点燃效应癫痫动物模型研究状况及评价

癫痫是神经系统常见病和难题之一。通过复制动物模型，探讨癫痫的发生机制，为临床癫痫的治疗提供理论依据。本文着重综述点燃效应癫痫动物模型研究状况。     

癫痫的点燃动物模型

癫痫点燃的动物模型是具有诱导致癫和自发性发作模型两者优点的致癫模型。认识癫痫点燃的动物模型，可使我们认识癫痫的机理，为我们药物和外科治疗癫痫提供帮助。本文简略回顾癫痫点燃的动物模型的历史，就何为点燃、点燃现象、点燃机理、点燃与人类癫痫的关系等进行了综...     

点燃效应的研究和应用进展

点燃效应（kindlingeffect）的发现和研究为人类探索大脑的奥秘打开了一个新的窗口。点燃效应与人类的常见疾病癫痫在症状、脑电图、痫样放电等方面相似,点燃（kindling）模型是目前国际上公认的一种较理想的研究癫痫的动物模型,同时,它也是研究脑神经细胞的兴奋性、可塑性、长时程增强等问题最实用的动物模型。本文旨在点燃效应的机制、点燃动物模型的研究及其应用进展等方面进行综述。     

点燃癫痫动物模型的研究进展

点燃模型为目前应用最广泛的癫痫模型,尤其是其发病机制被认为与人类癫痫的发病机制相似.目前,点燃模型已扩展到许多领域,成为研究神经可塑性的重要工具和研究大脑的切入点,同时也涉及到记忆药物成瘾与戒断精神性疾病等多领域的研究.     

大鼠美解眠全身型点燃效应癫痫模型的建立

目的：确定美解眠是否可以造成全身型点燃效应。方法：通过对大鼠的行为改变和皮质脑电图（ＥＣｏＧ）的观察，来寻找美解眠的亚抽搐剂量即阈下剂量，并用该阈下剂量给大鼠背部皮下反复注射。结果：９ｍｇ／ｋｇ的美解眠经过平均４５．８次的注射后有４２％的大鼠被点燃，１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ经过平均３６．７次的注射后，有６７％被点燃；１１ｍｇ／ｋｇ只需平均２９．２次的注射便可使８３％的大鼠点燃。结论：１０～１１ｍｇ／ｋｇ的美解眠是较佳的阈下剂量和点燃剂量，且点燃效应可长期保留，并有较高的自发率和癫样放电的ＥＣｏＧ改变     

大鼠马桑内酯全身型点燃效应癫痫模型

作者用亚抽搐量的马桑内酯作反复肌肉注射,造成了大鼠点燃效应癫痫模型。这是一种较理想的慢性实验性癫痫模型。     

西比灵对癫痫鼠点燃效应及氨基酸变化影响的实验研究

目的:研究西比灵对癫痫鼠点燃效应及相应氨基酸变化的影响.方法:用大鼠杏仁核快速点燃方法观察西比灵对点燃效应的影响,并采用高效液相色谱法测定应用西比灵后颞叶皮层及海马组织γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(GLu)的含量.结果:西比灵有减弱点燃效应、升高GABA含量及降低GLu含量的作用.结论:西比灵有辅助抗癫痫作用.     

马桑内酯致大鼠点燃效应癫痫间期蓝斑去甲肾上腺素荧光...

Fourteen male Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The experimental rats were injected with subconvulsive dosage of coriaria lactone (1 mg/kg) intramuscularly per 3.5 days. The controls were injected with normal saline. After 26 injections, the loci coeruleus of kindling rats were studied with the noradrenaline (NA) fluorescence histochemical technique at the time between seizures. The NA fluorescence could be clearly visualized under fluorescent microscope. The intensity of fluorescence was reflected by autoexposure-meter of the fluorescent microscope. The brighter the fluorescence, the shorter the autoexposure time. The intensity of NA fluorescence in the locus coeruleus of experimental animals was weaker than that of the controls. Since NA plays an inhibitory role in cerebral cortex, the decrease of NA, either induced by repeated injections of coriaria lactone or due to the time of sample taken after seizure, needs further study.     

癫痫动物模型的研究进展

癫痫是一种常见的神经疾病,但我们对于其病因知之甚少,因此很难找到有效的治疗方法。在过去的30年里,癫痫动物模型在研究癫痫发生机制和确定潜在治疗药物等方面都起着至关重要的作用。但迄今为止,还没有任何一个理想的单一模型被证实可用于识别潜在的药物和充分解释癫痫的发生原因。本综述对目前制备癫痫动物模型的方法及优化方案进行总结,为癫痫模型的选择提供参考,并提供了未来一些癫痫模型制备方向的见解。     

SC1001钠盐对马桑内酯所致家兔海马点燃性癫痫发作的影响

Healthy rabbits weighing 1.7-2.4 kg were used. According to Sawyer's atlas the stainless steel cannula and recording electrode were implanted into the left hippocampus of each animal. The kindling experiments were started one week after the surgical operation. For kindling, all animals received injection of 2 microliters of diluted solution containing 0.55 or 0.32 microgram of coriaria lactone (CL) every second day, through the single stainless steel cannula previously implanted in the hippocampus. Hippocampal EEG of all the animals was recorded by telemetric method and the behavior of them was observed at the same time. Eighteen fully kindled rabbits were separated into three groups. The SC1001 Na group of six rabbits was treated with SC1001 Na (100 mg/kg, i.m.), the PB Na group (six rabbits) received phenobarbital Na (30 mg/kg, i.m.), and the control group of six was treated with placebo (normal saline, i.m., in the same volume as that of the SC1001 Na injection); injections were administered once a day for two courses of treatment (one course of treatment was 1 week). The results of the experiment indicated that SC1001 Na (100 mg/kg) had certain effects on hippocampal kindled seizures induced by CL, but its curative effects were not more notable than those of PB Na (30 mg/kg).     

癫痫动物模型的研究进展

癫痫症（ｅｐｉｌｅｐｓｉａ）是最常见的神经系统疾病之一,其最显著的临床特征是长期反复出现癫痫发作（ｅｐｉｌｅｐｔｉｃｓｅｉｚｕｒｅｓ）,并伴随不同的临床和脑电图（ＥＥＧ）的表现。据ＷＨＯ１９９０年公布的流行病学调查结果显示：世界上患癫痫症的病人达５千万,平均每年发病率为０－５‰～１‰［１］。迄今人类对癫痫发病机制的研究仍主要依靠动物实验。癫痫的实验性研究始于１８８３年Ｏｐｅｎｃｈｏｗｓｋｉ首次采用冷冻大脑组织造成脑内致痫灶。目前,癫痫动物模型的建立方法较多,癫痫动物的种类各异,判断一癫痫动物模型…     

癫痫大发作的一种动物模型

癫痫大发作的一种动物模型生理教研室徐淑梅，郝洪谦，郑开俊，孙兵，张际国癫痫是一种常见病。其发病机制复杂，种类繁多。根据“抗癫痫国际联盟（ＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＬｅａｇｕｅＡｇａｉｎｓｔＥｐｉｌｅｐｓｙ）”１９６９年提出的分类方法就有三大类，近２０...     

美解眠致大鼠点燃性癫痫有效剂量探讨

目的　探讨美解眠致大鼠化学点燃性癫痫有效剂量 ,建立化学点燃模型。方法　雄性Wistar大鼠 ,分 7个实验组和对照组 ,依照寇氏法安排美解眠剂量 ,腹腔注射后观察行为发作并判定级别 ,同时记录脑电图。记录首次抽搐发作平均时间 (SB) ,第一次达到V级发作平均时间 (RFSvS) ,达点燃标准平均时间(RKC)。结果　美解眠致癫痫ED97为 18 74mg/kg ,SB为 2 13± 10 0秒 ,RKC 2 88± 10 9秒 ,点燃率为 86 7%。结论　本实验推荐美解眠 18 7mg/kg为大鼠化学点燃腹腔注射致痫剂量。     

海人酸杏仁核点燃大鼠癫痫模型的建立和评价

目的：建立和评价海人酸杏仁核微量注射点燃癫痫动物模型。方法：选用雄性Wistar大鼠,以杏仁核外侧基底核为给药靶点,在立体定位仪下,微量注射海人酸1 μg后进行大鼠的行为学和电生理学观察,并分别于第6、12、72 h和7、14、21 d对大鼠脑组织进行病理学观察。结果：海人酸微量注射后实验大鼠出现典型的癫痫发作过程,顶叶皮层脑电图依次出现多种形式的痫性放电,HE染色显示海马和颞叶皮层神经细胞的相应病理变化,点燃成功率为90%。结论：采用杏仁核海人酸微量注射方法成功建立了Wistar大鼠点燃癫痫模型,该模型适用于颞叶癫痫的相关研究。     

马桑内酯点燃癫痫动物模型海马区星形胶质细胞的形态学观察

本实验采用马桑内酯肌注造成化学点燃效应癫痫动物模型，并于点燃后连续用药４０次，模拟人类长期反复全身强直－阵挛发作，然后进行海马区脑组织的光镜、电镜和免疫组化观察分析。结果表明，长期反复抽搐动物的海马区星形胶质细胞发生明显的变性坏死。提示马桑内酯对星形胶质细胞有损伤性作用，这种损伤可能在诱导痫性发作中起一定作用。     

难治性癫痫动物模型研究的新进展

难治性癫痫是最棘手的临床问题之一,其病因至今未明。由于人体脑组织难以获取等限制,难治性癫痫发生机制的研究需依赖动物模型。本文对不同难治性癫痫动物模型的制作方法、表现和机制等方面作综述。     

大鼠腹腔点燃性癫痫模型的建立

Fifty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups. Intraperitoneal injections of various doses of coriaria lactone (CL, 0.75, 1.25, 1.75, and 2.0 mg/kg) and normal saline were given respectively per 2 days. The behavior of the rats was observed and the ECoG was recorded by telemetric method. The results of experiments show that a kindling model of epilepsy can be established by intraperitoneal injection of CL in rats. This chronic experimental model is of value for application because it is easily established and the rate of being kindled is relatively high, but the mortality is low, and the kindling effect can last well. The model can avert the pathological change caused by artificial injury to brain, so it is advantageous to the research on neurochemistry and ultrastructure. In our experimental condition, it is optimal to select 1.25 mg/kg or 1.75 mg/kg as the dosage of CL for establishing kindling model.     

马桑内酯致大鼠点燃效应癫痫间期蓝斑去甲肾上腺素荧光组织化学的研究

用去甲肾上腺素(NA)荧光组化法研究马桑内酯致大鼠点燃效应癫痫发作间期的蓝斑,荧光强度通过显微摄影的自动曝光系统进行相对定量。结果显示:点燃效应癫痫发作间期蓝斑NA比对照组减少,作者认为NA的抑制作用减弱是导致癫痫的原因之一。