联合MRI和CT诊断微小脑膜瘤

目的 探讨微小脑膜瘤CT和MRI早期敏感征象,提高其检出率.方法 回顾性分析41例经临床随访及病理确诊为微小脑膜瘤的临床及影像学资料,观察并记录微小脑膜瘤发生部位、CT密度、MRI信号特点,对结果进行统计学分析.结果 21例患者行CT平扫检查,其中5例呈钙化密度,12例呈高/稍高密度,4例呈等密度.41例患者均行MRI检查,T1 WI:37例呈等信号,4例呈低信号;T2 WI:33例呈等信号,4例呈高信号,4例呈低信号;FLAIR:14例呈略高信号,27例呈等信号.13例患者行扩散加权成像(DWI)检查,其中5例呈高/稍高信号.MR增强扫描病变均呈明显强化.结论 MR多序列(FLAIR、DWI)、多方位(矢状面)结合增强扫描、薄层扫描并联合CT平扫可极大地减少微小脑膜瘤的漏诊率.     

恶性脑膜瘤的CT、MRI影像分析

目的探讨恶性脑膜瘤的CT、MRI的影像学特征,以提高诊断正确率,为临床手术提供可靠依据。方法回顾性分析近几年来我院经手术病理证实的恶性脑膜瘤(35例)的CT、MRI资料。结果恶性脑膜瘤:(1)T2WI信号及密度不均29例(82.1%);(2)T1WI信号不均27例(77.1%);(3)边缘不规则21例(60%);(4)粗短的硬脑膜尾征19例(54.2%);(5)颅骨受侵8例(22.8%);(6)瘤内钙化14例(40%);(7)多发2例(占5.7%)。结论恶性脑膜瘤的影像学表现具有一定的特征性,定性诊断需要综合分析,注意与良性脑膜瘤的鉴别。     

咽旁间隙肿瘤CT诊断

作者分析１８例经手术病理证实的咽旁间隙肿瘤的ＣＴ所见。将咽旁间隙分为茎突前间隙和茎突后间隙，根据解剖部位各异，其肿瘤的组织发生也不同，就该区域的解剖及病变所在表现，认为咽旁脂肪组织、血管、茎突的移位，变形和增强ＣＴ，对判定肿瘤的组织来源很有帮助。     

侵及咽旁间隙的腮腺深叶肿瘤影像表现

目的：探讨侵及咽旁间隙(PPS)的腮腺深叶肿瘤的影像表现。方法回顾性分析23例累及 PPS 的腮腺深叶肿瘤的 CT和 MRI 表现,包括多形性腺瘤19例、基底细胞腺瘤2例、神经鞘瘤1例和恶性肌上皮瘤1例。结果17例肿块呈卵圆形,不规则形6例。23例肿块与腮腺之间均未见明显的脂肪间隙。9例可见脂肪帽征。8例见腮腺蒂征。4例可见茎突后移、4例见茎突被包绕。5例肿块位于二腹肌后腹的浅面。颈动脉鞘向内前方移位7例、向内后方移位11例。结论侵及 PPS 的腮腺深叶肿瘤具有一些影像学特征,有助于与 PPS 原发肿瘤鉴别。     

外伤性白内障的CT表现

目的 探讨外伤性白内障(TC)的CT表现.方法 回顾性分析103例经眼科检查和/或手术证实的TC患者的临床及CT资料.结果 晶状体密度减低不明显15例、轻度减低63例、明显减低25例.晶状体密度减低不同组的伤眼晶状体形状及边缘总体上有显著性差异(P＜0.05).晶状体密度减低不同组的伤眼晶状体大小及位置改变总体上无显著...     

非典型性脑膜瘤CT误诊分析(附24例报告)

脑膜瘤（meningioma）是一种生长缓慢的肿瘤，占颅内肿瘤的15％～20％^[1]，属最常见的非神经胶质肿瘤。绝大多数脑膜瘤具有典型的CT表现，一般容易诊断，诊断符合率可达95％以上^[2、4]，而非典型性脑膜瘤CT表现多样，容易误诊。本院自2003年1月至今收治24例经手术病理证实CT表现不典型的脑膜瘤，其中误诊19例，现介绍如下。     

木村病的CT和MRI表现

目的 探讨木村病的CT和MRI表现.方法 回顾性分析18例经病理证实的木村病的CT和MRI表现,包括病灶的位置、数目、大小、边界、密度或信号强度、强化方式.结果 18例木村病患者,单发9例,多发9例,发生于头颈部14例(其中同时累及头颈部和上臂2例),前臂2例,大腿2例.16例边界不清,2例边界清楚.所有病灶密度或信号...     

胸膜少见肿瘤的CT表现分析

目的 分析胸膜少见肿瘤的CT表现,提高对该类疾病的认识和诊断水平.方法 回顾性分析经病理证实的24例胸膜少见肿瘤的临床、影像及病理资料,总结CT表现特征.结果 24例胸膜少见肿瘤中,孤立性纤维瘤7例,肿块平均最大径约11.9 cm,5例增强扫描"地图样"强化,3例渐进性强化;原始神经外胚层(Askin)肿瘤5例,肿块平...     

肺霍奇金淋巴瘤的CT表现

目的 探讨肺霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)的CT表现,提高对本病的认识.方法 回顾性分析7例经手术病理证实的肺HL的临床和影像学资料,7例均行胸部CT平扫.结果 7例中肺原发2例,继发5例.CT表现为弥漫肺泡结节1例,多发结节2例,多发结节伴空洞1例,单发肿块3例.结论 肺HL的CT表现主要为结节或肿块型,其中结节型CT表现以多...     

局限性机化性肺炎CT表现

目的 分析局限性机化性肺炎(FOP)的影像学征象,探讨FOP的CT诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析57个经手术病理证实的FOP病灶,结节型(长径≤30 mm)40个,肿块型(长径>30 mm)17个,分析FOP分布位置、形态边缘、内部特点及强化特征等CT征象.结果 39个病灶位于右肺,18个病灶位于左肺;51个病灶位于外带肺野,6个病灶位于内中带肺野;FOP在肺叶和肺野分布的差异有统计学意义.FOP常见充气支气管征象(28/57),疏松症(18/57),血管集束征(21/57).49个病灶与胸膜相连,其中34个病灶与胸膜宽基底相连.CT增强扫描54个病灶,动脉期平均增强CT值35 HU,静脉期平均增强CT值45 HU,呈渐进性强化.肿块型FOP多呈不均匀强化(14/17),结节型FOP以均匀强化为主(25/40).肿块型FOP与结节型FOP边缘、形状、磨玻璃影、坏死、空洞、与胸膜相连的差异有统计学意义.结论 FOP的CT表现具有一定的特征性,增强CT扫描结合多平面重组图像有助于鉴别诊断.     

累及咽旁间隙的肿物的影像学特征

目的：分析累及咽旁间隙肿物的影像学特征。材料与方法：总结分析了１９例经手术病理证实的累及咽旁间隙肿物的ＭＲＩ、ＣＴ、ＭＲＡ和ＤＳＡ表现。包括腮裂囊肿４例、颈静脉球瘤３例、颈动脉体瘤４例、神经鞘瘤３例、鼻咽癌侵入咽旁间隙５例。１５例行ＭＲＩ检查、９例行ＣＴ扫描、３例行ＭＲＡ检查、５例行ＤＳＡ检查。结果：ＭＲＩ对肿块的大小、形态、位置、与周围组织的关系及继发改变能清晰显示，并可见具有特征性的副神经节瘤瘤内纡曲、匍行的低信号血管影。颈静脉球瘤的ＣＴ特征性表现是颈静脉孔的扩大和骨质破坏。ＭＲＡ和ＤＳＡ对肿瘤血管的显示十分清楚。结论：ＭＲＩ对累及咽旁间隙肿物的诊断优于ＣＴ，若能结合ＣＴ、ＤＳＡ、ＭＲＡ等其他影像学技术，能更准确地评估病变的部位和性质。     

咽旁间隙多形性腺瘤的CT表现

目的:探讨咽旁间隙多形性腺瘤的CT表现特点。方法:回顾性分析经病理证实的咽旁间隙多形性腺瘤17例,所有病例均行CT平扫及双期增强扫描,对肿瘤的部位、大小、边缘、形态、强化程度及方式进行分析。结果:17例病灶均位于咽旁茎突前间隙,所有病变均为单发,体积较大,病灶最长径为3～7cm,12例来源于腮腺深叶,5例来源于迷走的涎腺组织,病变增强动脉期均呈轻中度强化,15例(15/17)静脉期呈轻中度延迟强化。结论:咽旁间隙的多形性腺瘤诊断需依靠病变所在位置、茎突的移位情况及强化方式进行综合分析。     

Synovial sarcoma of the parapharyngeal space: CT and MRI

We present the CT and MRI findings of a histologically proven synovial sarcoma arising in the left parapharyngeal space of a 21-year-old man. CT was useful for confirming the presence of calcification within the tumour, which may be a favourable prognostic sign, and in excluding involvement of cortical bone. The CT and MRI findings were, however, nonspecific. MRI was superior to CT for assessing the topographical relationships of the tumour to the vessels and the invasion of neighbouring structures. Received: 5 October 1997 Accepted: 31 October 1997     

CT features of hyperostosing meningioma en plaque

Hyperostosis of the sphenoid ridge or convexity of the skull associated with meningioma en plaque (MEP) is often confused with other hyperostosing conditions, such as fibrous dysplasia or osteoma. The authors present nine cases, six of them proven, of hyperostosing MEP with specific attention to the CT features. All nine cases had one or more CT features that were characteristic or suggestive of MEP. These included periosteal pattern of hyperostosis, inward bulging of the vault lesion, surface irregularity of the hyperostotic bone, and intracranial changes. The role of CT in evaluating MEP is compared with other neuroradiologic techniques. The results indicate that high-resolution CT is the neuroimaging method of choice in evaluating MEP.     

Ossifying lipoma of the parapharyngeal space: CT and MRI findings

Ossifying lipomas independent of bone tissue are very rare. A literature review revealed that only few cases of ossifying lipoma independent of bone tissue have been reported. None of the cases have been reported in the international radiology literature. In addition, there are no reports concerning the MRI features of this entity. We describe CT and MRI findings in a case of ossifying lipoma of the parapharyngeal space.     

Extracranial meningioma of the parapharyngeal space: report of a case and review of the literature

Parapharyngeal tumours are frequently encountered in clinical practice and are often difficult to diagnose upon clinical examination due to the anatomic complexity of the region. We report a rare case of extracranial meningioma of the parapharyngeal space in a patient with no history of von Recklinghausen's disease, family history of meningioma or central neurofibromatosis (NF-2). The purpose of this report is to reiterate and emphasize the role of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of parapharyngeal masses, and to describe the characteristic radiological features of extracranial meningiomas.     

MRI of the parapharyngeal space

Magnetic resonance imaging has replaced contrast-enhanced CT as the primary imaging modality for parapharyngeal space masses. It has several advantages over CT. MRI's superior contrast resolution enables the imager to better define normal anatomic structures and establish more precise tumor margins. Magnetic resonance's direct multiplanar imaging capability allows the diagnostician to offer his clinical colleagues a more accurate assessment of the total extent (in three dimensions) of disease and a better map of the spatial relationship of tumors to crucial vessels. This important information aids the clinician in making better informed decisions concerning the appropriate treatment plan (surgery versus radiation, surgical approach, radiation ports). Magnetic resonance's major inadequacy, compared with CT, is suboptimal detection of calcifications and subtle bony changes. Because of this, there are clinical situations when both MRI and CT are required, either to make a more definitive diagnosis or to include (exclude) certain pathology in (from) the differential diagnosis. Although there is considerable overlap in the signal intensity of various lesions, it probably is beyond realistic expectations to seek complete tissue specificity from any imaging tool. Hopefully, MRI spectroscopy will enable us, as imagers, in combination with our basic science colleagues, to take that giant step forward.     

Separation of the masticator space from the parapharyngeal space

The separation of the masticator and parapharyngeal spaces is somewhat ambiguous. Anatomic specimens were dissected to define better the fascial layer representing the medial wall of the masticator space. A fascial layer was found extending from the medial pterygoid muscle to the skull base separating the masticator from the parapharyngeal space. The third branch of the trigeminal nerve was lateral to this fascial layer and thus passed through the masticator space. Clinical cases were reviewed. Tumors could be confidently assigned to the masticator, prestyloid, or poststyloid parapharyngeal spaces. Benign salivary gland tumors were found in the prestyloid parapharyngeal space only.