Post-traumatic posterior sternoclavicular dislocation: case report and review of the literature

Injuries to the sternoclavicular joint are an uncommon problem, but can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated properly. Both anterior and posterior sternoclavicular dislocations or subluxations can occur, the latter being a rare injury. In this case report we report the imaging findings of both conventional radiography and multidetector CT on a 16-year-old man who developed a posterior sternoclavicular dislocation while participating in a football match. The current literature regarding this subject is also reviewed. Electronic Publication     

Bilateral symmetrical metachronous myxofibrosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare. Affected patients are at increased risk of developing a second primary malignancy, particularly another primary STS. These rarely affect the extremities, tending to occur in the abdomen, head or neck. We describe a patient with myxofibrosarcoma of the buttock who developed a second primary tumour of the same histological type in the contralateral buttock thirty months after excision. Remarkably, the second tumour was symmetrical and there were no predisposing factors or evidence of metastatic spread. The second tumour was a significant size at presentation with encasement of the sciatic nerve. Awareness of the sarcoma patient's increased risk of developing a second tumour could lead to earlier diagnosis and improved outcome. A review of the literature on multiple soft tissue sarcomas is also presented.     

Bilateral congenital subluxation of the proximal tibiofibular joint with magnetic resonance imaging findings: a case report

There appear to be no criteria in the differential diagnosis of traumatic and congenital subluxation of the proximal tibiofibular joint in the literature. We report a case with bilateral congenital subluxation of the proximal tibiofibular joint and describe the magnetic resonance imaging features for the differential diagnosis.     

Bilateral giant hydroureteronephrosis--a case report with a review of the literature

Giant hydronephrosis and hydroureteronephrosis are rare conditions, but must be kept in mind in especially children and in young-to-middle-aged adults with long-standing, often symptomless, enlargement of the abdomen. A case of bilateral giant hydroureteronephrosis due to calculi in the ureters is reported. Despite renal insufficiency the patient denied any treatment, but survived 42 months after the primary diagnosis. For diagnostic purposes intravenous pyelography, ultrasonography and computerized tomography are preferable. Supplementary ante- and retrograde pyelography is valuable in locating stenosis or calculi.     

Bilateral asymmetric hip dislocation: case report and literature review

Simultaneous anterior and posterior hip dislocation is an unusual injury. A unique case is presented, consisting of bilateral asymmetric hip dislocation with associated femoral head, femoral shaft, and acetabular fractures resulting from a motorcycle collision. The mechanisms of injury, management, role of imaging, and complications of this injury complex are discussed, with a review of the relevant literature.     

Bilateral mandibular accessory foramina and canals: a case report and review of the literature

OBJECTIVES: To present a case of bilateral mandibular accessory canals and foramina observed on CT and review the relevant literature. RESULTS: Based on the literature, accessory canals and foramina are prevalent in the posterior mandible and the area of the symphysis and more frequently on the internal than the external surface of the mandible. Bilateral symmetry is common. Variations exist in size and number. Occurrence may change with age and racial origin. Nerves, neurovascular bundles, arterioles and venules have been found to occupy the accessory canals and foramina. No gender differences have been described. CONCLUSION: CT has advantages over two-dimensional radiography in identification of anatomical variations in the mandible.     

Exercise-related spontaneous coronary artery dissection: case report and literature review

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare cause of acute cardiac events and occurs most frequently in the peripartum period. Coronary artery dissection related to exercise is even more unusual, with only a few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of acute coronary artery dissection related to exercise in a 17-yr-old high school athlete, and we review the available literature on exercise-related coronary dissection. METHODS: We performed a PubMed literature search using the search terms exercise, sports, spontaneous coronary dissection, and athletics. We found seven cases of spontaneous coronary artery dissection that had occurred during intense physical exercise. Vigorous exercise can provoke acute ischemic events, but such events occur primarily in adults with atherosclerotic disease. Many of the cases reported as spontaneous coronary artery dissection are more likely atherosclerotic plaque rupture, in which cases they are not truly spontaneous. Because spontaneous coronary dissection is so rare, there are no available recommendations on how to manage young athletes with this condition. We permitted this athlete to return to limited competition, without data to support either a total restriction or even a limited restriction, with the written understanding that a recurrent event is possible but probably unlikely. In summary, spontaneous coronary artery dissection should be considered in young individuals presenting with exercise-related acute ischemic cardiac events.     

Bilateral cerebral venous angioma associated with varices: a case report and review of the literature

A varix occurring with a cerebral venous angioma is a rare combination of cerebral vascular malformations. The most common vascular anomaly associated with a venous angioma is a cavernous angioma. We report a case of bilateral supratentorial venous angioma with 2 varices involving the angioma situated on the right frontotemporal region. Multiple subependymal veins were seen in the right supratentorial region, which joined to form multiple collector veins, which, in turn, unified into a tortuous channel in the region of the sylvian fissure and continued into venous varices.     

Bilateral dentigerous cysts: review of the literature and report of an unusual case

Dentigerous cysts are common cysts of the jaws. They are associated with the crowns of permanent teeth, most frequently associated with impacted mandibular third molars. Bilateral dentigerous cysts are rare and generally occur in association with a developmental syndrome or systemic disease, such as mucopolysaccharidosis and cleidocranial dysplasia. Bilateral dentigerous cysts in the absence of a syndrome are rare and to date only 17 cases have been described. The following is a report of a case of unusual bilateral non-syndromic dentigerous cysts associated with mandibular second molar and maxillary third molar and a review of the literature. Bilateral dentigerous cysts in these locations have not been previously reported.     

Anterior subluxation after reduction of a posterior traumatic sterno-clavicular dislocation: a case report and a review of the literature

Sternoclavicular dislocations represent a rare injury. Based on our clinical experience with a patient showing an anterior subluxation after reduction of a posterior traumatic dislocation, we review the literature. The emergent reduction of the dislocation is mandatory, always keeping in mind the potentially devastating neurovascular complications. If the treatment of a residual anterior instability remains controversial, a residual posterior instability should be treated by a surgical procedure. The optimal treatment depends mainly on each surgeons choice and practice.     

Bilateral tentorial subdural hematoma without subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture: a case report and review of the literature

A case of acute subdural hematoma over the tentorium secondary to rupture of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm is reported. A 42-year-old female patient presented with acute-onset, severe bifrontal and retro-orbital headache. CT revealed only symmetric thickening of the tentorium. MR imaging revealed the presence of a 10-mm anterior communicating artery aneurysm, which was confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. The radiologic findings and possible mechanisms of this hemorrhage are discussed.     

Acquired spontaneous intercostal abdominal hernia: case report and a comprehensive review of the world literature

Intercostal hernias develop most often as a result of a blunt or penetrating thoracoabdominal trauma. We know of no prior report of a spontaneously occuring intercostal hernia. This study presents a review of the published literature that deals with this uncommon phenomenon, along with a discussion of our patient's clinical presentation and imaging findings.     

Bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures in a healthy, active duty soldier: case report and review of the literature

Unilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures are not uncommon. These injuries have been reported to occur spontaneously and after seemingly trivial trauma in elderly individuals, patients undergoing renal dialysis, and patients with metabolic derangements such as hyperparathyroidism. In young patients, unilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures have been reported as complications of burns, anabolic steroid abuse, and elective orthopedic surgery. Bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures in young healthy patients are rare injuries. We present the case of a young, healthy, active duty soldier who sustained bilateral quadriceps tendon ruptures after a relatively minor trauma.     

Case report: spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma during pregnancy: case report and review of the literature

Spontaneous epidural haematoma is rare in pregnancy and only five cases have been reported. We present a case of a 31-year-old female G2P1 who at 32 weeks of gestation developed progressive ascending paralysis and numbness to a level of approximately T4. An urgent MRI of the spine was performed, which demonstrated a posterior epidural lesion at T1-T4 level. The lesion showed signal changes consistent with an epidural haematoma in the hyperacute stage. An emergency cesarean section was performed followed by spinal decompression and removal of an epidural haematoma. The patient's neurological function subsequently improved. The diagnosis and management of spontaneous epidural haematoma in pregnancy is presented with a review of the literature.     

Bilateral persistence of type 1 proatlantal arteries: report of a case and review of the literature

Persistent proatlantal artery type 1 is one of the four anastomotic vessels between the carotid and vertebrobasilar arterial systems. Persistence of this embryonic anastomosis is extremely rare. We present such a case with bilateral persistent proatlantal arteries that arose from internal carotid arteries, entered the skull via the foramen magnum and united with the horizontal portions of vertebral arteries. We also mention its embryology, potential clinical implications, and differentiating features between two types of proatlantal arteries.     

胸锁关节脱位合并胸骨柄体脱位1例

回顾性分析1例胸锁关节脱位合并胸骨柄体脱位的患者,经手术治疗,恢复良好。     

Primary intraosseous meningioma of orbit and anterior cranial fossa: a case report and literature review

Primary intraosseous meningiomas of the skull base are rare. Extensive involvement of the skull base by the tumour may result rarely in loss of vision. Surgical management requires extensive decompression and reconstruction. A case of primary intraosseous meningioma of orbits and anterior cranial fossa presenting with painless proptosis and loss of vision is presented here and the literature reviewed.     

Bilateral ureteral inverted papillomas in association with bladder carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

A case of multiple inverted papillomas of both ureters, in association with a bladder carcinoma, is presented. Inverted papilloma is a rare benign urothelial tumor. Because of its curability by conservative surgery, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a ureteral filling defect and ureteral obstruction. Inverted papilloma may be associated with carcinomas of the urinary tract.