, 95%CI: .49-.96), exudate (OR 1.65, 95%CI: 1.16-2.36) were independent risk factors of stroke recurrence. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 72.5% and 70.7% respectively. Conclusions: Combining the traditional risk factors of stroke with the retinal vessels characteristics to establish the recurrent cerebral infarction prediction model may improve the accuracy of the prediction.     

卒中单元对急性缺血性卒中患者医疗质量和在院预后的影响

目的 调查中国卒中单元对缺血性卒中患者收治的现况,并探索卒中单元对改善卒中医疗质量绩效 指标及患者在院预后的影响。 方法 本研究数据来自中国多中心缺血性卒中住院患者登记研究。按照是否进入卒中单元,将 研究对象分为卒中单元组与非卒中单元组。比较两组间患者的卒中医疗质量关键绩效指标（key performance index,KPI）和在院预后（卒中复发、联合血管事件、全因死亡）的差异,并采用多因素回归, 分析与卒中单元相关的KPI及卒中单元与缺血性卒中患者在院预后的相关性。 结果 本研究共纳入了全国1374家医院的269 428例急性缺血性卒中住院患者。其中,63 548例 （23.6%）患者纳入卒中单元组。卒中单元与较高比例的rt-PA静脉溶栓（OR 1.48,95%CI 1.43～1.53）、 早期抗栓治疗（OR 1.13,95%CI 1.10～1.17）、深静脉血栓预防（OR 1.19,95%CI 1.16～1.22）、吞 咽功能筛查（OR 1.36,95%CI 1.32～1.39）、康复评估（OR 1.31,95%CI 1.28～1.34）、出院抗栓治疗 （OR 1.12,95%CI 1.08～1.15）、合并心房颤动患者抗凝治疗（OR 1.13,95%CI 1.08～1.19）、戒烟宣教 （OR 1.22,95%CI 1.20～1.25）独立相关,与较低的在院卒中复发率（HR 0.79,95%CI 0.75～0.82）和 联合血管事件发生率（HR 0.80,95%CI 0.77～0.84）独立相关（均P <0.001）。 结论 进入卒中单元的缺血性卒中患者,卒中医疗质量KPI完成较好,在院卒中复发率及联合血管事 件率较低。     

Study on frequency and predictors of dementia after ischemic stroke

Abstract.Objective: We studied a large hospitalized cohort of patients aged 55 years and over with acute ischemic stroke to identify the frequency and predictors of poststroke dementia.Methods: A total of 434 consecutive patients with ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. During admission, the demographic data, vascular risk factors, stroke features, and neurological status information were collected. All subjects were examined by a battery of neuropsychological tests during admission and 3 months after stroke. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the predictors of poststroke dementia.Results: (1) The frequency of poststroke dementia was 27.2%, that of stroke-related dementia was 21.6%, and that of dementia after first-ever stroke was 22.7% 3 months after stroke. (2) Univariate analysis indicated that older age, low educational level ( 6 years), everyday drinking, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, prior stroke, left carotid territory infarction, embolism, multiple stroke lesions, dysphasia, and gait impairment were more frequent in the patients with poststroke dementia. (3) Multivariate analyses demonstrated that age (OR 1.179, 95%CI 1.130–1.230), low educational level (OR 1.806, 95 %CI 1.024–3.186), everyday drinking (OR 3.447, 95 %CI 1.591–7.468), prior stroke (OR 2.531, 95 %CI 1.419–4.512), atrial fibrillation (OR 3.475, 95%CI 1.712–7.057), dysphasia (OR 5.873, 95 %CI 2.620–13.163), and left carotid territory infarction (OR 1.975, 95%CI 1.152–3.388) were associated with poststroke dementia.Conclusions: The frequency of dementia is about one-forth of patients with ischemic stroke 3 months after stroke. Independent predictors of poststroke dementia include age, low educational level, everyday drinking, prior stroke, dysphasia, atrial fibrillation, and left carotid territory infarction.Abrreviations AD Alzheimers disease - ADL Activity of Daily Living - CI Confidence Interval - CMMS Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination - CT Computed Tomography - DSM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition - FOM Fuld Object Memory Evaluation - IADL Instrumental Activity of Daily Living - IQCODE Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly - MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging - OR Odds Ratio - POD Pfeiffer Outpatient Disability Questionnaire - RVR Rapid Verbal Retrieve - SD Standard Error - TIA Transient Ischemic Attack     

Systematic review of atorvastatin for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

OBJECTIVE:To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in the treatment of Alz-heimer’s disease.DATA SOURCES:Medline(1948/2011-04),Embase(1966/2011-04),Cochrane Library(Issue 3,2011),Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(1989/2011-04),and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(1979/2011-04) were searched for randomized clinical trials regardless of lan-guage.Abstracts of conference papers were manually searched.Furthermore,Current Controlled Trials(http://controlled-trials.com),Clinical Trials.gov(http://clinicaltrials.gov),and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(http://www.chictr.org) were also searched.Key words included Alzheimer disease,dementia,cognition,affection,memory dysfunction,hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitors,atorvastatin and statins.DATA SELECTION:Randomized controlled trials of grade A or B according to quality evaluation criteria of the Cochrane Collaboration were selected,in which atorvastatin and placebo were used to evaluate the effects of atorvastatin in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.Study methodological quality was evaluated based on criteria described in Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook 5.0.1.Revman 5.1 software was used for data analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Clinical efficacy,safety,withdrawal from the studies,and withdrawal due to adverse effects.RESULTS:Two randomized controlled trials were included,one was scale A,and the other was scale B.All patients(n = 710,age range 50-90 years) were diagnosed as probable or possible mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease according to standard criteria and treated with atorvastatin 80 mg/d or placebo.There was no difference between the two groups in the final follow-up for Clinical Global Impression of Change scale(WMD = 0.13,95%CI:-0.15 to 0.40),the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale(WMD = 1.05,95%CI:-3.06 to 6.05),Mini-Mental State Examination Scale(WMD = 0.77,95%CI:-0.57 to 2.10),and the Neuropsychiatric Instrument(WMD = 2.07,95%CI:-1.59 to 5.73).The rates of abnormal liver function,withdrawal from treatment,and withdrawal due to adverse effects were higher in the treatment group(OR = 7.86,95%CI:2.50-24.69;OR = 4.70,95%CI:2.61-8.44;and OR = 5.47,95%CI:3.01-9.94;respectively) com-pared with the placebo group.CONCLUSION:There is insufficient evidence to recommend atorvastatin for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease,because there was no benefit on general function,cognitive function or mental/behavior abnormality outcome measures.Efficacy and safety need to be confirmed by larger and higher quality randomized controlled trials,especially for moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease,because results of this systematic review may be limited by selection bias,implementation bias,as well as measurement bias.     

中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值和进展性缺血性卒中的关系研究

目的 分析中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio,NLR）对进展性缺血性卒中 （progressive ischemic stroke,PIS）发病的影响。      

卒中单元对急性缺血性卒中患者医疗质量和在院预后的影响

目的 调查中国卒中单元对缺血性卒中患者收治的现况，并探索卒中单元对改善卒中医疗质量绩效
指标及患者在院预后的影响。
方法 本研究数据来自中国多中心缺血性卒中住院患者登记研究。按照是否进入卒中单元，将
研究对象分为卒中单元组与非卒中单元组。比较两组间患者的卒中医疗质量关键绩效指标（key
performance index，KPI）和在院预后（卒中复发、联合血管事件、全因死亡）的差异，并采用多因素回归，
分析与卒中单元相关的KPI及卒中单元与缺血性卒中患者在院预后的相关性。
结果 本研究共纳入了全国1374家医院的269 428例急性缺血性卒中住院患者。其中，63 548例
（23.6%）患者纳入卒中单元组。卒中单元与较高比例的rt-PA静脉溶栓（OR 1.48，95%CI 1.43～1.53）、
早期抗栓治疗（OR 1.13，95%CI 1.10～1.17）、深静脉血栓预防（OR 1.19，95%CI 1.16～1.22）、吞
咽功能筛查（OR 1.36，95%CI 1.32～1.39）、康复评估（OR 1.31，95%CI 1.28～1.34）、出院抗栓治疗
（OR 1.12，95%CI 1.08～1.15）、合并心房颤动患者抗凝治疗（OR 1.13，95%CI 1.08～1.19）、戒烟宣教
（OR 1.22，95%CI 1.20～1.25）独立相关，与较低的在院卒中复发率（HR 0.79，95%CI 0.75～0.82）和
联合血管事件发生率（HR 0.80，95%CI 0.77～0.84）独立相关（均P <0.001）。
结论 进入卒中单元的缺血性卒中患者，卒中医疗质量KPI完成较好，在院卒中复发率及联合血管事
件率较低。     

非心源性缺血性卒中近期再发危险因素分析

目的 探讨首发非心源性缺血性卒中且二级预防药物依从性好的患者近期再发的相关危险因素。      

弗雷明汉卒中高风险增加新型冠状病毒病患者的炎症反应及不良预后

目的 探讨弗雷明汉卒中危险因素负荷对2019冠状病毒病（coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19）患者 循环炎症反应及预后的影响。 方法 本研究为单中心回顾性研究,分析了158例就诊于武汉大学中南医院隔离病区的COVID-19患 者。根据弗雷明汉10年卒中风险评分,将所有受试者分为卒中低危组（风险＜10%）、中危组（风险 10%～20%）和高危组（风险＞20%）。收集患者住院后每周的血清炎症指标检查结果,包括CRP、IL-6 和降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）,连续4周。预后指标定义为病程4周内死亡、病程4周时仍需住院治疗 和痊愈。比较3组间预后和不同时间点的炎症指标差异,采用多元Logistic回归分析弗雷明汉卒中风险 与COVID-19患者4周预后的关系。 结果 发病第1周内的炎症指标在3组之间无显著的差异,第2周、第3周和第4周血清I L-6和PCT 水平在3组间有显著差异,第2周和3周的血清CRP水平也有显著的差异。低危组患者的血清CRP 和IL-6自第2周开始逐渐降低,PCT水平相对平稳,而高危组患者的IL-6和PCT水平在第4周明显上 升。多元Logi sti c回归分析结果显示,与弗雷明汉卒中高危组相比,低危组的死亡风险降低（OR 0.062,95%CI 0.004～0.772,P =0.031）,低危组（OR 0.117,95%CI 0.031～0.396,P =0.001）与中危组 （OR 0.108,95%CI 0.025～0.501,P =0.004）患者病程第4周仍需要住院治疗的风险也均降低。中介效 应模型分析显示当纳入第2周IL-6水平为协变量时,弗雷明汉卒中低危组与死亡和第4周仍需住院治 疗之间的回归系数显著下降（死亡：β下降13.7%,OR 0.071,95%CI 0.005～0.815;仍需治疗：β下降 19.1%,OR 0.128,95%CI 0.034～0.452）。 结论 与弗雷明汉卒中高风险相比,卒中低、中风险COVID-19患者的炎症反应水平较低,不良预后 的风险较低。