颞下颌关节紊乱病不同亚型女性患者精神心理状况调查

目的 通过对162例女性颞下颌关节紊乱病患者症状自评量表(SCL-90)各因子的分析,探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病各亚型患者精神心理状况之间的差异.方法 对162例就诊于北京大学口腔医院颞下颌关节病及口面痛诊治中心的女性颞下颌关节紊乱病患者及48名健康女性志愿者,均进行颞下颌关节检查、填写SCL-90症状自评量表,临床诊断按照1998年马绪臣-张震康临床分类方法进行分类;使用多元方差分析和典型相关分析进行统计学分析.结果 ①162例患者中102例(63%)无骨质改变,60例(37%)为骨质改变;骨质改变组患者的SCL-90各因子得分与正常对照组之间的差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05),而无骨质改变组患者在抑郁、焦虑、敌意、恐怖和精神病性因子方面明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05);②诊断具有咀嚼肌功能紊乱者占16.7%,具有结构紊乱者占67.9%,具有关节炎性疾病者占56.8%,具有骨关节病者占37%;③偏执因子得分在各亚型之间的差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0.01);其他各因子得分在各亚型之间差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);④颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的精神心理障碍程度与颞下颌关节影像学改变的程度及诊断分类无相关关系.结论 单纯咀嚼肌疼痛功能紊乱类女性患者的偏执性思维与其他亚型之间有明显差异,此外,在颞下颌关节病其他亚型中亦确实存在有精神心理障碍的患者,但仅根据躯体检查诊断则难以发现.     

伴TMD的成人正畸患者心理健康状况调查与分析

目的:探讨伴颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)的成人正畸患者的心理健康状况。方法:应用90项症状清单(Self-reportingInventory,SCL-90)对42例伴TMD的成人正畸患者(实验组),50例无正畸需求的伴TMD的成人错人群(对照组)进行测试,结果进行t检验。结果:2组测试在强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、人际关系敏感因素上得分高于全国成人常模(P<0.05)。实验组在强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、人际关系敏感因素上得分与对照组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:伴颞下颌关节紊乱病的成人正畸患者存在一定程度的心理问题。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的症状自评量表调查

目的通过对颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）患者的症状自评量表（SCL-90）各因子进行分析，了解其精神心理状态。方法338例就诊于北京大学口腔医学院颞下颌关节病及口颌面痛诊治中心的TMD患者填写SCL-90，采用t检验和单组设计定量资料的多元方差分析，将患者和普通人群的SCL-90各因子得分进行比较。结果①TMD患者SCL-90中的躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌意、恐怖、精神病性因子得分高于普通人群，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；②伴有精神心理障碍的TMD患者比例为23％；③对338份患者SCL-90进行可靠性分析，得出可靠系数为0．958。结论我国TMD患者的精神心理障碍问题不容忽视。SCL-90作为判断TMD患者是否伴有某些精神心理障碍的量表，在我国同样具有较好的适用性。     

大学生颞下颌关节紊乱病与心理因素相关性的研究

目的:探讨大学生中颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)与心理因素的关系.方法:以在校大学生为目标人群,选取400例作为研究对象,进行初步筛查,再从中选出TMD患者和正常人各30例进行对照研究,对所得数据进行统计学分析.结果:大学生TMD患病率56.68%(212/374).病例组和对照组90项症状自评量表(SCL-90)的总均分...     

成人正畸治疗与颞下颌关节紊乱病的MRI研究

目的 探讨成人正畸治疗与颞下颌关节紊乱病(temporomandibular disorder TMD)的关系,为预防和治疗TMD提供参考.方法 选择60例20 ～ 29岁成年正畸患者,用Helkimo指数将患者分为TMJ无症状组(44例)、TMJ有症状组(16例),分别于治疗前(t1)、治疗中(t2)、治疗后(t3),用MRI检查TMJ关节盘的位置,并用电子测量尺测量TMJ前、后间隙,观察颞下颌关节在治疗前后的变化情况与TMD间的关系.结果 治疗中TMJ无症状组、TMJ有症状组分别有8、9例患者发生TMD,两组TMD发生比例差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗前后两组均发现关节盘移位;两组治疗前后TMJ各间隙线距发生改变,但两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 成人正畸治疗不会导致TMD,但治疗过程中可诱发TMD症状,并有出现TMD重度症状的风险.在成人正畸治疗前对TMJ进行评估有重要意义.     

颞下颌关节紊乱病关节盘前后界限改变的核磁共振定位研究

目的:通过对关节盘前后界限的测定,确定颞下颌关节紊乱病患者关节盘移位改变的情况,探讨其临床意义.材料与方法:16例经临床确诊为颞下颌关节紊乱病患者行颞下颌关节(TMJ)的核磁共振(MRI)检查与13例正常人的MRI影像进行对比分析.结果:T1图像矢状位时,在TMD组,关节盘前缘位于关节结节最低点垂直线前约0.43mm,而正常组则位于其前约0.13mm,两组间差异无统计学意义,闭口位时在TMD组关节盘后缘与双板区交界处约位于关节四中心垂直线81°处,而正常组则位于其93.31°处,两组间有统计学差异.结论:TMD组在闭口位时,关节盘均可有明显的前移,但前缘前移变化不大,这与关节盘形态改变状况一样均为颞下颌关节紊乱病的重要指征.     

Wilson曲线与颞下颌关节紊乱病的相关性研究进展

颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)的病因目前尚未完全阐明,病因主要来自牙合因素、社会心理因素、解剖因素、免疫因素以及关节负荷过重等多个方面。牙合因素作为颞下颌关节紊乱病中的影响因素,在颞下颌关节紊乱病的发生及发展过程中起到了推动性的作用。牙合曲线作为牙合因素中代表因素的一种,在TMD的发病机理中占有重要的地位。牙合、颞下颌关节与咀嚼肌共同构成口颌咀嚼系统的核心,三者相互联系,互相影响。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病与错(牙合)畸形特征的关系

颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibular disorders,TMD）是累及颞下颌关节区和（或）咀嚼肌及相关结构的一组疾病,临床表现为关节区和（或）咀嚼肌的疼痛、开闭口运动时关节弹响及张口受限。干扰被认为是TMD主要致病因素之一,错(牙合)畸形的许多特征也被认为与TMD相关。文章回顾以往国内外相关领域研究,对TMD与错(牙合)畸形特征的关系做一阐述。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病的心理因素的研究

目的：探讨心理因素在颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)发病机制中的作用。方法：采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和明尼苏达多项人格量表(MMPI)对颞下颌关节紊乱病患组和正常对照组各30例进行调查。结果：TMD患组与对照组相比，具有较高的焦虑和抑郁得分；MMPI测试结果显示，在MMPI十项临床量表中，患组在其中的疑病(HS)、抑郁(D)、癔病(HY)、精神病态(PD)、精神衰弱(PT)、精神分裂(SC)、社会内-外向(SI)七项中得分均高于对照组。另外，患组有26例临床量表中的一项或多项得分高于常模分数，说明TMD患的人格有偏离现象。结论：颞下颌关节紊乱病患的情绪障碍以及人格特征在其发病机制中具有重要作用。     

偏侧咀嚼对大鼠颞下颌关节及咀嚼肌影响的研究

目的　研究偏侧咀嚼对大鼠颞下颌关节及咀嚼肌的影响。方法　 80只大白鼠随机分为 4组 ,实验组拔除右上颌磨牙 ,对照组未做处理 ,饲养条件相同。实验 1组拔牙后 4周末、实验 2组拔牙后 8周末处死动物 ,取其双侧颞肌、咀嚼肌及颞下颌关节进行病理切片检查 ,结果与对照组对照。结果　实验 1、2组双侧颞下颌关节、颞肌及咀嚼肌均出现受损的病理变化。髁状突及关节盘均有破坏 ,咀嚼肌有炎性变化。结论　偏侧咀嚼是颞下颌关节紊乱病的病因之一。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病不同症状患者心理因素调查

目的研究颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）不同症状患者心理社会因素,尤其是焦虑的差别,为心理治疗对策提供试验依据。 方法206例就诊于天津医科大学口腔医院的TMD患者和201名无症状志愿者,填写症状自评量表（SCL-90）和状态-特质焦虑问卷（STAI）,根据患者主诉分组。采用SPSS 17.0统计软件,采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析对所有数据进行统计学分析。 结果（1）TMD患者SCL-90量表中的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性因子得分及总分高于无症状志愿者,差异有统计学意义（t_躯体化 = 3.79,P_躯体化 = 0.000;t_抑郁 = 2.14,P_抑郁 = 0.033;t_焦虑 = 2.91,P_焦虑 = 0.004;t_敌对 = 3.93,P_敌对 = 0.000;t_精神病性 = 2.48,P_精神病性 = 0.013;t_总分 = 2.80,P_总分 = 0.005）;女性TMD患者的状态焦虑及特质焦虑得分均高于女性无症状志愿者（t_状态焦虑 = 3.52,P_状态焦虑 = 0.001;t_特质焦虑 = 4.26,P_特质焦虑 = 0.000）,两组男性之间差异无统计学意义（t_状态焦虑 = 0.36,P_状态焦虑 = 0.718;t_特质焦虑 = 0.76,P_特质焦虑 = 0.453）;（2）不同症状TMD患者在躯体化和状态焦虑方面差异有统计学意义（F_躯体化 = 2.714,P_躯体化 = 0.046;F_特质焦虑 = 3.007,P_特质焦虑 = 0.031）,具有单纯疼痛症状者躯体化得分高于单纯弹响患者（P = 0.005）,单纯弹响及疼痛伴弹响患者的特质焦虑得分高于疼痛伴开口受限者（P = 0.016）。 结论TMD患者心理健康水平比无症状人群低,主要表现在躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对和精神病性方面。女性TMD患者有明显焦虑特征。单纯疼痛TMD患者躯体化比单纯弹响者更为明显。     

Prevalence and impact of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in patients with masticatory muscle or temporomandibular joint pain: differences and similarities

AIMS: To evaluate temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients for differences between masticatory muscle (MM) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain patients in the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and evaluate the level of psychological dysfunction and its relationship to PTSD symptoms in these patients. METHODS: This study included 445 patients. Psychological questionnaires included the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), the Multidimensional Pain Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the PTSD Check List Civilian. The total sample of patients was divided into 2 major groups: the MM group (n = 242) and the TMJ group (n = 203). Each group was divided into 3 subgroups based on the presence of a stressor and severity of PTSD symptoms. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients (14.9%) in the MM group and 20 patients (9.9%) in the TMJ group presented with PTSD symptomatology (P = .112). Significant differences were found between the MM and the TMJ group in several psychometric domains, but when the presence of PTSD symptomatology was considered, significant differences were mostly maintained in the subgroups without PTSD. MM and TMJ pain patients in the "positive PTSD" subgroups scored higher on all SCL-90-R scales (P < .001) than patients in the other 2 subgroups and reached levels of distress indicative of psychological dysfunction. TMJ pain patients (58.3%; P = .008) in the positive-PTSD subgroups were more often classified as dysfunctional. Both positive-PTSD subgrounps of the MM and TMJ groups presented with more sleep disturbance (P < .005) than patients in the other 2 subgroups. CONCLUSION: A somewhat elevated prevalence rate for PTSD symptomatology was found in the MM group compared to the TMJ group. Significant levels of psychological dysfunction appeared to be linked to TMD patients with PTSD symptoms.     

Psychosocial profiles of painful TMD patients

Summary  The aim of the present investigation is to test the null hypothesis that the presence of psychopathology in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is related to the presence of pain, independent of its location [(i.e. myofascial and/or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain]. Ninety-six ( n  = 96) patients affected by painful TMD underwent a clinical assessment in accordance with the research diagnostic criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) guidelines and filled out the Symptoms Check List – Revised (SCL-90-R) instrument to investigate the presence of symptoms of psychopathology. Patients with myofascial pain, alone or combined with TMJ pain, endorsed the highest scores in all SCL-90-R scales and showed the highest percentage of abnormal values in the depression (DEP) and somatization (SOM) scales for the assessment of depressive and somatization symptoms. Nonetheless, anova revealed no significant differences between groups in any of the SCL-90-R scales, except than in the Positive Symptom Total Index ( F  = 3·463; P  = 0·035), and the chi-squared test did not detect any significant differences between groups for the prevalence of abnormal scores in the DEP and SOM scales. The existence of a close association between pain and psychosocial disorders in TMD patients was supported by the present study. The null hypothesis is that no differences exist between patients with different painful TMD cannot be fully accepted for the presence of psychosocial disorders because of the trend evidencing higher SCL-90-R scores for myofascial pain patients, alone or combined with TMJ pain, with respect to TMJ pain alone.     

颞下颌关节紊乱病患者与健康人群颌面部机械疼痛敏感性的比较

目的 利用定量触诊仪对受试者双侧咬肌区及关节区进行触诊,比较和分析疼痛性颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）患者与健康人群口颌面部机械疼痛敏感性的差异。 方法 选取患有单侧咬肌区或关节区疼痛的TMD患者各40例作为试验患者组,40例健康人作为对照组。利用定量触诊仪在受试者双侧咬肌区或关节区进行触诊,通过口述疼痛模拟评分法（NRS）获得受试者不同检测位点的机械疼痛感觉,绘制机械疼痛敏感性地图,并计算熵值和重心坐标。利用两因素方差分析法分析性别和检查侧（患者组：健患侧;对照组：左右侧）对各组熵值和重心坐标的影响;利用三因素方差分析法分析性别、检查侧和检测位点对各组NRS评分的影响。 结果 TMD患者咬肌区及关节区健患侧熵值均有统计学差异（咬肌：P＜0.001,关节：P=0.006）,且患侧NRS指数显著高于健侧（咬肌：P＜0.001,关节：P＜0.001）;但对照组咬肌区及关节区双侧熵值及NRS指数无明显统计学差异（P≥0.071）。 结论 机械疼痛敏感性地图技术在提供标准化触诊的基础上可以作为区分疼痛性TMD患者及正常人的有效辅助工具,并为该技术应用于TMD患者治疗效果评估的可行性提供了依据。     

Temporomandibular disorders in adults with repaired cleft lip and palate: a comparison with controls

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), and assess psycho-social distress in adult subjects with repaired complete cleft lip and palate (CLP). Sixty-three adults (42 males and 21 females, mean age 24.2 years, range 19.5-29.2) with repaired CLP (CLP group) were compared with a group of 66 adults without cleft (non-cleft group, 49 males and 17 females, mean age 25.5 years, range 20.2-29.9). All subjects underwent a clinical TMD examination, which followed the guidelines in the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). Jaw function was assessed by evaluating answers to the mandibular function impairment questionnaire (MFIQ). Tension-type headache was diagnosed according to the International Headache Society (IHS) classification. Psychological status was assessed using the depression score and the non-specific physical symptom score with subscales of the Revised Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90-R). The prevalence of reported pain in the face, jaws and/or TMJs was 14 and 9 per cent for the CLP and non-cleft group, respectively, and did not differ significantly between the groups. The CLP group exhibited a significantly reduced jaw-opening pattern (P < 0.001) and a higher frequency of crossbites (P < 0.05) compared with the non-cleft group. Whilst jaw function was similar in both groups, a few items, e.g. speech and drinking, were significantly more impaired (P < 0.01) in the CLP group than in the non-cleft group. There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning tension-type headache or psycho-social distress. The study found that overall TMD pain or psycho-social distress was not more common in this CLP group than in a non-cleft group.     

DC/TMD推荐心理量表在颞下颌关节紊乱病诊疗中的应用

目的: 采用新版DC/TMD推荐的心理量表,评估颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibular disorders, TMD）患者焦虑、抑郁及躯体症状等心理状况,探讨新版量表作为TMD心理轴诊断依据的临床意义。方法: 选择100例TMD初诊患者作为实验组,100例无TMD症状的普通门诊患者作为对照组。收集2组患者的一般信息,包括年龄、性别、受教育程度、个人收入等。采用广泛性焦虑症量表（GAD-7）、抑郁症状量表（PHQ-9）和健康问卷量表15（PHQ-15）对患者心理因素进行评估。采用SPSS 20.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: <30岁组和30~50岁组TMD发病率显著高于50岁以上年龄组（P<0.05）。实验组高学历者比例显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,而收入水平不是罹患TMD的危险因素（P=0.642）。实验组焦虑发生率与平均得分显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,而两组间抑郁和躯体症状得分无统计学差异（P>0.05）。疼痛性TMD患者的焦虑和抑郁程度显著高于关节疾病患者（P<0.05）,而两组间躯体症状无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论: 性别（女）、年龄（<50岁）和高学历（本科及以上）是罹患TMD的高危因素,而与收入水平无关。TMD患者的焦虑发生率和评分均高于普通口腔门诊患者,但抑郁和躯体症状与普通患者的发生率无显著差异。     

109例颞下颌关节紊乱病相关因素分析

目的:探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病的相关危险因素,为临床预防提供帮助.方法:将2016年1月-2016年6月就诊于深圳市第二人民医院口腔科,并被诊断为颞下颌关节紊乱病者109例纳入病例组,随机抽取109名正常人作为对照组,进行问卷调查.使用SPSS 22.0软件包中的逻辑回归分析模型对调查结果进行统计学分析.结果:病例组中女性患者占76.1％,20～29岁年龄组患者最多,占44％.病例组中有夜磨牙或紧咬牙习惯、偏侧咀嚼习惯、颌面部外伤史的人数比例显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);经常熬夜、工作生活压力大、咀嚼硬物、有正畸治疗史的人数比例在病例组与对照组间无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:年轻女性为颞下颌关节紊乱病的高发人群;夜磨牙或紧咬牙习惯、偏侧咀嚼习惯、颌面部外伤史可能是颞下颌关节紊乱病的重要危险因素;未见经常熬夜、工作生活压力大、咀嚼硬物、正畸治疗史与颞下颌关节紊乱病明显相关.     

Glutamate-evoked jaw muscle pain as a model of persistent myofascial TMD pain?

OBJECTIVE: Compare pain-related measures and psychosocial variables between glutamate-evoked jaw muscle pain in healthy subjects (HS) and patients with persistent myofascial temporomandibular disorder (TMD) pain. DESIGN: Forty-seven female HS and 10 female patients with persistent myofascial TMD pain participated. The HS received an injection of glutamate into the masseter muscle to model persistent myofascial TMD pain. Participants filled out a coping strategies questionnaire (CSQ), the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) and McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ). Pain intensity was assessed on an electronic visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain-drawing areas, numerical rating scale (NRS) scores of unpleasantness, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and pressure pain tolerance (PPTOL) were measured. Unpaired t-tests and correlation tests were used for analyses. RESULTS: The groups were significantly different when comparing the CSQ scores of control, decrease, diverting attention, increase of behavioural activities and somatization. The peak VAS pain, NRS of unpleasantness and MPQ scores were not significantly different between groups, but PPT and PPTOL were significantly lower in the TMD patients. Significant positive correlations were found in the TMD patients between peak VAS pain and CSQ catastrophizing score and SCL-90 somatization. The scores of PPTs and PPTOLs, in patients showed positive correlations with CSQ reinterpreting pain sensations scores and PPTs correlated with CSQ praying/hoping scores. CONCLUSIONS: Glutamate-evoked pain responses in HS and persistent myofascial TMD pain have similar sensory-discriminative and affective-unpleasantness components but differ in psychosocial features. This study suggests that experimental designs based on glutamate injection into muscle can provide an appropriate model for elucidating persistent myofascial pain conditions.