18例格林-巴利综合征患者的神经电生理分析

目的：探讨神经电生理检测对格林-巴利综合征（GBS）的诊断价值.方法：回顾性分析18例GBS患者的神经电生理资料：运动神经传导速度（MCV）、感觉神经传导速度（SCV）、F波、H反射、针电极肌电图.结果：①18例GBS患者的MCV异常率为76.87％,SCV异常率为39.62％,上肢NCV异常率为58.57％,下肢NCV异常率为63.00％.MCV异常率明显高于SCV,而上肢和下肢NCV的异常率的差异无统计学意义.②F波异常率77.94％,H反射异常率69.44％.F波与NCV异常率的差异有统计学意义,F波与H反射异常率的差异有统计学意义.③18例GBS患者中,4例单纯可见自发电位,4例表现为神经源性损害.针电极肌电图异常率41.67％.结论：GBS患者运动神经纤维损害较感觉神经纤维损害重;F波为GBS早期诊断的敏感指标;GBS患者针电极肌电图检测表现为神经源性损害;NCV、F波、H反射及针电极肌电图相结合可明显提高GBS检出率.     

慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的临床电生理学研究

目的探讨神经电生理检测对慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的诊断价值。方法对35例慢性酒精中毒患者进行电生理检查,观察肌电图(EMG)、运动神经传导速度(MCV)和感觉传导速度(SCV)的变化情况。结果35例患者EMG检查综合判断提示神经源性损害,上下肢EMG异常差异无显著性(P>0.05),年龄与EMG异常无明显相关性。SCV较对照组有不同程度的减慢(P<0.01),而MCV改变不明显(P>0.05);SCV异常率为81.43%,且异常程度与饮酒年限呈正相关系(r=0.54,P<0.01);15例双上肢无临床症状的患者中10例(66.67%)尺神经SCV有改变。结论神经电生理检测为慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的临床诊断特别是早期诊断提供了客观依据。     

神经电生理检测在腕管综合征诊断中的应用价值研究

目的探讨神经电生理检测在腕管综合征(carpel tunnel syndrome,CTS)的应用价值以及不同严重程度CTS的神经电生理特点。方法选择71例(122只手)CTS患者和年龄、性别与CTS患者匹配的16例(32只手)健康人,分析CTS患者的临床资料,使用肌电图诱发电位仪对患者及健康人的正中神经、尺神经进行常规神经肌电图检测、F波检测并根据患者正中神经运动神经远端潜伏期(distalmotorlatency,DML)对患者病情进行分级,分析不同严重程度CTS患者的神经电生理检测指标的特点。结果 71例CTS患者病因以务农(33.8%)、家务(31.0%)及电脑办公族(7.0%)多见。病程12天至10年。CTS组与对照组正中神经感觉神经传导速度(sensory nerve conduction velocity,SCV)、运动神经传导速度(motor nerve conduction velocity,MCV)、F波传导速度(F wave conduction velocity,Fcv)、F波出现率(F wave present,Fp)、尺神经SCV减慢,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。CTS组外展拇短肌神经源性损害率为46.4%。不同严重程度各组比较中,轻度组与重度组比较,正中神经和尺神经SCV、MCV,正中神经Fcv、Fp差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。轻度组与中度组中,正中神经SCV、DML、Fp,尺神经SCV、DML差异有显著性(P<0.05)。重度组与中度组比较,正中神经SCV、DML、MCV(腋-肘)、Fp差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论常规神经电生理检测联合F波检测在诊断CTS具有较高的准确性,有利于判断患者的病情及预后,值得临床应用。     

慢性酒精中毒患者的临床特点与神经电生理分析

目的:研究慢性酒精中毒患者其周围神经病变的临床特点及神经电生理检测分析。方法:对80例慢性酒精中毒患者检测其正中神经、胫神经、腓总神经的运动神经传导速度(MCV)及F波,胫神经、正中神经、尺神经的感觉神经传导速度(SCV)及F波,与78例无饮酒嗜好的健康人作对照分析。结果:80例慢性酒精中毒的MCV下降异常率为65.6%,SCV下降异常率为81.8%。与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),SCV受累较MCV重。神经电生理检测的异常可早于临床症状。结论:神经电图检测能早期诊断慢性酒精中毒及指导治疗。     

南京地区格林-巴利综合征患者的肌电图和运动神经传导速度分析

目的：探讨肌电图(EMG)、运动神经传导速度(MCV)及末端潜伏期(ML)在格林-巴利综合征(GBS)中的诊断价值。方法：对南京地区40例GBS患者224块肌肉和201条神经进行了检测。结果：202块肌肉EMG异常(90．2％)，158条MCV减慢(78．6％)，168条ML异常(83．6％)；GBS患者在电生理检测中有很高的异常率，且与病程有密切关系。结论：结合临床作者认为，南京地区GBS与北方GBS大致相同，以周围神经脱髓鞘为主，电生理检测对GBS的诊断和预后极有帮助。     

副肿瘤性周围神经病的神经电生理特点

目的 研究副肿瘤性周围神经病 (paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy, PPN) 的神经电生理特点.方法回顾性分析2000年1月至2017年6月昆明医科大学第一附属医院神经内科住院的29例副肿瘤性周围神经病患者上下肢运动、感觉神经电生理特点.测定指标包括: (1) 正中神经、尺神经、胫神经、腓总神经运动神经传导速度、末端运动潜伏期、复合肌肉动作电位波幅; (2) 正中神经、尺神经、胫神经、腓浅神经感觉神经传导速度、感觉神经动作电位波幅; (3) 正中神经、胫神经F波.结果 (1) 副肿瘤性周围神经病患者上下肢感觉运动神经均受损, 波幅总异常率高于神经传导速度总异常率 (P<0.05) , 感觉神经动作电位波幅异常率高于运动神经复合肌肉动作电位波幅异常率 (P<0.05) , 运动神经传导速度与感觉神经传导速度异常率比较, 无统计学差异 (P>0.05) ; (2) 神经传导检测下肢异常率高于上肢 (P<0.05) ; (3) F波异常率低于神经传导检测异常率 (P<0.05) .结论 副肿瘤性周围神经病神经电生理表现为感觉运动神经病多见, 远端损害重, 下肢比上肢损害明显, 以感觉神经轴突损害为主, 运动和感觉神经脱髓鞘程度相似.分析周围神经病的神经电生理特点能为早期诊断提供客观依据.     

急性运动轴索性神经病与急性炎性脱髓鞘性多神经病的比较研究

目的 分析急性运动轴索性神经病(acute motor axonal neuropathy,AMAN)患者临床和神经电生理学特点,并与急性炎性脱髓鞘性多神经病(acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies,AIDP)进行比较.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2016年3月内蒙古医科大学附属医院收治的25例AMAN患者,Hughes评分3～6分,选择同期住院的Hughes评分3～6分的AIDP患者30例,对2组进行比较研究.结果 AMAN患者年龄＜50岁,病前腹泻多见.AMAN电生理特点为,感觉神经动作电位(sensory nerve action potential,SNAP)波幅及感觉神经传导速度(sensorynerve conduction velocity,SCV)均正常,下肢腓总神经远端运动神经末端潜伏期(distal motor latency,DML)延长,运动神经传导速度(motor nerve conduction velocity,MCV)轻度减慢,余神经DML及MCV均正常;复合肌肉动作电位(compound muscle action potential,CMAP)波幅明显降低,F波潜伏期正常,F波未引出比率高.AIDP患者电生理特点为,SNAP波幅及SCV均降低,运动神经DML延长,MCV减慢,下肢胫神经F波潜伏期延长.结论 AMAN为单纯运动神经受累,感觉神经正常,运动神经以轴索损害为主,电生理表现为CMAP波幅明显降低,可伴有传导阻滞,F波未引出比例高.AIDP既有运动神经的受累,又有感觉神经的受累,电生理表现为SCV和MCV减慢,DML延长,F波出现率降低,F波潜伏期延长.     

多发性硬化周围神经功能改变的电生理评价(摘要)

目的:研究多发性硬化(MS)患者周围神经功能的改变,并对临床神经电生理技术在其中的应用价值进行评价.方法:采用神经传导技术检测MS患者双侧正中、尺、胫和腓神经的运动传导速度(MCV)、感觉传导速度(SCV)、以及潜伏期和波幅;采用经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位(MEP)检测双侧正中和胫神经于不同刺激点引出的潜伏期;采用F波检测双侧正中神经F波的出现率和传导速度.结果:MS患者正中、尺、胫和腓神经的MCV和SCV均不同程度地减慢,MCV的异常率高于SCV ,有48 5 %的患者出现至少1条神经NCV的减慢;MS患者MCV潜伏期的延长以正中和尺神经远端以…     

神经电生理检查对糖尿病神经病变的诊断价值

目的:探讨神经电生理检查对诊断糖尿病周围神经病变的价值及其与病程的关系。方法:对92例糖尿病患者正中神经、尺神经的运动传导速度(MCV)和感觉传导速度(SCV)及腓总神经MCV和胫神经MCV进行检查。分析有症状DPN组和无DPN组之间MCV的差异。结果:92例糖尿病患者中,根据神经电生理检查确诊为DPN患者64(69.56%)例,有临床周围神经表现的45(48.91%)例。两组患者平均病程比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。DNP组患者正中神经和尺神经MCV、SCV,腓总神经MCV及胫神经MCV与无DNP组比较,均有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05)。DPN组各组患者中SCV异常率均高于MCV,下肢MCV异常率高于上肢,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:神经电生理检查对早期糖尿病周围神经病变的诊断具有重要价值,测定下肢MCV可作为诊断DNP的敏感指标。     

神经电生理检查对吉兰-巴雷综合征病程及病情的判定价值

目的 探讨神经电生理检查对吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)患者病程及病情的判定价值。方法 回顾性分析2017年6月至2019年10月在安徽医科大学第二附属医院确诊的30例GBS患者临床资料,依据病程不同将患者分为病程≤7天组和病程>7天组,同时依据患者Hughes评分将患者分为Hughes评分≤2分组和≥3分组。比较不同病程组及不同Hughes评分组患者运动神经传导速度(MCV)、感觉神经传导速度(SCV)及F波等神经电生理参数的差异。结果 病程>7天组患者MCV及SCV异常率较病程≤7天组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组F波异常率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Hughes评分≥3分组MCV、SCV及F波异常率均高于Hughes评分≤2分组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 神经电生理检查对GBS患者病程和病情评估具有一定的应用价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.