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1.
Nikolas L. Krott Gunnar M. Bloyinski Erik Cattrysse 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(4):304-314
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of thoracic high-velocity low-amplitude thrust (HVLAT) manipulation on quantitative and qualitative 3-dimensional cervical spine kinematic patterns in a subgroup of patients with acute neck pain.Methods
Thirty patients with acute neck pain, aged 20 to 59, received a thoracic HVLAT manipulation. Three-dimensional kinematics of the cervical spine were registered pretreatment and posttreatment using an electromagnetic tracking system. Quantitative and qualitative parameters were calculated for axial rotation, lateral bending, and flexion-extension movement. Subjective pain ratings were measured with the visual analogue scale and the Neck Disability Index and were collected pretreatment and posttreatment.Results
After treatment, the range of motion of the main motion improved significantly for axial rotation (P = .034), lateral bending (P < .001), and flexion-extension (P = .031). Although for axial rotation as the main motion, the smoothness of the flexion-extension movement improved significantly after treatment (P = .036), the reverse was true for flexion-extension as the main motion. Visual analogue scale scores exhibited a statistically (P < .001) and clinically significant reduction of pain sensation. The mean change in Neck Disability Index scores only exhibited a statistically significant improvement 1 week after treatment.Conclusion
Thoracic HVLAT manipulation led to positive changes in quantitative and qualitative aspects of 3-dimensional cervical spine kinematics. Because of the 1-intervention group design, external factors influencing the healing process could not be eliminated. 相似文献2.
Daniel García-Pérez-Juana César Fernández-de-las-Peñas José L. Arias-Buría Joshua A. Cleland Gustavo Plaza-Manzano Ricardo Ortega-Santiago 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(7):551-560
Objective
The purpose of the current randomized clinical trial was to examine the effects of cervical thrust manipulation or sham manipulation on cervicocephalic kinaesthetic sense, pain, pain-related disability, and pressure pain sensitivity in patients with mechanical neck pain.Methods
Fifty-four individuals with neck pain were randomly assigned to receive either a cervical manipulation (right or left) or a sham manipulation. Immediate outcomes included cervical kinesthetic sense as assessed by joint position sense error (JPSE) and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs). At 1 week, neck pain intensity (numerical pain rate scale) and neck pain-related disability (Neck Disability Index [NDI]) outcomes were also collected.Results
The mixed-model analysis of covariance revealed a significant group × time interaction in favor of the cervical thrust manipulation group for the JPSE on rotation and extension. There was also a significant interaction for changes in PPTs at C5 to C6 and tibialis anterior. At the 1-week follow-up, a significant interaction existed for neck-related disability but not for neck pain at rest, worst pain, or lowest pain experienced the preceding week.Conclusions
Our results suggest that cervical spine thrust manipulation improves JPSE, PPT and NDI in participants with chronic mechanical neck pain. Furthermore, changes in JPSE and NDI were large and surpass published minimal detectable changes for these outcome measures. In addition, the effect sizes of PPTs were medium; however, only C5 to C6 zygapophyseal joint exceeded the minimal detectable change. In contrast, cervical thrust manipulation did not improve neck pain intensity at 1 week after the intervention. 相似文献3.
Serkan Taş Feza Korkusuz Zafer Erden 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(7):580-588
Objectives
The purpose of the present study was to investigate differences in neck muscle stiffness between patients with chronic neck pain and asymptomatic control group.Methods
Thirty-five patients with chronic neck pain and 35 age-matched asymptomatic participants enrolled in the study. Shear wave velocity (SWV) of upper trapezius, levator scapulae, splenius capitis, and sternocleidomastoid muscles were obtained using an ACUSON S3000 Ultrasonography Device (Siemens Medical Solutions, Mountain View, California). In patients with chronic neck pain, pain intensity was measured by Numerical Rating Scale and disability level was measured by Neck Disability Index.Results
The SWV of splenius capitis was similar in both groups (P = .985); however, SWV of upper trapezius (P = .001), levator scapulae (P = .038), and sternocleidomastoid (P = .001) of the patients with chronic neck pain were higher compared with the asymptomatic controls groups. Numerical Rating Scale and Neck Disability Index scores did not correlate with the SWV of the selected muscles (P > .05).Conclusions
Stiffness of upper trapezius, levator scapulae, and sternocleidomastoid muscles in patients with neck pain were higher compared to asymptomatic participants. In addition, severity of pain and disability did not correlate to stiffness of these muscles in patient with chronic neck pain. 相似文献4.
Pamela Karine Alvino Gomes Rhoanie Barros Costa Silva Isabela Maria Dantas de Freitas Cid André Fidelis de Paula Gomes Cesário da Silva Souza Natanael Teixeira Alves de Sousa Almir Vieira Dibai-Filho 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(8):658-664
Objective
The purpose of this study was to correlate measurements of chronic neck pain with the balance and mobility of the lower limbs and to compare these variables between individuals with chronic neck pain and asymptomatic participants.Methods
This was a blinded cross-sectional study. Participants with chronic neck pain (n = 30) and asymptomatic participants (n = 30) were included in the study. To measure pain in the neck region, the Numeric Rating Scale, Neck Disability Index, and Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale were applied. The assessment of postural balance and mobility of the lower limbs was made using the Timed Up and Go Test, Functional Reach Test (FRT), Lateral Reach Test, and 30-second Chair Stand Test.Results
No statistically (P > .05) and clinically (d < 0.50) significant differences were identified for the variables tested here. However, regarding the correlations, a significant association was identified only between the intensity of pain during cervical movements and FRT (r = –0.312).Conclusion
Young adults with chronic neck pain present changes in static balance measured by means of the FRT; that is, the higher the intensity of pain, the lower the anteroposterior excursion of the body during the execution of the test. 相似文献5.
Kayleigh E. De Meulemeester Birgit Castelein Iris Coppieters Tom Barbe Ann Cools Barbara Cagnie 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2017,40(1):11-20
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate short-term and long-term treatment effects of dry needling (DN) and manual pressure (MP) technique with the primary goal of determining if DN has better effects on disability, pain, and muscle characteristics in treating myofascial neck/shoulder pain in women.Methods
In this randomized clinical trial, 42 female office workers with myofascial neck/shoulder pain were randomly allocated to either a DN or MP group and received 4 treatments. They were evaluated with the Neck Disability Index, general numeric rating scale, pressure pain threshold, and muscle characteristics before and after treatment. For each outcome parameter, a linear mixed-model analysis was applied to reveal group-by-time interaction effects or main effects for the factor “time.”Results
No significant differences were found between DN and MP. In both groups, significant improvement in the Neck Disability Index was observed after 4 treatments and 3 months (P < .001); the general numerical rating scale also significantly decreased after 3 months. After the 4-week treatment program, there was a significant improvement in pain pressure threshold, muscle elasticity, and stiffness.Conclusion
Both treatment techniques lead to short-term and long-term treatment effects. Dry needling was found to be no more effective than MP in the treatment of myofascial neck/shoulder pain. 相似文献6.
Johanna Wibault Birgitta Öberg Åsa Dedering Håkan Löfgren Peter Zsigmond Liselott Persson Maria Andell Margareta R. Jonsson Anneli Peolsson 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2017,40(5):330-339
Objective
The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative rehabilitation with structured physiotherapy to the standard approach in patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR) in a prospective randomized study at 6 months follow-up based on measures of neck-related physical function, self-efficacy, and coping strategies.Methods
Patients with persistent CR and scheduled for surgery (N = 202) were randomly assigned to structured postoperative physiotherapy or a standard postoperative approach. Structured postoperative physiotherapy combined neck-specific exercises with a behavioral approach. Baseline, 3-month, and 6-month evaluations included questionnaires and clinical examinations. Neck muscle endurance, active cervical range of motion, self-efficacy, pain catastrophizing (CSQ-CAT), perceived control over pain, and ability to decrease pain were analyzed for between-group differences using complete case and per-protocol approaches.Results
No between-group difference was reported at the 6-month follow-up (P = .05-.99), but all outcomes had improved from baseline (P < .001). Patients undergoing structured postoperative physiotherapy with ≥50% attendance at treatment sessions had larger improvements in CSQ-CAT (P = .04) during the rehabilitation period from 3 to 6 months after surgery compared with the patients who received standard postoperative approach.Conclusions
No between-group difference was found at 6 months after surgery based on measures of neck-related physical function, self-efficacy, and coping strategies. However, the results confirm that neck-specific exercises are tolerated by patients with CR after surgery and may suggest a benefit from combining surgery with structured postoperative physiotherapy for patients with CR. 相似文献7.
Purpose
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of therapeutic ultrasound (US) on chronic cervical radiculopathy (CR) patients using both the clinical parameters and the cross-sectional area (CSA) values of the cervical nerve roots (NR) measured by high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS).Methods
Thirty-two patients with chronic CR were included in this prospective, controlled, and single-blind study. All of the patients received therapeutic US at continuous mode, 1-MHz frequency, and 1.5-W/cm2 intensity for 10 sessions. The patients were assessed using VAS for pain, Modified Neck Disability Index, and Short-form 12, and cervical NR were examined with HRUS. The data were obtained before treatment (W0), the second week immediately after treatment (W2), and at the sixth week (W6).Results
Twenty-nine patients and a total of 42 affected cervical NR and 42 unaffected cervical NR (control group) were evaluated. A significant improvement was observed for all clinical parameters and CSA values of affected cervical NR both at W2 and W6 compared to pre-treatment values (p < 0.05).Conclusions
We found therapeutic US to be beneficial in improvement of pain, disability, and quality of life of patients with chronic CR. We suggest that CSA measurements may also contribute to both diagnosis and post-treatment evaluation in chronic CR.8.
Minyoung Lee Sang Heon Lee TaeYeong Kim Hyun-Joon Yoo Sung Hoon Kim Dong-Won Suh Jaebum Son BumChul Yoon 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2017,98(1):80-87
Objective
To explore the feasibility of a newly developed smartphone-based exercise program with an embedded self-classification algorithm for office workers with neck pain, by examining its effect on the pain intensity, functional disability, quality of life, fear avoidance, and cervical range of motion (ROM).Design
Single-group, repeated-measures design.Setting
The laboratory and participants' home and work environments.Participants
Offices workers with neck pain (N=23; mean age ± SD, 28.13±2.97y; 13 men).Intervention
Participants were classified as having 1 of 4 types of neck pain through a self-classification algorithm implemented as a smartphone application, and conducted corresponding exercise programs for 10 to 12min/d, 3d/wk, for 8 weeks.Main Outcome Measures
The visual analog scale (VAS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and cervical ROM were measured at baseline and postintervention.Results
The VAS (P<.001) and NDI score (P<.001) indicated significant improvements in pain intensity and functional disability. Quality of life showed significant improvements in the physical functioning (P=.007), bodily pain (P=.018), general health (P=.022), vitality (P=.046), and physical component scores (P=.002) of the SF-36. The FABQ, cervical ROM, and mental component score of the SF-36 showed no significant improvements.Conclusions
The smartphone-based exercise program with an embedded self-classification algorithm improves the pain intensity and perceived physical health of office workers with neck pain, although not enough to affect their mental and emotional states. 相似文献9.
Marie-Pier Girard Julie O’Shaughnessy Chantal Doucet Emeline Lardon Britt Stuge Stephanie-May Ruchat Martin Descarreaux 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(3):234-241
Objective
Pain in the pelvic girdle area is commonly reported during pregnancy and the postpartum period, and its impact on quality of life is considerable. The Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ), developed in 2011 in Norway, is the only condition-specific tool assessing pelvic girdle pain–related symptoms and disability. The questionnaire was recently translated and adapted for the French-Canadian population. The objective of this study was to assess the measurement properties of the previously translated French-Canadian PGQ.Methods
Eighty-two women with pelvic girdle pain were included in this validation study. The French-Canadian PGQ, pain intensity Numeric Rating Scale, and Oswestry Disability Index were completed by participants at baseline, 48 hours later, and 3 to 6 months later to assess test-retest reliability, construct validity, responsiveness, floor and ceiling effects, and internal consistency.Results
Reliability analyses indicated an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.841 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.750-0.901) for the global score. Construct validity analyses indicated a Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 0.696 with the Oswestry Disability Index. Responsiveness analyses identified an effect size of 0.908 (95% CI 0.434-1.644) and an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.823 (95% CI 0.692-0.953). There was no floor or ceiling effect, and internal consistency analyses indicated a Cronbach α of .933 for the activity subscale and .673 for the symptom subscale.Conclusion
Overall, the French-Canadian version of the PGQ is reliable, valid, and responsive, suggesting that it can be implemented in both research and clinical settings to assess functional limitations in pregnant and postpartum women. 相似文献10.
Małgorzata Starzec Aleksandra Truszczyńska-Baszak Britt Stuge Adam Tarnowski Witold Rongies 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(8):698-703
Objective
The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) into Polish to allow pelvic girdle pain (PGP) assessment in Polish women.Methods
The translation process comprised 4 stages: forward translation, backward translation, committee review, and pretest. We then conducted a pilot study of the final version of the questionnaire in 49 women (mean age: 31.2 years, standard deviation: 3.74 years) who had PGP when pregnant or within a year postpartum.Results
The internal consistency of the newly created questionnaire assessed with Cronbach’s α was 0.916.Conclusion
The internal consistency of the process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Polish version of the PGQ was satisfactory. The Polish version of the PGQ may be used both in clinical practice and for research among Polish women with PGP. 相似文献11.
Carlos Eduardo Girasol Almir Vieira Dibai-Filho Alessandra Kelly de Oliveira Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(4):350-357
Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between skin temperature over a myofascial trigger point in the upper trapezius muscle and range of motion of the cervical spine, electromyographic activity, and pain in patients with chronic neck pain.Methods
This is a single-blind cross-sectional study. Forty participants of both sexes, aged 18 to 45 years, with chronic neck pain and myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle were included in the study. The participants were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale, the Neck Disability Index, infrared thermography, algometry, fleximetry, and electromyographic activity.Results
A positive association was observed between skin temperature to the right with the range of motion of cervical flexion (r = 0.322, P = .043), the median frequency of isometrics to the right (r = 0.341, P = .032), and the median frequency of rest to the left (rs = 0.427, P = .006); as were a negative association between skin temperature to the right and the root mean square of rest to the right (rs = -0.447, P = .004), and a positive association of skin temperature to the left with the median frequency of isometrics to the right (r = 0.365, P = .020), and the median frequency of rest to the left (rs = 0.573, P < .001).Conclusion
Patients with chronic neck pain who had reduction of skin temperature over myofascial trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle had reduced cervical range of motion for flexion, reduced median frequency at rest and during isometric contraction, and increased root mean square at rest. 相似文献12.
Luciana de Araujo Cazotti Anamaria Jones Diego Roger-Silva Luiza Helena Coutinho Ribeiro Jamil Natour 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(9):1740-1746
Objective
To assess the effectiveness of the Pilates method on pain, function, quality of life, and consumption of pain medication in patients with mechanical neck pain.Design
The design was a randomized controlled trial, with a blinded assessor and intention-to-treat analysis.Setting
The study took place in the outpatient clinic of the rheumatology department, referral center.Participants
Patients (N=64) with chronic mechanical neck pain were randomly allocated to 2 groups: the Pilates group (PG) and a control group (CG).Interventions
The PG attended 2 sessions of Pilates per week, for 12 weeks. The protocol included Pilates exercises performed on a mat and on equipment and was adapted depending on the physical fitness of each participant; the repetitions varied from 6 to 12, respecting patient reports of fatigue and pain, using a single series for each exercise. The CG received only the standard pharmacological treatment. Both groups were instructed to use acetaminophen 750 mg if necessary. Patients were evaluated at baseline after 45, 90, and 180 days.Main Outcome Measures
We used the Numerical Pain Scale for pain, the Neck Disability Index for function, and the SF-36 questionnaire for quality of life.Results
The groups were homogeneous at baseline, the only exception being body mass index (BMI), with the PG showing higher BMI. Regarding the assessment between groups over time, statistical differences were identified for pain (P<.001), function (P<.001) and the SF-36 (functional capacity, P=.019; pain, P<.001; general health, P=.022; vitality, P<.001; mental health, P=.012) with the PG consistently achieving better results. Drug consumption was lower in PG patients (P=.037).Conclusions
This trial demonstrated the effectiveness of the Pilates method for the treatment of chronic mechanical neck pain, resulting in improvement of pain, function, quality of life, and reduction of the use of analgesics. 相似文献13.
Åsa Dedering Anneli Peolsson Joshua A. Cleland Marie Halvorsen Mikael A. Svensson Marie Kierkegaard 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2018,99(12):2447-2456
Objective
To compare the effects of a neck-specific training program to prescribed physical activity with both groups receiving a cognitive behavioral approach, on pain and disability in patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR).Design
Parallel-group randomized clinical trial with follow-up at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months.Setting
Recruitment and assessments of participants were performed at a university hospital. Interventions were performed in primary care setting at outpatient physiotherapy clinics.Participants
Patients (N=144) with CR were recruited to participate in this clinical trial.Interventions
Patients were randomly assigned to 3 months of either of a neck-specific training program or prescribed physical activity.Main Outcome Measures
Primary outcomes included self-rated neck and arm pain as collected by the visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were self-rated headache measured with the VAS, the Neck Disability Index, the EuroQol 5D, the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Assessments were performed at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up periods.Results
Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses showed no significant interaction (group × time) or group effects. There were, however, significant time effects indicating improvement over time for both groups for all outcomes except for levels of depression.Conclusions
The study revealed that neck-specific training as well as prescribed physical activity both including additional cognitive behavioral approach decreased the pain in patients with CR, that is, participants improved regardless of the intervention received. There is a lack of consensus of how to best manage individuals with CR. However, our findings suggest that CR has a natural favorable long-term outcome when patients are prescribed neck-specific training and exercise in combination with a behavioral approach. 相似文献14.
Sarah Dion Maja Stupar Pierre Côté Julie-Marthe Grenier John A. Taylor 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(2):156-163
Objective
The purpose of this study was to establish consensus on a radiographic definition for cervical instability for routine use in chiropractic patients who sustain trauma to the cervical spine.Method
We conducted a modified Delphi study with a panel of chiropractic radiologists. Panelists were asked to rate potential screening criteria for traumatic cervical spine instability when assessing cervical spine radiographs. Items rated as important for inclusion by at least 60% of participants in round 1 were submitted for a second round of voting in round 2. Items rated for inclusion by at least 75% of the participants in round 2 were used to create the consensus-based list of screening criteria. Participants were asked to vote and reach agreement on the final screening criteria list in round 3.Results
Twenty-nine chiropractic radiologists participated in round 1. After 3 rounds of survey, 85% of participants approved the final consensus-based list of criteria for traumatic cervical spine instability screening, including 6 clinical signs and symptoms and 5 radiographic criteria. Participants agreed that the presence of 1 or more of these clinical signs and symptoms and/or 1 or more of the 5 radiographic criteria on routine static radiographic studies suggests cervical instability.Conclusion
The consensus-based radiographic definition of traumatic cervical spine instability includes 6 clinical signs and symptoms and 5 radiographic criteria that doctors of chiropractic should apply to their patients who sustain trauma to the cervical spine. 相似文献15.
Mariana Cândido Ferreira Martin Björklund Fabiola Dach Thais Cristina Chaves 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2017,40(3):176-186
Objective
The purpose of this study was to adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the ProFitMap-neck to Brazilian Portuguese.Methods
The cross-cultural adaptation consisted of 5 stages, and 180 female patients with chronic neck pain participated in the study. A subsample (n = 30) answered the pretest, and another subsample (n = 100) answered the questionnaire a second time. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity (hypothesis testing and structural validity) were estimated. For construct validity, the scores of the questionnaire were correlated with the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).Results
Internal consistency was determined by adequate Cronbach's α values (α > 0.70). Strong reliability was identified by high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC > 0.75). Construct validity was identified by moderate and strong correlations of the Br-ProFitMap-neck with total NDI score (–0.56 < R < –0.71) and with the SF-36, HADS-anxiety, HADS-depression, and TSK (–0.32 < R < –0.82). Exploratory factor analysis revealed 2 factors for the Symptom scale: intensity index and the Function scale. Symptom scale–frequency index identified 1 factor. Structural validity was determined by percentage of cumulative variance >50%, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index > 0.50, eigenvalue > 1, and factor loadings > 0.2.Conclusion
Br-ProFitMap-neck had adequate psychometric properties and can be used in clinical settings, as well as research, in patients with chronic neck pain. 相似文献16.
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18.
Andrew Portelli Susan A. Reid 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(2):123-128
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to evaluate if young people with insidious-onset neck pain who spend long periods on mobile electronic devices (known as “text neck") have impaired cervical proprioception and if this is related to time on devices.Methods
A 2-group comparative observational study was conducted at an Australian university. Twenty-two participants with text neck and 22 asymptomatic controls, all of whom were 18 to 35 years old and spent ≥4 hours per day on unsupported electronic devices, were assessed using the head repositioning accuracy (HRA) test. Differences between groups were calculated using independent sample t-tests, and correlations between neck pain intensity, time on devices, and HRA test were performed using Pearson’s bivariate analysis.Results
During cervical flexion, those with text neck (n = 22, mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 21 ± 4 years, 59% female) had a 3.9° (SD: 1.4°) repositioning error, and the control group (n = 22, 20 ± 1 years, 68% female) had a 2.9° (SD: 1.2°) error. The mean difference was 1° (95% confidence interval: 0–2, P = .02). For other cervical movements, there was no difference between groups. There was a moderately significant correlation (P ≤ .05) between time spent on electronic devices and cervical pain intensity and between cervical pain intensity and HRA during flexion.Conclusion
The participants with text neck had a greater proprioceptive error during cervical flexion compared with controls. This could be related to neck pain and time spent on electronic devices. 相似文献19.
Gerard A. Keown Peter A. Tuchin 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2018,41(6):508-529
Introduction
The purpose of this systematic review was to examine literature on workplace factors associated with neck pain or symptoms in computer users performing clerical functions.Methods
A systematic search of the Cochrane, Medline, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases was conducted for observational and experimental studies published since 2000. This review applied the case definition of The Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders.Results
Seven hundred twenty-nine studies were identified. Seven hundred and two studies were excluded. Twenty-seven studies fulfilled inclusion criteria and were assessed for risk of bias. Cross-sectional studies were commonly at risk from nonresponse bias and lack of adequate case definitions. Experimental studies were mostly at risk of bias due to confounding and participant recruitment methods.Conclusions
Neck pain was not significantly associated with high job demands, low skill discretion, low decision authority, or low peer support. However, when these variables were combined with increased duration of computing tasks, or ergonomic demands, they reached significance. Supervisor support was found to be the only significant buffer capable of preventing these variables reaching significance in female office workers. 相似文献20.
Rodrigo Miguel Ruivo Pedro Pezarat-Correia Ana Isabel Carita 《Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics》2017,40(1):1-10