阳极氧化处理后的新型钛合金体外诱导实验及对成骨细胞早期附着的影响

目的：研究新型医用钛合金Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7．9Sn（TNZS）经过阳极氧化（AD）技术处理后体外诱导活性及对人成骨样MG63细胞早期附着的影响。方法：采用阳极氧化处理TNZS合金，对其进行模拟体液（SBF）浸泡实验，分析其表面元素成分及相结构的变化；并将人成骨样MG63细胞接种于Ti6Al4V、TNZS、AD—TNZS表面，观察细胞的早期附着及形态学变化。结果：AD—TNZS在SBF中浸泡6d后，材料表面有羟基磷灰石形成。在MG63成骨样细胞接种60、120min时，人成骨样MG63细胞在AD—TNZS表面的附着率均明显高于Ti6Al4V和TNZS表面附着率（P〈0．05），并表现出良好的形态。结论：阳极氧化后的新型医用钛合金在模拟体液中可诱导羟基磷灰石形成；对成骨细胞的早期附着有一定的促进作用。     

纯钛表面微弧氧化膜的结构与成分分析

目的:探讨纯钛表面应用微弧氧化技术进行改性的效果。方法:应用微弧氧化技术在纯钛表面制备陶瓷膜层,并用扫描电镜(SEM)观察其表面和横断面形貌,X射线能谱(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)分析其元素成分和晶相结构。结果:微弧氧化处理后,纯钛表面生成微孔结构的氧化膜,膜层厚度约20μm,由O,Ti,Ca,P四种元素组成。膜层表面有火山丘状的微孔分布,直径约0.1μm-5μm。膜层由锐钛矿型和金红石型二氧化钛及少量结晶相羟基磷灰石组成。结论:经微弧氧化技术处理后,纯钛种植体表面生成了内层致密外层多孔的晶相二氧化钛膜,含有少量羟基磷灰石。此结论可供今后开发新型口腔种植材料参考。     

纯钛阳极氧化及表面薄层羟基磷灰石形成技术的研究——Ⅰ.氧化膜的制备及羟基磷灰石涂层的形成

目的：初步了解制备纯钛表面阳极氧化膜和沉积HA薄涂层的技术路线。方法：商业纯钛片经抛光、除油、酸洗后,置于电解槽中进行阳极氧化,采用β－磷酸甘油钠和醋钙作为电解质,阳极化条件为直流电压200V－400V,电流密度≤50mA/cm^2,时间15分钟,阳极氧化完毕后将钛片经高温水热处理2小时（180℃－300℃）。结果：在阳极化后的钛片表达出现蜂窝状孔隙,孔径约1μm-3μm,周围为较规则的突起;X射线衍射图谱（XRD）显示钛表面有金红石和锐钛矿两种氧化钛形态,能谱分析（EDAX）表明钛表面氧化膜内含Ca、P元素;水热处理后,在钛表面出现了结晶物,XRD证明其为HA。结论：阳极氧化可以在纯钛表面形成呈蜂窝状孔隙的、含Ca、P的氧化膜,经水热处理后,在氧化膜表面沉积了HA薄涂层。     

新型钛合金阳极氧化后对成骨细胞增殖、分化的影响

目的研究新型医用钛合金Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn(TNZS)经过阳极氧化(AD)技术处理后对成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响。方法将人成骨样MG63细胞接种于Ti6Al4V、TNZS、AD-TNZS表面,采用MTT法检测成骨细胞的增殖情况,考马斯亮蓝G250染色法检测细胞总蛋白质含量,对硝基苯磷酸盐法检测碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性。结果人成骨样MG63细胞在Ti6Al4V、TNZS以及AD-TNZS表面均能良好生长,细胞增殖率、细胞总蛋白含量未见明显差异(P>0.05);但培养至4、7d时,AD-TNZS组细胞ALP活性明显高于其他组(P<0.05)。结论阳极氧化处理的TNZS钛合金可促进成骨细胞的分化。     

阳极氧化后新型钛铌锆锡合金的生物安全性评价

目的：评价新型医用钛合金Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7．9Sn（TNZS）表面应用阳极氧化（Anodicoxidation，AD）技术进行改性后的生物安全性。方法：按照国标GB16886．5—1997。GB16886．4～1997。GB16886．10—2005、医药行业标准YY—T0279—1995、YY—T0244—1996所规定的方法，分别进行细胞毒性试验、溶血试验、口腔黏膜刺激试验、短期全身毒性试验。结果：细胞毒性试验结果显示TNZS钛合金经阳极氧化处理后无细胞毒性，溶血试验结果溶血率小于5％，有良好的血液相容性，口腔黏膜刺激试验结果显示对黏膜无刺激性，短期全身毒性试验显示无短期全身毒性。结论：新型的钛铌锆锡合金经阳极氧化技术改性后，显示了良好的生物安全性。     

钛铌锆锡合金经微弧氧化后的理化性能的研究

目的:评价钛铌锆锡(TNZS)合金表面经微弧氧化(MAO)后的理化性能.方法:对钛铌锆锡合金试件表面进行微弧氧化处理,观察其表面形貌,分析膜层的相位和元素组成,检测膜层硬度、厚度、膜层以及基体的结合强度、表面能、表面粗糙度.结果:钛铌锆锡合金经微弧氧化处理可在其表面形成粗糙、多孔的氧化膜,氧化膜由Ti、O、Ca、P、Zr、Nb、Sn 7种元素组成,金相结构主要为锐钛矿相的TiO2:和金红石相TiO2,膜层硬度414 HV,厚度26μm,结合力32 N,表面能62.9 mJ/m2,表面粗糙度1.175μm.结论:经微弧氧化处理的钛铌锆锡合金表面性能发生改变,表面形成粗糙、多孔、结合紧密并富含钙磷元素的氧化膜,可能有利于提高合金的生物学性能.     

阳极氧化及模拟体液沉积后的铌金属表面特性研究

目的 评价纯铌(Nb)金属在DL-α磷酸甘油与醋酸钙阳极氧化处理后的表面特性.方法 所有Nb试件在模拟体液(SBF)沉浸30 d.用扫描电镜观察膜层的表面形态,用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析膜层的电子结合能元素分布.结果 Nb试件电镜观察结果,阳极氧化处理的表面呈现多孔重叠的微孔,阳极氧化及300℃高温蒸汽压下2 h热处理,SBF沉积后的表面呈现微细的结晶,其微孔逐渐减少.XPS分析所有Nb试样上观察Nb、Ca、C、O谱及微量的P谱.结论 阳极氧化及热处理可诱导Nb金属表面形成氧化膜层,提高其生物活性.     

钛表面阳极氧化膜的腐蚀行为研究

目的 探讨钛阳极氧化前后腐蚀性能的变化.方法 钛表面阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管,扫描电镜观察氧化膜的微结构,X线衍射分析氧化膜煅烧前后晶型的变化,极化曲线分析钛阳极氧化前后对腐蚀性能的影响.结果 阳极氧化后,钛表面呈现管径80 nm,管长400 nm的纳米管状结构;X线衍射分析表明阳极氧化膜煅烧后变为锐钛矿晶型;电化...     

阳极氧化处理后的新型钛合金表面成骨细胞OPG、RANKL基因表达研究

目的:新型钛合金Ti-24Nb-4Zr-7.9Sn(TNZS)经过阳极氧化(anodic oxidation,AD)技术处理后,分析其表面的人成骨样MG63细胞骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)、细胞核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)基因表达水平.方法:将人成骨样MG63细胞接种于Ti-6Al-4V、TNZS、AD-TNZS表面,采用半定量RT-PCR法检测OPG、RANKL mRNA的表达量.结果:人成骨样MG63细胞在AD-TNZS表面的OPGm RNA表达量有所提高,而RANKL mRNA的表达量3组材料间无明显差异.结论:阳极氧化处理的TNZS钛合金可能通过影响骨保护素、细胞核因子-κB受体活化因子配体调节成骨细胞、破骨细胞的平衡,从而促进种植体植入后的骨重建.     

阳极氧化制备的钛表面不同微观形貌膜层耐腐蚀性研究

目的 探讨阳极氧化制备的钛表面不同微观表面形貌在人工模拟体液中的耐腐蚀性。方法 通过阳极氧化法处理纯钛样品（PT）,制备亚微米多孔（S）、微米多孔（M）、微米-亚微米复合多孔（MS）3种不同微观表面形貌氧化钛膜层的样品。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察样品表面形貌特征,X射线衍射仪分析表面晶型组成,表面粗糙度仪测试表面粗糙度,并对膜层横断面样品行SEM扫描观察膜层横断面结构和测量膜层厚度。采用电化学综合测试系统测试样品在人工模拟体液中的自腐蚀电位（Ecorr）、自腐蚀电流密度（Icorr）和极化电阻（Rp）,获得Tafel曲线。结果 阳极氧化对钛样品表面改性获得了微米多孔、亚微米多孔、微米-亚微米多孔3种不同的微观表面形貌。S样品氧化膜中的阻挡层厚度最大。阳极氧化处理后的样品比未处理的纯钛样品的耐腐蚀性增加;阳极氧化处理样品中,耐腐蚀性能由强到弱依次为S样品、M样品、MS样品,S样品的Ecorr最大,Icorr最小,Rp最大,耐腐蚀性能最优。结论 阳极氧化处理可以提高纯钛在人工模拟体液中的耐腐蚀性,亚微米多孔表面钛样品的耐腐蚀性能最优。     

Oxidation of a gold-palladium PFM alloy

In this study, the influence of oxygen pressure, as well as oxidation time and temperature, on the oxide formation of a gold-palladium-indium-gallium alloy was investigated. After oxidation (vacuum/air, 1-10 min, 940-1020 degrees C) the oxides were removed selectively by means of leaching in 37% hydrochloric acid. Concentrations of the metallic parts of the oxide layers were determined by means of an emission spectrometer. The composition of the oxide layer was computed on the basis of these measurements. Palladium oxide was not found. The formation of In2O3 and Ga2O3 was detected. The oxidation time did not influence the composition of the oxide layer. A higher oxidation temperature gave a slightly greater In2O3 concentration. Oxidation in vacuum resulted in a much higher Ga2O3 content. Under all conditions gallium oxidized preferentially.     

Oxidation of two high-palladium PFM alloys

Formation of an oxide layer at the alloy surface is important as to porcelain/alloy bonding. In this study the influence of oxygen pressure as well as oxidation temmperature and time on the oxide formation of 2 high-palladium PFM alloys was investigated. Tested were OL (Pd, Cu, Ga, In, Sn and Au) and OS (Pd, In, Sn, Cu, Ga and Co). After oxidation (1–10 min, vacuum/air, 940–1020°C) the oxides were removed selectively by means of leaching in 37% HCl. Concentrations of the metallic parts of the oxide layers were determined by means of an emission spectrometer. Oxygen in the oxide layer and the alloy were computed from weight changes during oxidation and leaching. PdO content decreased with increasing oxidation time. Higher oxidation temperatures gave less PdO in case of OL. These phenomena may be explained on the basis of the relatively low decomposition temperature of PdO. The components In and Ga oxidize preferentially. In both cases approximately twice as much as oxide is found in the oxide layer compared to a non-preferential oxidation model. Copper and tin oxide formation is 30–40% less in comparison with the non-preferential situation. In case of OS Co is oxidized preferentially 2.5 times the amount computed for the non-preferentially oxidizing alloy. The Influence of Co on the oxide formation is such that it suppresses the oxide formation of Cu relative to Ga, as well as the formation of SnO₂.     

Oxidation kinetics of NADH by heteropolyanions

A series of selected Dawson-type mixed heteropolyanions readily oxidize NADH in buffered aqueous pH 7 medium. The process was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy, which helps to establish the 2:1 stoichiometry for the oxometalate/NADH couple. The starting system for electrochemistry consists of the one-electron reduction product of the heteropolyanions in the presence of various amounts of NADH. Cyclic voltammetry confirms unequivocally that the oxidized forms of the selected heteropolyanions are capable of catalyzing efficiently the oxidation of NADH. The kinetics were studied quantitatively by double step chronocoulometry. The logarithm of the second order rate constant was a linear function of the E^o of the first redox systems of the heteropolyanions with a slope of 16.4 V^?1. This result indicates that the oxidation of NADH proceeds by a multistep mechanism involving an initial rate-limiting one-electron transfer. An estimate of the E^o value for the one-electron NADH/NADH^·+ redox couple has been obtained.     

钛种植体阳极氧化的研究

如何对钛种植体进行表面改性,提高钛种植体表面物理性能、化学性能和生物性能一直是国内外学者研究的热点。钛表面阳极氧化技术可增加钛表面氧化膜厚度,增加表面粗糙度,增强耐腐蚀性和抗菌性,使钛表面着色。细胞黏附实验显示,经阳极氧化后的钛表面生物活性提高,骨结合能力增强。根据氧化条件的不同,阳极氧化又可以分为一般阳极氧化、微弧氧化、二氧化钛纳米管的形成。本文将对钛表面阳极氧化的研究进展做一综述。     

Oxidation effects on porcelain-titanium interface reactions and bond strength

Titanium is strong, resists corrosion and has a low density and excellent biocompatibility. Conventional ceramic-metal restorations have been extensively used in dentistry because of their esthetic appearance and good mechanical properties. This study investigates oxidation effects on the porcelain-titanium interface reactions and bond strength. Pure titanium was treated in a porcelain furnace at temperatures of 600 to 1000 degrees C under either vacuum or air. X-ray diffraction analysis of the surface of pure titanium revealed that the relative peak intensity of alpha-Ti decreased and that of TiO2 increased, with increasing firing temperature. The Vickers hardness number of titanium increased with temperature especially over 900 degrees C, and was harder in air than in vacuum. The tension-shear bond strength of the porcelain-titanium system was the highest in the green stage and lowest after 900 degrees C treatment. Metallographic microscopy of the porcelain-titanium interface revealed a thick band-like zone in the sample treated over 900 degrees C. The excess thick layer of TiO2 apparently weakened the bond strength of porcelain-titanium. Unlike the conventional ceramic-gold alloy system the recommended degassing procedure was not suitable for porcelain-pure titanium restoration.     

不同温度热氧化处理钛种植体表面分析

本文应用XPS技术对三组不同温度热氧化处理钛种植体的表面进行了分析，三种表面分别为：自然氧化组（即商业纯钛），人工氧化组（400℃，45分钟）和高温氧化组（700℃，45分钟）。发现三组钛试样表面的主要化学元素和组咸均相同，并且随着氧化温度的提高表面氧的相对含量提高，而碳的相对含量变化不大。通过对表面钛、氧、碳三种元素的详细分析可确定它们的化学状态，获得TiO2、TiO、0－2和O2在不同深度的分布状态并得出了规律。还用XPS测得了在不同温度和时间下氧化后钛表面氧化膜的厚度。从总体分析情况推荐人工氧化表面组作为最适宜的种植体表面状态。     

Oxidation of noble metal alloys for porcelain veneer crowns.

It has been found that oxide-forming elements in the alloy are important for the blood strength between the metal and the procelain. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the formation of oxides during pretreatment and firing of porcelain. Four commerically available Ceramo-Metal alloys were studied. The specimens were heated at 980 degrees C for five hours in air, and the weight was continuously recorded. In addition porcelain was fired on to the alloys. Metallographic examinations were conducted on both oxidized and fired speciments. The weight gain data also indicated an increased oxygen uptake with a larger amount of oxidizable elements in the alloy. Most of the oxygen gain and time indicated that the oxygen uptake was diffusion controlled. The weight gain data also indicated an increased oxygen uptake with larger amount of oxidizable elements in the alloy. Most of the oxygen in the oxidize alloys was located as oxide along grain boundaries in the metal.     

微弧氧化技术用于纯钛表面改性的研究

目的 研究微弧氧化技术(microarc oxidation,MAO)用于纯钛种植体表面改性的可行性.方法 20枚TA2纯钛片,其中15枚用MAO进行表面处理作为实验组,另5枚不做表面处理作为对照组.测试纯钛表面微弧氧化膜的理化性能.扫描电镜观察L929细胞在两组纯钛片表面培养24 h后的生长情况.结果 纯钛表面微弧氧化膜的平均厚度为32.7 μm,表面存在大量直径3～20 μm的蜂窝状孔隙,纯钛微弧氧化膜中富含钙、磷成分,并且出现羟基磷灰石结晶.平均膜基结合强度为8.29 Mpa. L929细胞在经MAO处理的纯钛表面的生长情况优于未经MAO处理的纯钛.结论 MAO可改善纯钛的表面性能,提高生物相容性.