脑外科手术中机器人的应用

临床应用国产机器人系统辅助完成脑外科立体定向手术。方法：机器人系统主要由影像引导装置，三维定位软件和智能机械臂等部分组成。手术时，机器人系统通过识别贴附于患者头部的标志点，建立相应的三维坐标体系；智能机械臂按照手术规划自动地锁定，为术者准确导航并提供操作平台。     

机器人系统辅助脑立体定向手术

目的：作者应用国产ＣＲＡＳ－ＨＢ型机器人系统（Ｃｏｍｐｕｅｒ ａｎｄ ｒｏｂｏｔ ａｓｓｉｓｔｅｄ ｓｕｒｇｅｒｙ，ｔｙｐｅ ＢＨ１）辅助完成脑立体定向手术。方法 机器人系统主要是由ＰＵＭＡ２６０硬件平台、图像引导定位软件、放射性药物注入控制等模拟组成。结果：利用该系统成功地辅助完成立体定向脑肿瘤内放疗、脑内血肿排空、脑内病变活检等手术，结论：该机器人设计结构合理，操作集成实用性强、定位精确且操作     

标本溶血对乙肝表面抗原检测的影响

在ＨＢｓＡｇ的林测中，常常遇到有溶血的标本，笔者用机械溶血的方法北照检测了溶血和非溶血标本的ＨＢｓＡｇ，现将结果报告如下．１ 临床资料 样本：３０例血液标本取自本院就诊病人。抽取静脉血３ｍｌ，凝固后离心分离部分血清标本；再用机械法造成溶血，离心后取其溶血血清．另在ＨＢｓＡｇ常砚检测中留取１０份ＯＤ值附近的血清及机械溶血后离心取其溶血血清． 试剂：ＨＢｓＡｇ试剂盒由深圳月弯湾生物工程公司提供，批弓：９９０８０１１，有效期内使用，操作按说明书． 仪器：ＤＥＮＬＥＹ　ＤＲＡＧＯＮ　ＮＫ２酶标仪．２ 结 果 …     

HDV/HBV体外感染原代培养人胎肝细胞的实验研究

目的：建立ＨＤＶ／ＨＢＶ感染人胎肝细胞体外培养系统。方法：利用ＨＤＶ／ＨＢＶ阳性血清同时感染体外２的人胎肝细胞;应用ＥＬＩＳＡ、免疫组化法、原位杂交法和斑点法检测上清液和细胞中ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＤＡｇ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ和ＨＤＶｃＤＮＡ。结果：上清液和细胞中ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＤＡｇ、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ和ＨＤＶｃＤＮＡ在感染后第２天至第１６天均可测出,其中上清液中ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＤＡｇ以感染后第４天至第１２天达高峰,结论     

HBV_2患者血清HBsAg的氨基酸组成分析

将２例ＨＢＶ＿２患者血清ＨＢｓＡｇ纯化，分析了ＨＢＶ＿２的ＨＢｓＡｇ氨基酸组成，并与分子量为６３０１９８道尔顿ＨＢＶ＿１的ＨＢｓＡｇ三种多肽氨基醚组成比较。实验发现，ＨＢＶ＿２与ＨＢＶ＿１的ＨＢｓＡｇ的氨基醚组成有较大区别，且区别指数均在１３以上。提示ＨＢＶ＿１和ＨＢＶ＿２的ＨＢｓＡｇ在一级结构上存在较大差异；ＨＢＶ＿２可能系一新的乙型肝炎病毒，也可能系由于ＨＢＶ＿１Ｓ区核苷酸突变所致的变异株。     

抗人卵巢癌单克隆抗体COC183-B2重链可变区基因的体外扩增、克隆及序列分析

目的：分离抗人卵巢癌单克隆抗体ＣＯＣ１８３Ｂ２重链可变区（ＶＨ）基因并测定其序列。方法：用反转录ＰＣＲ扩增抗人卵巢癌单抗ＣＯＣ１８３Ｂ２ＶＨ基因，将其克隆入ＰＵＣ１９载体，重组子用Ｓａｎｇｅｒ’ｓ双脱氧链终止法测定序列，将序列与ＧｅｎｅＢａｎｋ及已发表的抗体序列比较。结果：ＶＨ基因全长３５４ｂｐ，属鼠免疫球蛋白重链混杂亚类（ｓｕｂｇｒｏｕｐｍｉｓｃｅｌａｎｅｏｕｓ），由种系基因的ＶＨ，Ｄｓｐ２．５及ＭＵＳＪＨ４重排而来。该ＶＨ基因序列已被ＧｅｎｅＢａｎｋ收录（ａｃｃｅｓｓｉｏｎＮｏＡＦ０４５０２３）。结论：该ＶＨ基因为抗人卵巢癌单抗ＣＯＣ１８３Ｂ２功能性重链可变区基因。     

HBV感染者血中大颗粒淋巴细胞的测定

分５组测定了乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）感染者血中大颗粒淋巴细胞（ＬＧＬ）的含量，每组各３０例。其中（１）组：乙型肝炎表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）、ｅ抗原（ＨＢｅＡｇ）和核心抗体（ＨＢｃＡｂ）均为阳性；（２）组：为ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性者；（３）组：为ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性、抗－ＨＢｅ和抗－ＨＢｃ阳性者；（４）组：为抗－ＨＢｓ阳性者；（５）组：为抗－ＨＢｓ和抗－ＨＢｅ阳性者。并且与对照组进行比较。结果表明，（１＿     

乙型肝炎疫苗8741—1对新生儿的免疫效果

目的：观察乙肝疫苗８７４１－１对新生儿的免疫效果。方法：对３４例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性孕妇所生子女进行该疫苗的预防注射，注射后的不同时期抽血检查血清抗－ＨＢｓ、ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｃ的滴度。结果：抗－ＨＢｓ阳性率为８２４％～９６９％，有效保护率为７３５％～９３８％，ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率为２９４％～８８２％。结论：乙肝疫苗８７４１－１对新生儿具有良好的免疫结果。     

白马骨根水提取物的体外抗乙肝病毒作用

采用ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ转染细胞（２．２．１５细胞）为靶细胞，用Ａｒａ－Ａｍｐ为阳性对照药，观察在不同浓度下白马骨根水提取物对２．２．１５细胞表达ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ的影响。结果显示：白马骨根水提取物在１２．５ｍｇ￣１００ｍｇ／ｍｌ的浓度范围内，对２．２．１５细胞分泌ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ有抑制作用。     

广西孕妇乙型肝炎病毒宫内感染及其危险因素的研究

目的：为深入揭示乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）宫内感染及其危险因素。方法：采用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）结合酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对广西１１６例ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性和５２例ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性孕妇外周血及其引产胎儿胎心血进行ＨＢＶ血清学樗狐和ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ检测。结果：ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性、ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＢｅＡｇ双阳性、ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ阳性孕妇肺儿ＨＢＶ ＤＮＡ检出率（５１．３％、９０．２％、８３．８％）均分别显著高于对照组     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.