功能性消化不良的中医病因病机及治疗概况

功能性消化不良(FD)属于祖国医学的"胃脘痛""痞证""嘈杂""纳呆""胃缓"等范畴.如<素问·六元正纪大论篇>说:"木郁之发,民病胃脘当心而痛.     

功能性消化不良中医诊疗规范(草案)

20 0 1年 ,中华中医药学会内科脾胃病专业委员会第 1 3次会议通过了“功能性消化不良 ( FD)中医诊治规范 (草案 )。全文如下。1　概念持续或反复发作的上腹疼痛或不适等消化不良症状 ,经生化、内镜和影像等检查除外器质性疾病者即为 FD。2　诊断标准2 .1　诊断标准 :必须符合以下标准 :1在过去 1年内至少持续 1个月或间断发作累计达 3个月的上腹正中疼痛或不适 (如上腹胀、早饱、嗳气、恶心等 ) ;2上腹痛和不适与排便无关 ,不能在排便后缓解 ,亦未见有粪便次数和性状的改变 ;3生化、内镜、影像等理化检查排除了可解释上述症状的器质性病变…     

功能性消化不良中医治疗进展

功能性消化不良（简称FD）临床常见，其临床亚型已从运动障碍型、反流样型、溃疡样型、吞气症、不定型5型，简化为运动障碍型、溃疡样型及非特异性3型［“。近年对FD的研究．主要集中在运动障碍型。现将其中医治疗进展综述如下。1辨证分型及论治已报告的FD辨证分型有肝郁犯胃（肝胃不和）、肝胃郁热、脾虚气滞（中虚气滞）、湿阻、阴虚、血瘀、脾胃虚弱、肾虚、肝郁脾虚、心脾两虚、寒热错杂等。有人提出，FD辨证分为脾胃虚弱证、气滞血瘀证、食积证、寒热错杂证、混合证，治则为通补兼施、寒热并用，使脾气升运复常，胃气和降，肝气调…     

和胃消痞丸治疗功能性消化不良58例

功能性消化不良 ( FD)为常见的消化系统症状群 ,其发病机制至今尚未完全阐明 ,许多学者认为与胃运动功能障碍有关。笔者在临床中自拟和胃消痞丸治疗 FD5 8例 ,取得了明显疗效 ,并同期与吗丁啉治疗 30例 FD患者比较 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 .1　临床资料 :FD患者 88例 ,均具有典型的上腹部阵发性持续性疼痛或胀闷不适 ,餐后饱胀 ,早饱 ,腹胀 ,嗳气等症状 ,经 X线、胃镜及 B超等检查排除消化道器质性病变。病例随机分为两组 ,治疗组 5 8例 ,其中男 2 5例 ,女 33例 ;年龄 1 1～ 70岁 ,平均43.5岁 ;病程 2个月～ 5年。对照组 30例 ,男 …     

康尔胃2号治疗功能性消化不良近远期疗效观察

笔者于1999～2001年问应用康尔胃2号治疗功能性消化不良(FD)34例，停药后随访，同时设西药马丁啉治疗23例作对照，现将结果总结如下。     

功能性消化不良中医证型与胃电图的关系探讨

临床上笔根据功能性消化不良所具有的证候特征，分为三型，即脾胃虚弱型，肝气犯胃型及肝郁胃热型。其中脾胃虚弱型与肝气犯胃型类似于运动障碍型，而肝郁胃热型类似于溃疡样型。本对120例功能性消化不良中医证型与胃电图之间的关系进行分析，发现脾胃虚弱型胃电幅值比正常组及肝郁胃热型组低，肝气犯胃型组胃电幅值则呈不规则变化，肝郁胃热型组胃电幅值比正常人组高（P＜0.05），胃电波幅在一定程度上反映了中医脾、胃肝的病理生理变化。胃电图对功能性消化不良的中医证型提供了一定的诊断依据。     

中药治疗功能性消化不良的概况

功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)是一种常见的功能性胃肠疾病,临床症状有上腹痛、上腹胀、早饱、嗳气、食欲不振、恶心、呕吐等,但其临床表现不能用器质性、系统性或代谢性疾病等来解释,罗马Ⅳ标准[1]按其临床表现分为餐后不适综合征和上腹痛综合征2大类。西方国家流行病学调查发现,有20%~40%的普通人有FD症状,国内也同样有20%~45%的人出现FD症状,消化科门诊中FD患者占总量的20%~40%[2]。     

舒胃方治疗功能性消化不良临床观察

功能性消化不良 (ＦＤ)是常见的消化系统症状群 ,约占胃肠专科门诊患者的 1/ 3[1] 。主要症状为上腹胀 ,嗳气 ,早饱 ,上腹痛 ,纳呆 ,恶心等 ,严重者可致体重下降 ,影响健康和劳动出勤率。其发病机制尚不十分清楚 ,西药主要用吗丁啉、西沙必利等促胃肠动力药及对症治疗 ,效果不十分理想。近 5年来 ,我们用自拟中药处方舒胃方治疗 88例 ,疗效满意 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 1　一般资料 :参照文献 [2 ]制订诊断标准 :①上腹痛、腹胀、早饱、嗳气、泛酸、烧心、恶心、呕吐等上腹部症状连续超过 4周 ;②内镜检查未发现溃疡、糜烂、肿瘤等器质…     

中医辨证治疗功能性消化不良的临床研究

目的应用中医理论探讨功能性消化不良(functionaldyspepsia,FD)的发病机制和治疗方法.方法 FD患者138例,年龄14岁～78岁;有典型的消化不良症状,符合FD诊断标准:即有持续或反复发作上腹不适或疼痛、餐后饱胀、腹部胀气、嗳气、恶心、反酸等症状;病程持续或累计超过4wk,随访2a～4a无器质性病变发生,即2 a～4 a以来内镜检查正常或排除糜烂、溃疡及肿瘤等器质性病变,实验室、B超及X线等检查排除肝、胆、脾等器质性病变.全部病例随机分为中医治疗组98例,其中男40例,女58例,年龄16岁～72岁,平均年龄42岁±14岁;西药治疗组(对照组)40例,其中男14例,女26例,年龄14岁～78岁,平均年龄40岁±14岁.经统计学处理,两组差异无显著性,具有可比性(P>0.05).中医治疗组采用中医辨证方法进行治疗,98例FD根据中医辨证分为肝胃不和型、脾胃虚弱型、肝胃郁热型、胃阴不足型、气滞血瘀型,疗程结束后,对患者的临床症状改善情况进行比较分析.结果治疗组98例经中医辨证治疗4 wk后,痊愈24例,显效44例,有效21例,无效9例,总有效率91%;对照组40例应用西药进行治疗4 wk后,痊愈7例,显效21例,有效7例,总有效率87.5%,两组临床疗效比较差异无显著性(P>0.05,x2=1.22).结论中医对功能性消化不良的理论阐述具有较好临床指导意义,中医中药对功能性消化不良的治疗具有较好疗效.     

中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良的临床研究

目的探索中西医结合治疗功能性消化不良(Functional Dyspepsia,FD)疗效机理,评估中西医结合治疗FD疗效。方法通过多中心对798例FD患者,随机分成3组,分别用吗丁啉(A组),中药复方(B组)及吗丁啉加中药复方(C组)对其进行治疗,同时检测胃排空率、胃半排空时间、胃电参数、血浆胃动素及胃泌素水平,并观察各组疗效情况。结果 A组治愈46例,显效89例,进步49例,治愈率20.35％,总有效率81.42％;B组治愈58例,显效71例,进步50例,治愈率27.5％,总有效率84.83％;C组治愈187例,显效122例,进步40例,治愈率51.8％,总有效率96.68％,C组治愈率及总有效率都明显高于A、B组,具有统计学意义,胃排空率、胃半排空时间、胃电活动及胃电参数均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),胃动素水平较治疗前明显提高(P<0.05),而血浆胃泌素水平治疗前后无明显变化(P>0.05)结论中西医结合组治疗FD无论是总有效率还是治愈率均明显高于单一中约组或吗丁啉组,为日前治疗FD较为理想的方法,其机制主要是通过各个环节改善胃电活动,增加胃动力,从而达到治疗FD目的。     

功能性消化不良的心理评估及治疗策略

功能性消化不良（FD）病因及机制较为复杂,部分与抑郁、焦虑、躯体化及多种类型心理异常有关。对综合医院 疑诊心理因素相关FD患者可采用HADS（医院焦虑抑郁量表）或PHQ-9（患者健康问卷抑郁量表）和GAD-7（广泛性 焦虑量表）进行初步筛查。也可采用90项症状清单（SCL-90）对存在的多种心理相关的症状进行较全面筛查。汉密 尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）可用于判断抑郁,焦虑存在与否及程度,并可作为治疗前后疗效 的评估。PHQ-15量表可更全面评估躯体化症状和筛查躯体障碍与心理症状的共病情况。生活事件量表（LES）可判 断某事件对患者发病的正性或负性影响,判定患者症状是否与心理障碍有关。心理因素相关FD的治疗可应用促动 力药、抑酸药联合心理干预及中枢作用药物治疗,中医药对该类疾病也有一定的疗效。     

定志健运颗粒对功能性消化不良的疗效观察

[目的]观察自制剂定志健运颗粒治疗功能性消化不良（FD）的临床效果及安全性。[方法]将人选的122例FD患者随机分为治疗组72例和对照组50例,治疗组服用定志健运颗粒,对照组服用莫沙必利片,4周后观察疗效并复查胃排空延迟者钡条胃排空试验。[结果]治疗组与对照组的总有效率分别为91．7％、72．0％（P〈0．05）。2组对上腹胀满的改善作用差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,治疗组对上腹疼痛、食欲不振、情志异常、早饱、嗳气的疗效均优于对照组（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）;对照组治疗前后情志异常差异元统计学意义（P〉0.05）。治疗后2组胃排空延迟患者的胃排空能力均较治疗前显著提高（P〈0.01）,2组间胃排空试验有效率及钡条残留率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。服药及随访期间2组患者均未见明显不良反应。[结论]定志健运颗粒治疗该病疗效确切、安全性良好,值得推广应用。     

Chinese patent medicine for functional dyspepsia effects: A protocol for systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis

Background:In recent years, many clinical studies have suggested that various Chinese patent medicines have the potential to treat functional dyspepsia (FD). This study aims to conduct a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of different Chinese patent medicines for FD.Methods:A comprehensive retrieval method will be executed in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), VIP Database, and Wanfang Database. Clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of 9 Chinese patent medicines for FD are searched, and the retrieval time is from inception to October 2021. Three reviewers will screen the RCTs that meet the inclusion criteria and extract the data independently. The outcomes include total clinical efficiency, cure rate, recurrence rate, symptom score, and adverse events. Cochrane risk-of-bias tool will be carried to assess RCTs quality. The “gemtc” package and “rjags” package in R software will be used to manage data within the Bayesian framework.Results:The results can provide relatively objective evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of these 9 Chinese patent medicines in treating FD, which may help clinicians to develop a more effective and safer treatment plan.Conclusion:This study aims to provide new options for Chinese patent medicine treatment of FD in terms of its efficacy and safety.     

Acupuncture as add-on treatment for functional dyspepsia: A protocol for systematic review

Background:Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease with a high prevalence. However, due to the limitations of conventional Western treatments, such as acid suppressants, prokinetics, Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment, and antidepressants, the popularity of complementary and alternative medicine, such as acupuncture, is steadily increasing. We describe the methods that will be used to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture as add-on therapies to conventional Western medications in patients with FD.Methods and analysis:A total of 12 English, Korean, and Chinese electronic databases will be searched by 2 researchers from their inception dates to December 2020. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture as add-on therapies to conventional Western medications in patients with FD will be included. The primary outcome measure will be the symptom score of FD, and secondary outcome measures will be total effective rate, quality of life, level of gut peptide hormones, incidence of adverse events, and recurrence rate. Data analysis will be performed using the Review Manager version 5.3. The risk of bias of the included studies and the quality of evidence for the main findings will be evaluated using the Cochrane Collaborations risk of bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach, respectively.Conclusion:The findings of this review will provide evidence on the complementary effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for FD for clinicians, patients, and policy makers in decision making.OSF registration number:DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/MXREN (https://osf.io/mxren).     

Impact of functional dyspepsia on quality of life

Little information on functional status and well-being is available in patients with functional gastrointestinal disease. We aimed to evaluate whether quality of life is poorer in patients with functional dyspepsia. A consecutive sample of 73 patients with functional dyspepsia completed a validated questionnaire prior to endoscopy. Organic disease controls comprised 658 outpatients attending endoscopy. Quality of life was measured using the validated Medical Outcomes Survey (which assessed physical, role, and social functioning; mental health; health perception; and any bodily pain) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (for current anxiety and depression); additional specific gastrointestinal items were also included. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between diagnostic group and the quality of life measures, adjusting for potential confounders. Patients who reported more interruptions in their daily activities due to abdominal pain and who had fewer limitations of physical functioning were more likely to have functional dyspepsia (vs other disease,P<0.01). Mental health, social functioning, and health perception also tended to be poorer in functional dyspepsia. We conclude that quality of life may be more impaired in patients with functional dyspepsia than in patients with other conditions, who present for upper endoscopy.This work was supported in part by grant AG09440 from the National Institutes of Health.     

自噬与动脉粥样硬化的关系及中药的干预作用

自噬是由溶酶体介导的降解胞质内受损的细胞器或蛋白质的代谢过程。适度的自噬对动脉粥样硬化具有保护作用,过度的自噬却会导致细胞死亡,不利于斑块的稳定性。中药能通过多途径、多靶点整合起效防治动脉粥样硬化,其机制很可能与调控动脉粥样硬化相关细胞自噬有关。本文就自噬在动脉粥样硬化中的双重作用、调控自噬对干预动脉粥样硬化的意义、中药对自噬的影响及其在动脉粥样硬化防治中的潜在意义作一综述。     

舒肝解郁胶囊治疗伴轻中度抑郁症的功能性消化不良的临床效果观察

[目的]观察舒肝解郁胶囊治疗伴轻中度抑郁症状的功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)患者的临床疗效及不良反应。[方法]将245例伴轻中度抑郁症的FD患者随机分为观察组与对照组,采用随机双盲对照研究,2组均服用多潘立酮片、雷贝拉唑片,观察组135例加服舒肝解郁胶囊,对照组110例加服用安慰剂,疗程均为4周。比较2组治疗前后临床疗效、胃肠道症状评定量表(gastrointestinal symptom rating scale,GSRS)积分、医院焦虑抑郁量表(hospital anxiety depression scale,HADS)抑郁症状评分及不良反应。[结果]治疗4周后,观察组显效24例(17.8%),有效81例(60.0%),无效30例(22.2%),总有效率为77.8%;对照组显效4例(3.6%),有效35例(31.8%),无效71例(64.5%),总有效率为35.5%;观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组GSRS积分及HADS抑郁症状评分均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]舒肝解郁胶囊联合质子泵抑制剂及促胃动力药治疗伴轻中度抑郁症状的FD疗效显著,安全可靠。     

中医药治疗艾滋病概述

从研究历程、科研项目、文献分析、医疗救助等方面,对中医药治疗艾滋病的现状和进展进行概述。尽管目前中医药治疗艾滋病已经取得了一些成绩,但艾滋病是一种极其复杂的难治的疾病,中医药要充分发挥其治疗艾滋病的优势,还有很长的路要走,建立中西医互补的艾滋病治疗模式,将是今后需要努力的方向。