自身混合淋巴细胞反应与自身免疫病

自身混合淋巴细胞反应(Autologousmixed lymphocyte reaction,AMLR)是近年来建立的测定细胞免疫反应的一种方法。由于参与反应的各个成分均采自同一个体,且是体外免疫反应,因为在AMLR过程中可产生记忆性与特异性,故测定结果基本上可反映该个体内发生的免疫反应。真实性高于目前所用的细胞免疫试验;又测定结果以反应细胞摄取~3H-TdR多少来表示,因而有较高的灵敏性。Wekaler等认为AMLR还与识别正常免疫应答中发生的自身MHC决定簇有关。最近,     

自身混合淋巴细胞反应和自身免疫病

<正> 同种异体的淋巴细胞在体外共同培养时,由于HLA不同而发生增殖反应。以后,Opelz等1975年发现自身的T细胞和非T细胞共同培养时,也有淋巴细胞增殖现象,称为自身混合淋巴细胞反应(AMLR)。近年来许多学者发现AMLR具有调节免疫功能,是维持自身稳定的一个重要方面。另外也注意到AMLR在多种自身免疫病中出现异常。     

乙型肝炎患者自身混合淋巴细胞反应的探讨

本文建立了细胞自身免疫识别和相互作用的体外模型－自身混合淋巴细胞反应（ＡＭＬＲ）的实验方法，并对１０２例ＨＢＶ感染者非Ｔ－Ｔ细胞间ＡＭＬＲ进行了研究。结果表明，不同临床类型的乙肝患者ＡＭＬＲ均有不同程度的缺陷，且ＡＭＬＲ缺陷与血清ＨＢＶ复制也存在相关性。ＡＭＬＲ缺陷与刺激细胞相关与反应性Ｔ细胞无关；在刺激细胞对ＡＭＬＲ的诱导中，ＤＲ抗原起主要作用，ＤＱ抗原也有一定的作用；乙型肝炎患者刺激细胞表面Ｄ     

人类自身淋巴细胞混合反应的某些影响因素

本文结果表明,AMLR的增殖活性在一定程度上与非T细胞的数量有密切关系。其增殖活性多于培养7天时出现,且个体差异较大。培养中加入自身血浆或AB型混合血清可诱导出AMLR,异种血清(FCS)对AMLR有较大刺激作用。外周血中DR+非T细胞的数量与AMLR的增殖活性的高低无关。AMLR培养中加入含IL-2的上清可显著增强其增殖活性,而将培养2天的AMLR上清弃去则可导致AMLR增殖活性的减弱。     

自身混合淋巴细胞反应在人体免疫调节中的作用

自身混合淋巴细胞反应(Autologousmixed lymphocyte reaction,AMLR)是人T 细胞识别自身非T 细胞上的HLA-DR分子而发生的T 细胞增殖反应。Opelz 等(1975)首先发现人类外周血T 细胞在自身非T 细胞的刺激下出现增殖反应。出此表明:在不存在异己抗原的情况下,机体的免疫细胞通过识别自身成份也能诱导活化T细胞。因此,AMLR 作为一种自身识别而引起了免疫学家的广泛注意。已经证实在人、小鼠、大鼠和豚鼠等动物体内均存在AMLR 。由AMLR 或外源性抗原激活引     

自身混合淋巴细胞反应并非主要由于异种抗原刺激所致

自身混合淋巴细胞反应(AMLR)是T细胞与自身的非T细胞体外培养而发生的增殖反应。这一现象是反映了体内免疫学网络的复杂相互作用,抑或反映了分离培养过程中绵羊红细胞(SRBC)、小牛血清(FCS)等异种抗原引起的假象?作者就这一问题进行了实验。选用8名正常受试者的外周血单核细胞,经SRBC花结法或非SRBC法分离细胞,去除粘附细胞,用丝裂霉素C处     

慢性肺原性心脏病52例临床分析

目的观察慢性肺原性心脏病的流行病学和临床特点,探讨其治疗措施。方法回顾性分析52例慢性肺原性心脏病发病规律、原发病及治疗措施。结果慢性肺原性心脏病多以慢性阻塞性肺病为原发病,并发症以心力衰竭多见,临床以综合治疗为主。结论慢性肺原性心脏病发病率和病死率均较高,对该病的预防和治疗还需要进行深入的研究。     

慢性肺原性心脏病52例临床分析

目的 观察慢性肺原性心脏病的流行病学和临床特点,探讨其治疗措施.方法 回顾性分析52例慢性肺原性心脏病发病规律、原发病及治疗措施.结果 慢性肺原性心脏病多以慢性阻塞性肺病为原发病,并发症以心力衰竭多见,临床以综合治疗为主.结论 慢性肺原性心脏病发病率和病死率均较高,对该病的预防和治疗还需要进行深入的研究.     

小循环心功能无创检测法评价肺心病左心功能的临床观察

本文对２８例肺心病患者进行小循环心功能检查,同时做多普勒超声心动图,核素心血池扫描等检查,并做对比分析。结果表明,肺心病患者左室最大充盈（ＬＰＦＲ）明显低于正常。二尖瓣瓣口舒张期血流频谱示Ｅ峰减低,Ａ峰增高,Ｅ／Ａ＜１。以上二项检查表明,肺心病患者存在左室舒张功能异常。小循环心功能示,肺心病患者ｈＣ／ｈＺ＞６５％异常者占７８％,Ｑｊ／ｊｚ＞５０％异常者占８９％,提示左心前负荷增加,小循环心功能与核素心血池扫描,多普乐超声心动图检测结果基本相符,说明该技术测定心功能是可行的。肺心病造成左室舒张功能异常可能与缺氧、酸中毒引起的心肌病理改变有关,因而影响左心室顺应性。肺心病患者右心室增大,室间隔向左凸起,改变左心室构形,影响左心室充盈,也加重了左心室舒张功能障碍。     

REACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS IN HUMAN MIXED LYMPHOCYTE CULTURE

Loss of antigenicity in the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reaction of lymphocytes precultured at 22°C for 7–10 days was accompanied by a decrease in bone-marrow-derived lymphocytes (B cells) from 22 ± 1% to 13 ± 1%, and an increase in thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) from 65 ± 2% to 83 ± 1% (P < 0.001). Depletion of B cells from a fresh lymphocyte suspension by either antihuman immunoglobulin-coated column fractionation or by sheep red blood cell (SRBC) rosette formation resulted in a significant reduction of the cell's ability to stimulate in MLC (P < 0.001). Coating of lymphocytes with rabbit antihuman brain serum abrogated their ability to respond but not the ability to stimulate in MLC.     

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE MIXED LYMPHOCYTE REACTION IN H-1 SEROLOGICALLY IDENTICAL INBRED RATS

H-1^d and H-1¹ serologically identical combinations of inbred rat strains were studied, in which there was a strong mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The H-1^d identical combination was formed with the Maudsley reactive (MR) and BD IX strains, in which there was bidirectional stimulation. The LAD differences in the combination BD IX and MR were shown in experiments using back-crosses derived from two different sources, BD IX x LEW and MR x LEW. The H-1¹ identical combination was the F344 (Fisher) and LEW (Lewis) strains; here the MLR was unidirectional—LEW stimulating F344. Two other H-1¹ serologically identical strains, AS and HCS, also stimulated F344 lymphocytes. Genetic segregation analyses using back-crosses showed linkage with H-1 in both instances. The LADs of AS, HCS and LEW appeared to be the same. These experiments show that the rat LADs so far detectable using these strains are all encoded by genes linked to the major histocompatibility system of the rat, despite serological identity. In addition to disassociation of the major histocompatibility system antigens detected by serological means and those defined by MLC testing, there was also disassociation of transplantation antigens as shown in the BD IX x MR model.     

慢性乙型肝炎病人单个核细胞γ干扰素的诱生和T淋巴细胞亚群的研究

本文对28例慢乙肝病人的外周血单个核细胞进行ConA诱生γ干扰素的测定,同时用T细胞单克隆抗体系统检测其T细胞亚群。结果发现,慢乙肝病人ConA诱生的γ干扰素效价为7.858±1.483log2U/ml,而正常对照组为7.839±0.621log2U/ml,两组间无显著性差异,但在慢乙肝病人组内个体间IFN-γ的效价差别显著大于对照组(P<0.05).慢乙肝病人组T细胞亚群的T_4/T_3比例与对照组无显著差异。但IFN-γ反应低下组的5人均有T_4/T_3比例异常。在28例病人中有14例T_4/T_3比例异常(高于或低于正常),且20例HBeAg阳性病人中有12例T_4/T_3比例异常;8例HBeAg阴性病人中仅2例T_4/T_3比例异常。     

慢性肾炎视觉电生理的临床分析

目的：探讨慢怀肾炎患的视觉电生理改变。方法：对３９例７８眼慢性肾炎患的视诱发电位、视网膜电网的改变进行观察。结果：慢必肾炎患视觉电生理有异常改变，慢性肾炎无眼底改变出现ＶＥＰＮ７５的峰时值，ＥＲＧｂ波的峰时值的显改变。结论：视觉电生理检查作为一客观定量的视觉功能检查地肾性视网膜病变具有早期诊断的价值。     

抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白（ATG）对再生障碍性贫血患者淋巴细胞亚群的影响

利用ＡＰＡＡＰ桥联免疫酶标技术，对３６例接受ＡＴＧ治疗的再生障碍性贫血（ＡＡ）患者进行了淋巴细胞亚群检测。结果发现ＡＡ患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群ＣＤ３~＋、ＣＤ４~＋细胞治疗前后无明显变化，但ＣＤ４~＋／ＣＤ８~＋比值、ＣＤ８~＋细胞数目治疗前后却有显著性差异。ＡＡ患者外周血ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ~＋细胞较正常明显增高，但ＡＴＧ治疗后却有所下降。本研究的结果表明：ＣＤ８~＋、ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ~＋细胞增高及ＣＤ４~＋／ＣＤ８~＋比值降低在ＡＡ患者的发病机制中起着重要作用。     

EXPRESSION OF ENDOTHELIN-1 IN PANCREATIC TISSUE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate, progressive destruction of acinar cells, and fibrosis. The finding that endothelin-1, an endothelium-derived peptide with vasoconstrictive and mitogenic properties, reduces pancreatic blood flow in normal rats suggested that the peptide may be associated with the reduced pancreatic flow seen in animal models of chronic pancreatitis and in the morphological abnormalities of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate sites of endothelin-1 expression in the pancreas of normal subjects and patients with chronic pancreatitis. The techniques of immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and Northern blotting were used. Endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity was localized predominantly to islet cells both in normal subjects and in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Semi-quantitative analyses of immunostaining showed that endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in islet cells of patients with chronic pancreatitis was greater than in normal subjects. Co-localization studies with glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide showed that endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity co-exists with glucagon and insulin. There was no apparent co-existence of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity with somatostatin or pancreatic polypeptide. Endothelin-1 mRNA was expressed in sites similar to those of the immunostaining, as well as in vascular endothelial cells. Northern blot analysis showed an increase in the expression of endothelin-1 mRNA in the patient population. There was a significant correlation between intensity of endothelin-1 immunostaining and severity of fibrosis in the patients with chronic pancreatitis. These findings suggest that an elevation in local expression of endothelin-1 may be associated with the morphological and haemodynamic changes of chronic pancreatitis.     

老年慢性肺心病的甲状腺功能变化

本文用放免法测定了34例老年慢性肺心病患者的甲状腺激素水平,以探讨老年慢性肺心病人的甲状腺功能状态。结果发现,老年慢性肺心病组血清的TT_3、TT_4均值明显低于健康对照组(p<0.01),而TSH均值二者比较无明显差异。急性发作期组TT_3、TT_4明显下降,尤以TT_3明显,分别为1.04±0.37(nmol/L)和95.83±36.58(nmol/L),缓解期组T_3、T4_均有回升,分别为1.58±0.61(nmol/L)和105±26.66(nmol/L),说明肺心病T_3、T_4下降与肺心病的严重程度有关。急性发作期组TSH与缓解期组及健康人组比较则无明显差异,说明老年肺心病患者的甲状腺功能有一定程度减退。而TSH测定正常,能排除原发性甲状腺功能减退所致的T_3、T_4改变,符合低T_3综合征,提示下丘脑的保护性适应。动态观察血清T_3、T_4的变化,对于判断治疗和预后有一定的价值。