Amplatzer封堵器治疗小儿动脉导管未闭及疗效评价

目的　评价Amplatzer封堵器治疗小儿动脉导管未闭 (PDA)的疗效。资料与方法　经体检、胸部X线片、心电图及经胸超声确诊为PDA患儿 8例 ,均应用Amplatzer封堵器堵闭。结果　降主动脉造影显示属KrichenkoA型 5例 ,C型 3例。PDA最窄处直径平均为 3 .63± 1.3 9( 2～ 6.5 )mm ,肺循环血流量 /体循环血流量平均为 2 .5 ( 1.5～5 .3 ) ,肺动脉高压 5例。 8例应用Amplatzer封堵器均 1次堵闭成功。造影示 7例无残余分流 ,1例极少量残余分流。平均手术时间为 47± 5 .5 ( 3 8～ 5 5 )min ,平均X线透视时间为 6.4± 1.4( 5～ 9)min。术后 2 4h经超声检查均无残余分流 ,平均 2 5 .3± 13个月随访均无残余分流、无再通及无封堵器移位。结论　经导管置入Amplatzer封堵器堵闭小儿PDA是一种安全、有效的介入治疗方法 ,近期及中期疗效好     

Amplatzer封堵器关闭动脉导管未闭合并重度肺动脉高压的临床应用

目的　评价Amplatzer封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭 (PDA)合并重度肺动脉高压的临床应用。方法　全组 5 1例 ,肺动脉收缩压 (84 .7± 13.5 ) (70～ 137)mmHg ,肺动脉平均压 (6 5 .0± 11.5 ) (4 2～ 97)mmHg ,PDA最窄处直径 (7.0± 2 .4 ) (3～ 15 )mm。封堵成功后监测肺动脉压力、主动脉压力和血氧饱和度变化 ,决定能否行永久封堵。结果　除 1例为阻力性肺动脉高压未能封堵外 ,其他 5 0例患者封堵均获成功。术后肺动脉收缩压降至 (4 6 .1± 14 .9) (2 4～ 10 9)mmHg ,肺动脉平均压降至 (31.3± 11.6 ) (14～ 6 9)mmHg。术后 10min降主动脉造影显示 30例 (6 0 % )封堵完全 ,无残余分流 ,2 0例 (4 0 % )存在微量～少量残余分流。 2 4h及 1个月后仅 1例存在少量残余分流 ,6个月后未见残余分流、再通及封堵器移位。结论　采用Amplatzer封堵器治疗PDA合并重度肺动脉高压是一种安全有效的介入方法 ,近期及中期疗效好     

国产动脉导管未闭封堵器的临床应用及疗效评价

目的　评价应用国产心健牌动脉导管未闭 (PDA)封堵器的临床疗效。方法　 2 0 0 0年 6月至 2 0 0 2年 7月 ,182例患者 (男 63例 ,女 119例 )成功地采用国产心健牌动脉导管未闭封堵器进行了PDA的封堵术。年龄 3个月至 16岁 ,平均 (5 2 3± 4 0 2 )岁 ,体重 5～ 50kg ,平均 (17 0 9± 8 11)kg。PDA最窄处直径为 1 3 2～ 9 0 0mm ,平均 (4 3 0± 1 0 2 )mm。输送长鞘为 6～ 10F。手术时间为 45～ 13 5min ,平均 (73 3 1± 2 1 44)min ;X线曝光时间为 2 60～ 2 6 90min ,平均 (7 0 9± 4 55)min。术后即时、2 4h、1个月、3个月、6个月、1年及 2年行彩色多普勒超声心动图检查。结果　 182例均成功地置入心健牌PDA封堵器。 182例即时心血管造影显示 10 9例 (59 89% )即时完全堵闭 ,3 0例有少量残余分流 ,43例仅有微量的残余分流 ,残余分流率为 40 11% ;2 4h后的彩色多普勒超声心动图检查显示 163例(89 60 % )完全堵闭 ;1个月后 8例仍有少量残余分流。术后 3个月及 6个月仅 4例有残余分流 ,79例完成术后 1年的随诊 ,仅 2例仍有残余分流。术后 2年仍有 1例残余分流。全部病例均无严重并发症。结论　应用国产心健牌PDA封堵器对PDA进行介入治疗 ,疗效确切 ,远期效果满意 ,可替代进口封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭     

新型单铆双盘状封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭的安全性和疗效观察

目的 评价新型单铆双盘状封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭的安全性及疗效.方法 收集动脉导管未闭患者47例,按选用封堵器的类型不同分为试验组31例,植入新型单铆双盘状封堵器(Sunflower 封堵器),对照组16例,植入双盘状封堵器(SHSMA封堵器).记录两组患者的年龄、体重、植入封堵器大小,右室收缩、舒张、平均压,肺动脉收缩、舒张、平均压及主动脉收缩、舒张、平均压和并发症发生率,术后随访心电图,术后l、3、6个月随访经胸超声心动图.结果 47例患者手术全部成功,手术成功率为100％.试验组植入封堵器腰部直径为5～18mm,平均(11.7±3.6)mm;对照组植入封堵器腰部直径为6～16mm,平均(11.0±3.3)mm.试验组患者术后均无并发症发生;心电图左心室负荷增大明显改善,彩色多普勒超声随访未见残余分流.对照组有1例术中出现高血压危象,1例术后血小板减少,1例术后3个月内存在残余分流,心电图及术后6个月的随访对照组与试验组差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 Sunflower封堵器治疗动脉导管未闭安全、有效.     

使用封堵器介入治疗小儿动脉导管未闭的临床研究

目的：研究运用封堵器介入治疗先天性小儿动脉导管未闭临床疗效可行性，有效性和安全性。方法：2002年1月到2006年3月我院应用封堵器介入治疗小儿动脉导管未闭42例，年龄最小2．5岁，最大10岁，PDA最小直径3mm，最大8mm。结果：42例PDA封堵术均获成功，造影显示分流完全消失，临床关闭（听诊无杂音），在出院后3月达100％。随访未出现PDA再通、封堵器脱落、溶血、细菌性心内膜炎等。结论：应用封堵器介入治疗先天性小儿动脉导管未闭是行之有效的方法，创伤小、安全可靠、疗效确切。     

应用PDA封堵器治疗嵴内型室间隔缺损的疗效及安全性分析

目的:评价应用PDA封堵器治疗嵴内型室间隔缺损(IVSD)的疗效及安全性.材料和方法:筛选适合经导管封堵治疗IVSD的患者20例(男11例女9例).经彩色多谱勒超声心动图测量缺损口大小、距主动脉右冠瓣及肺动脉瓣距离,经皮穿刺股动脉和股静脉,建立动静脉轨道,经7～12F输送鞘管通过右股静脉途径释放封堵器.结果:超声心动图测量的VSD直径5～7mm,平均6.5±0.5mm,大血管短轴切面上缺损位于12点至1点钟位,缺损上缘距主动脉瓣2～3mm,平均2.5±0.5mm.PDA封堵器的直径7～10mm,平均8.5±1.5mm,20例IVSD患者封堵全部成功,术后杂音消失或明显减弱(4/6级降至1～2/6级),左心室造影无分流现象,彩色多谱勒超声心动图检查无主动脉瓣返流,无穿膈血流.随访5个月～6年(平均36±12个月)未见穿隔血流、明显主动脉瓣返流以及传导阻滞等并发症.结论:PDA封堵器可以成功封堵IVSD,近期疗效佳,无严重并发症的发生,远期疗效尚有待于进一步随访观察.     

动脉导管未闭个体化介入治疗的初步尝试

目的评价动脉导管未闭(PDA)个体化介入治疗的临床应用价值。方法8例应用标准型Amplatzer导管封堵器难以完成介入治疗的PDA患者,根据造影显示PDA形态及临床特点,分别选用成角型Amplatzer导管封堵器、偏心型导管封堵器以及Amplatzer肌部室间隔缺损封堵器进行介入治疗,术后以心脏超声随诊评价疗效。结果8例患者皆成功完成介入治疗,无严重并发症发生;其中1例应用Amplatzer肌部室间隔缺损封堵器、2例应用成角型Amplatzer导管封堵器、5例应用偏心型导管封堵器;2例经2次手术完成,余患者一次治疗完成;8例患者中,有2例封堵后即刻造影显示封堵完全,4例术后2 4h心脏超声检查无残余分流,7例术后3月残余分流消失;1例术后6个月时心脏超声仍可见约2mm的残余分流,但肺动脉压力明显下降,患者主观症状明显减轻。结论个体化原则可以进一步扩大PDA介入治疗的适应证,临床实践需要设计和生产不同形态和大小的封堵装置。     

高原地区主动脉覆膜支架腔内隔绝治疗成人巨大动脉导管未闭合并重度肺动脉高压

目的:高原地区应用主动脉覆膜支架腔内隔绝治疗成人巨大动脉导管未闭(PDA)合并重度肺动脉高压(SPH)并对其疗效进行评价.方法:分析2010年9月-2011年8月在我院接收主动脉覆膜支架隔绝治疗的8例(男5例,女3例)巨大PDA成人患者临床资料.患者年龄19岁～45岁,平均(30.3±9.4)岁,主动脉造影示PDA最窄径为(18～28)mm,平均(21±3) mm.肺动脉收缩平均压(76.6±9.4) mmHg.术后随访(6 ～18)个月,平均(9.8±2.1)个月.结果:8例患者行PDA球囊试封堵,证实为动力性肺动脉高压.8例均隔绝成功,术后造影显示6例动脉导管完全封闭,2例残余少量左向右分流.术后2周超声心动图及大血管CT血管造影(CTA)示残余分流消失,肺动脉收缩压平均(43.5±7.2) mmHg.1例术后右下肢深静脉血栓形成,经对症治疗后好转.1例出现左侧上肢肌力下降,2周后恢复.结论:应用主动脉覆膜支架腔内隔绝治疗成人巨大PDA是一种安全有效的方法.     

基于双源CT增强扫描的动脉导管未闭的介入治疗

目的评价术前双源心脏CT(DSCT)检查在动脉导管未闭(PDA)介入治疗中的临床应用价值,探讨脱离术中造影进行PDA介入治疗的方法。方法 38例经超声诊断为PDA的患者,其中21例术前行心脏DSCT检查,重建获得PDA影像,并与术中造影所显示PDA形态对比;在此基础上,后17例经超声诊断为PDA的患者,尝试根据术前CT检查结果指导选择合适的封堵器,术中不穿刺股动脉、不进行降主动脉造影,经静脉途径直接完成介入治疗,术中、术后以心脏超声随诊评价疗效。结果术中造影组21例PDA患者CT重建图像与术中造影影像形态高度一致,CT重建图像、术中造影PDA最窄径分别为(5.2±1.9)mm vs(4.7±1.7)mm(相关系数0.88);释放后封堵器腰部直径为(7.0±2.0)mm(与CT重建PDA最窄径相关系数为0.92,与术中造影PDA最窄径相关系数为0.90);术前接受CT检查、术中未进行造影,尝试直接封堵的17例患者皆成功完成介入治疗,CT重建PDA最窄径以及释放后封堵器腰部直径分别为(5.0±1.9)mm vs(6.7±2.2)mm,术后随访未见左肺动脉、降主动脉医源性狭窄。结论术前心脏DSCT检查可以获得准确的PDA解剖影像资料,初步临床资料显示,它可以替代术中造影,为PDA的介入治疗提供充足的支持;同时术前CT检查有助于发现合并的心脏大血管畸形,对于指导临床实践具有重要意义,但DSCT检查的辐射剂量问题以及如何减少辐射计量仍是一个需要考虑的问题。     

应用肌部室缺封堵器治疗超大型动脉导管未闭合并重度肺动脉高压的疗效

目的　探讨应用肌部室缺封堵器(AMVSDO)治疗合并肺动脉高压的大型动脉导管未闭(PDA)的效果。方法　1例成人巨大动脉导管未闭(直径17mm)合并重度肺动脉高压(肺动脉压力为117/72mmHg) ,应用Amplatzer肌部室缺封堵器进行封堵,封堵后行降主动脉造影,观察封堵效果。结果　先选用16mmAMVSDO进行封堵,效果不满意,后换用2 0mmAMVSDO ,封堵后即刻肺动脉压力由117/72 (95 )mmHg降为92/ 5 9(75 .5 )mmHg,降主动脉造影显示封堵器位置合适,存在微量渗透性残余分流,释放封堵器。结论　应用Amplatzer肌部室缺伞封堵合并严重肺动脉高压的大型PDA是一种有效可行的治疗方法,但其临床应用的适应证、安全性及远期效果尚待进一步研究     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.