MR乳腺线圈对腋窝淋巴结的评价

目的　研究正常与异常乳腺腋窝淋巴结的MRI表现 ,探讨MR乳腺线圈对术前乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的评估。方法　应用MR乳腺线圈对 2 4例健康志愿者、2 3例乳腺良性疾病患者和 43例乳腺癌患者共 119个腋窝进行扫描 ,对比分析MRI片内各组腋窝淋巴结的形态、边缘、大小、数目和信号变化 ,并将乳腺癌组淋巴结表现与组织病理学结果进行对照。结果　 3 1.2 5 %的正常健康人腋窝可以检出淋巴结 ,乳腺良性疾病、乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结无转移者 (LN -)淋巴结的形态、边缘、大小、数目和信号变化与正常健康人无显著差异 ,乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移者 (LN + )淋巴结的形态、边缘、大小和强化方式与前三者有显著差异。结论　MRI是术前评估腋窝淋巴结状态的有效检查方法 ,为临床手术和治疗提供有价值的依据     

MRI在乳腺癌腋窝前哨淋巴结转移的诊断价值

【摘要】目的：探讨MRI在乳腺癌腋窝前哨淋巴结（SLN）转移中的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析2015年1月-2017年6月在我院就诊的85例乳腺癌患者的临床资料及MRI影像学资料。采用秩和检验比较MRI检查和美兰示踪法检出SLB的数目、采用Spearman分析两种方法检出SLB的相关性，评估MRI诊断乳腺癌腋窝前哨淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性和准确度。结果：85例患者，MRI检查定位145枚M-SLN，美兰示踪定位167枚D-SLN，两种方法检出的SLB的数目比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），但两种方法存在明显相关性（Rs=0.773，P＜0.05）。MRI诊断M-SLN阳性92枚，阴性53枚，良恶性淋巴结的形态大小（长/短径）、淋巴门是否存在、周围脂肪间隙、DWI信号和ADC值、强化程度等方面的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。MRI诊断乳腺癌腋窝前哨淋巴结转移的灵敏度为95.8%（91/95），特异度为98.0%（49/50），准确度为96.6%（140/145）。结论：MRI具有无辐射、软组织对比好、安全性高等优点，诊断乳腺癌腋窝前哨淋巴结转移的准确度较高，可成为临床专科医师术前常规检查方法。     

乳腺癌MRI诊断的临床应用价值

目的 评价MRI在乳腺癌临床诊断中的应用价值。资料与方法 30例临床或乳腺X线摄影诊断有困难的患者行乳腺和腋窝MRI检查，17例经组织病理证实为乳腺癌，分析MRI显示乳腺癌病灶和胸肌浸润以及淋巴结转移的敏感性，所有结果均与病理对照。结果 17例乳腺癌患者共检出35个病灶，包括6例多中心性乳腺癌、4例多灶性乳腺癌和7例单发病灶(包括2例隐匿性乳腺癌)。6例(35．3％)出现胸肌浸润；腋窝淋巴结转移11例，其中9例病理证实，其敏感性为81．8％。结论乳腺MRI对检出隐匿性乳腺癌，多灶性和多中心性乳腺癌，评估胸肌有无浸润以及腋窝淋巴结有无转移具有重要价值。     

年轻女性(≤40岁)乳腺癌的X线摄影与MRI对照研究

目的 分析年轻女性乳腺癌乳腺X线摄影(mammography,MG)及磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)影像学特点,以期提高年轻女性乳腺癌病灶的检出和评估.方法 收集经手术病理证实的121例乳腺癌患者,均于术前接受乳腺MRI检查,年轻组(≤40岁)患者29例,中老年组(>40岁)患者92例,其中共81例患者行MG检查.比较2组病例的MG特点、MRI形态学、信号强度、ADC值及血流动力学特点,以及淋巴结转移与否.采用SPSS13.0统计软件,P值≤0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 年轻女性表现为致密型乳腺23例(79.3%),浸润性导管癌24例(82.8%),病灶平均直径为3.6 cm,肿块型病灶中表现为非毛刺状边缘14例(73.7%),不均匀强化病灶21例(72.4%),病灶伴导管内成分(extensive intraductal component,EIC)16例(55.2%),18例病灶发生腋淋巴结转移病灶(62.1%).年轻女性与中老年女性癌灶出现钙化的几率无明显差异(P=0.159),乳腺X线摄影对年轻女性组患者病灶检出的敏感性(62.5%)低于中老年女性组(87.7%)(P=0.006).结论 MRI对于年轻女性致密型乳腺中乳腺癌病灶的检出及术前评估具有极其重要的作用.     

基于乳腺癌动态增强MRI图像的影像组学特征预测腋窝淋巴结转移的可行性研究

目的探讨基于乳腺癌动态增强MRI图像的影像组学特征预测腋窝淋巴结转移的可行性。方法回顾性分析2013年1至12月北京大学第一医院经粗针穿刺活体组织检查确诊为乳腺癌的163例患者(163个病灶)。所有患者腋窝淋巴结状态均经病理学确诊, 且术前有完整乳腺MRI图像。163例患者中, 有腋窝淋巴结转移者94例, 无腋窝淋巴结转移者69例, 并按照7∶3比例随机进入训练集(115例)与测试集(48例)。对训练集进行影像组学分析, 包括图像预处理及标记、影像组学特征提取、影像组学模型建立及模型预测效能分析。测试集用于模型效能测试。采用受试者操作特征曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)分析模型的预测效能。结果训练集提取的1 075个特征中, 采用随机森林分类器最终选取主成分分析(PCA)融合特征8、41、67建模, 3个PCA融合特征建立的模型鉴别诊断乳腺癌有、无腋窝淋巴结转移的AUC为0.956(95%CI 0.907～0.988), 诊断灵敏度为91.2%, 特异度为100%, 准确度为94.8%;测试集中3个PCA融合特征建立的模型鉴别诊断乳腺癌有、无腋窝淋巴结转移的AUC为0.767(95%CI 0...     

临床病理及MRI特征辅助提高乳腺癌ALN转移诊断价值研究

目的 探讨临床病理及病灶MRI特征与乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结(ALN)转移的相关性及其辅助提高ALN转移诊断的价值。方法 回顾性分析842例病理证实为乳腺癌患者的临床病理及MRI特征，根据病理结果将患者分为ALN转移组和无转移组；分析两组患者在临床病理及MRI特征方面的差异，并用Logistic回归分析乳腺癌ALN转移的独立影响因素，绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价其诊断效能。结果 842例患者中ALN转移组307例，无转移组535例；病理分级、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)、Ki-67及是否合并脉管癌栓在两组患者中差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。MRI特征中病灶大小、数目、强化类型及乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)分类在两组患者中差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);以MRI上ALN形态学标准诊断ALN转移，本研究共检出可疑ALN转移患者390例(46.3%),无转移者452例(53.7%),其灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为82.1%、74.2%和77.1%。Logistic回归分析显示PR低表达、HER-2阳性、合并脉管癌栓、病灶>...     

乳腺癌动态增强MRI表现与腋窝淋巴结转移及ER、PR的关系

目的探讨乳腺癌MRI表现与腋窝淋巴结转移及雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)、孕激素受体(progesterone receptor,PR)的关系。方法选取我院乳腺癌患者83例,根据患者有无腋窝淋巴结转移、病理类型、ER、PR表达情况进行分组,分析增强MRI表现与其之间的关系。结果有腋窝淋巴结转移者与无腋窝淋巴结转移者增强MRI表现中边缘特征、早期强化模式差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。83例乳腺癌患者其病理类型分别为浸润性导管癌55例、浸润性小叶癌8例、黏液癌20例;三种病理类型根据分析结果显示:其在边缘特征、早期强化模式、延迟期时间-信号强度曲线类型等增强MRI表现差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ER阳性、阴性者根据其增强MRI表现,在边缘特征、内部强化方式之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PR阳性、阴性者其增强MRI表现在边缘特征、早期强化模式之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论有腋窝淋巴结转移的患者与增强MRI表现边缘特征、早期强化模式有关;病理类型与边缘特征与强化模式有关;ER阳性与边缘特征与内部强化方式有关、PR阳性与边缘特征、早期强化模式有关。     

超声联合肿瘤标志物诊断乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移的临床价值分析

目的分析乳腺癌患者术前超声检查联合角蛋白19(CK19)、癌胚抗原(CEA)检测诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的临床价值。方法回顾性分析2018年9月-2019年8月于郑州大学第五附属医院行乳腺癌改良根治术治疗的68例患者的临床资料,以病理诊断结果为金标准,将患者分为腋窝淋巴结转移组(n=38)与腋窝淋巴结未转移组(n=30),分析乳腺癌患者术前乳腺超声检查、CK19及CEA检测结果与腋窝淋巴结转移的关系,以及三者联合诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的临床价值。结果乳腺超声检查结果显示,腋窝淋巴结转移组患者淋巴结长径≥7 mm、边界不清、内部回声不均匀、淋巴结内血流信号丰富、纵横径之比<2等的检出率均高于腋窝淋巴结未转移组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。腋窝淋巴结转移组患者血清CK19、CEA水平及阳性率均高于腋窝淋巴结未转移组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,CK19、CEA联合检测诊断腋窝淋巴结转移的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.919,明显大于CK19(AUC=0.859)和CEA(AUC=0.849)单项检测,建立logistic回归模型:Logit(P...     

乳腺癌MRI影像特征预测腋窝淋巴结转移的价值研究

目的 基于乳腺癌MRI特征建立可以无创性预测腋窝淋巴结转移(ALNM)的诺模图。方法 选取2013年8月～2020年8月于青岛大学附属医院放射科病理证实的乳腺癌患者394例,均行MRI检查并在1个月内获得淋巴结病理结果。根据乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)标准描述病变的MRI表现,分析乳腺癌原发肿瘤的MRI特征与腋窝淋巴结转移的关系并建立诺模图。结果 乳腺癌原发肿瘤的最大径及ADC值与腋窝淋巴结转移之间存在相关性,其次,与腋窝淋巴结转移相关的特征还有肿瘤位置、肿瘤边缘及肿瘤形状(P <0.05),多因素二元logistic回归后纳入肿瘤最大径、ADC值、肿瘤形状及腋窝有无可疑淋巴结建立对淋巴结预测的诺模图AUC值为0.890。结论 基于乳腺癌MRI特征的诺模图可以预测ALNM。这种非侵入性的方法在临床应用上很有前景。     

乳腺浸润性导管癌细胞周期素D1蛋白的表达与其MRI征象的分析

目的本文将乳腺癌MRI影像学表现征象同病理特征及细胞周期素D1蛋白表达相对照,探究乳腺浸润性导管癌细胞周期素D1表现的分子病理学基础,结合MRI影像对乳腺癌转移做出正确评估。方法对58例经乳腺X线摄影检查的乳腺浸润性导管癌患者行MRI平扫及动态增强扫描,将容积扫描数据传至ADW4.6工作站进行图像分析。手术后所取标本切片进行免疫组织化学染色分析,测定不同侵袭转移程度乳腺癌组织中细胞周期素D1蛋白含量,同所得MRI图像进行相关性研究。统计学分析用SPSS 20.0软件包进行数据处理。以P0.05为有统计学意义。结果 58例乳腺浸润性导管癌MRI影像中,腋窝淋巴结转移32例,细胞周期素D1蛋白阳性表达率为81.25%。细胞周期素D1阳性表达率在淋巴结转移组和非转移组中有显著性差异﹙P0.05﹚。胸壁及骨转移31例,细胞周期素D1阳性表达率为74.19%。转移组与非转移组相比有显著性差异﹙P0.05﹚。结论乳腺浸润性导管癌细胞周期素D1蛋白的阳性表达同肿瘤分化程度及是否有淋巴结转移、远处骨转移密切相关,根据MRI征象可推断出细胞周期素D1蛋白的表达情况。     

Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of the axilla in women with breast cancer: comparison with pathology of excised nodes

Axillary lymph node status is the most important prognostic factor in breast cancer patients and is currently determined by surgical dissection. This study was performed to assess whether dynamic gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd) enhanced MRI is an accurate method for non-invasive staging of the axilla. 47 women with a new primary breast cancer underwent pre-operative dynamic Gd enhanced MRI of the ipsilateral axilla. Lymph node enhancement was quantitatively analysed using a region of interest method. Enhancement indices and nodal area were compared with histopathology of excised nodes using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve approach. 10 patients had axillary metastases pathologically and all had > or =1 lymph node with an enhancement index of >21% and a nodal area of >0.4 cm(2). 37 patients had negative axillary nodes pathologically. 20 of these had enhancement indices <21% and nodal areas <0.4 cm(2). Using this method, a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 56%, a positive predictive value of 38% and a negative predictive value of 100% could be achieved. Using this method of quantitative assessment, dynamic Gd enhanced MRI may be a reliable method of predicting absence of axillary nodal metastases in women with breast cancer, thereby avoiding axillary surgery in women with a negative MRI study.     

Axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer: preoperative detection with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI

Metastatic involvement of axillary lymph nodes is one of the most important prognostic variables in breast cancer. The aim of our work was to study the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging in revealing axillary lymph node metastases from breast cancer. A total of 65 patients with invasive breast cancer treated with axillary lymph node dissection were preoperatively evaluated by MRI. T1-weighted dynamic contrast-enhanced 3D images were acquired using a coil covering the breast and the axilla. The dynamic contrast enhancement, size, and morphology of the axillary lymph nodes were registered. Histopathological examination revealed axillary lymph node metastases in 24 patients. When using a signal intensity increase in the lymph nodes of > 100 % during the first postcontrast image as a threshold for malignancy, 57 of 65 patients were correctly classified (sensitivity 83 %, specificity 90 %, accuracy 88 %). These results were not improved when lymph node size and morphology were used as additional criteria. Axillary lymph nodes can be evaluated as a part of an MR-mammography study without substantial increase in examination time, and provide the surgeon with knowledge about the localization of possible metastatic lymph nodes. Received: 25 February 1999; Revised: 3 August 1999; Accepted: 27 January 1999     

乳腺MRI在X线检查乳腺阴性腋淋巴结转移癌阳性患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨乳腺MR检查对临床乳腺触诊和X线检查均为阴性的腋淋巴结转移癌患者寻找其乳腺内原发病灶的应用价值.方法 分析33例以腋淋巴结转移癌为首诊表现(临床乳腺触诊和X线检查均为阴性)患者的乳腺MR影像资料,依据美国放射学会的乳腺影像报告和数据系统MRI标准对所有病变进行分析,并将MRI诊断结果与病理进行对照.结果 33例腋淋巴结转移癌患者中,30例临床行乳腺根治术,其中17例经病理证实为乳腺癌,乳腺MRI检出其中的16例,包括10例肿块性病变和6例非肿块性病变,肿块性病变直径0.5～2.6 cm(平均1.5 cm),直径≤1.5 cm者6例;非肿块性病变包括4例导管性强化和2例段性强化;另1例病理切片发现乳腺癌但乳腺MRI为阴性.其余13例行乳腺根治术患者病理检查未发现乳腺癌灶,其中9例乳腺MRI亦呈阴性表现,另4例MRI提示可疑癌灶.余3例临床未行手术治疗的患者,乳腺MRI亦为阴性.以病理诊断为金标准,MR检出乳腺原发癌灶的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为94.1%、69.2%和83.3%.结论 相对于一般乳腺癌而言,隐匿性乳腺癌MRI表现更以小灶性的肿块性病变和导管或段性强化的非肿块性病变为常见表现类型.乳腺MR检查对隐匿性乳腺癌的检出具有较高的敏感度和准确度,应作为这类患者的常规检查手段.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the role of breast MRI in detecting the primary malignancy in patients presenting solely with axillary lymph node metastases. Methods Thirty-three patients with axillary lynph node metastases but negative findings on either physical examination or mammography underwent breast MRI to identify occult breast carcinoma. MRI of the breast was assessed according to BI-RADS criteria. The pathologic diagnosis was made according to the standard criteria by the WHO Classification of Tumor. Results Among 33 patients presenting solely with axillary metastases, 30 patients underwent modified radical mastectomy. Primary breast carcinoma was proven in 17 patients. MRI detected lesions in 16 patients, including 10 masses and 6 non-mass lesions. Size of the masses ranged from 0. 5 to 2. 6 cm (mean 1.5 cm). Six lesions were smaller than 1.5 cm in size. Non-mass lesions showed ductal enhancement in 4 cases and segmental enhancement in 2 cases. One patient with tumor detected by histopathology showed no abnormal enhancement on MRI. No tumor was found at mastectomy in the other 13 womeu, and negative MR findings were revealed in 9. Four cases with suspicious enhancement on MRI had no corresponding primary foci on pathology. Three patients didn't undergo surgical procedure. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of the primary malignancy were 94. 1%,69. 2%, and 83.3%, respectively. Conclusions Small size of mass and ductal or segmental enhancement of non-mass lesion were common MR features of occult malignancy. MRI showed high sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosing occult breast carcinoma. Breast MRI should be taken in search of occult malignancy in patients with axillary metastases.     

乳腺MRI在X线检查乳腺阴性腋淋巴结转移癌阳性患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨乳腺MR检查对临床乳腺触诊和X线检查均为阴性的腋淋巴结转移癌患者寻找其乳腺内原发病灶的应用价值.方法 分析33例以腋淋巴结转移癌为首诊表现(临床乳腺触诊和X线检查均为阴性)患者的乳腺MR影像资料,依据美国放射学会的乳腺影像报告和数据系统MRI标准对所有病变进行分析,并将MRI诊断结果与病理进行对照.结果 33例腋淋巴结转移癌患者中,30例临床行乳腺根治术,其中17例经病理证实为乳腺癌,乳腺MRI检出其中的16例,包括10例肿块性病变和6例非肿块性病变,肿块性病变直径0.5～2.6 cm(平均1.5 cm),直径≤1.5 cm者6例;非肿块性病变包括4例导管性强化和2例段性强化;另1例病理切片发现乳腺癌但乳腺MRI为阴性.其余13例行乳腺根治术患者病理检查未发现乳腺癌灶,其中9例乳腺MRI亦呈阴性表现,另4例MRI提示可疑癌灶.余3例临床未行手术治疗的患者,乳腺MRI亦为阴性.以病理诊断为金标准,MR检出乳腺原发癌灶的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为94.1%、69.2%和83.3%.结论 相对于一般乳腺癌而言,隐匿性乳腺癌MRI表现更以小灶性的肿块性病变和导管或段性强化的非肿块性病变为常见表现类型.乳腺MR检查对隐匿性乳腺癌的检出具有较高的敏感度和准确度,应作为这类患者的常规检查手段.     

乳腺MRI在X线检查乳腺阴性腋淋巴结转移癌阳性患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨乳腺MR检查对临床乳腺触诊和X线检查均为阴性的腋淋巴结转移癌患者寻找其乳腺内原发病灶的应用价值.方法 分析33例以腋淋巴结转移癌为首诊表现(临床乳腺触诊和X线检查均为阴性)患者的乳腺MR影像资料,依据美国放射学会的乳腺影像报告和数据系统MRI标准对所有病变进行分析,并将MRI诊断结果与病理进行对照.结果 33例腋淋巴结转移癌患者中,30例临床行乳腺根治术,其中17例经病理证实为乳腺癌,乳腺MRI检出其中的16例,包括10例肿块性病变和6例非肿块性病变,肿块性病变直径0.5～2.6 cm(平均1.5 cm),直径≤1.5 cm者6例;非肿块性病变包括4例导管性强化和2例段性强化;另1例病理切片发现乳腺癌但乳腺MRI为阴性.其余13例行乳腺根治术患者病理检查未发现乳腺癌灶,其中9例乳腺MRI亦呈阴性表现,另4例MRI提示可疑癌灶.余3例临床未行手术治疗的患者,乳腺MRI亦为阴性.以病理诊断为金标准,MR检出乳腺原发癌灶的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为94.1%、69.2%和83.3%.结论 相对于一般乳腺癌而言,隐匿性乳腺癌MRI表现更以小灶性的肿块性病变和导管或段性强化的非肿块性病变为常见表现类型.乳腺MR检查对隐匿性乳腺癌的检出具有较高的敏感度和准确度,应作为这类患者的常规检查手段.     

Estrogen receptor and breast MR imaging features: a correlation study

PURPOSE: To compare the MRI features between estrogen receptor (ER) positive and negative breast cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Breast MRI of 90 consecutive patients confirmed with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 51 ER positive and 39 ER negative, were analyzed. The tumor morphology and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) kinetics were evaluated based on the American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) MRI lexicon and compared. Enlarged axillary lymph nodes on MRI and choline (Cho) detection using MR spectroscopy (MRS) were also analyzed and compared. For patients receiving axillary node dissection the pathological nodal status was also compared. RESULTS: ER negative breast cancer had bigger tumors compared to ER positive cancer (3.6 +/- 2.0 cm vs. 1.8 +/- 1.3 cm, P < 0.00005). ER negative cancer was more likely to exhibit nonmass type enhancements compared to ER positive cancer (P < 0.005). Enlarged axillary lymph nodes were more frequently identified on MRI in ER negative compared to ER positive patients (P < 0.05). After excluding patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, auxiliary lymph node status did not show significant difference between ER positive and ER negative cancer on MRI and pathology. ER negative cancer was more likely to show the malignant type enhancement kinetics (P = 0.15), rim enhancement (P = 0.15), and Cho detection on MRS (P = 0.23) compared to ER positive cancer, but it did not reach a level of statistical significance. CONCLUSION: ER negative breast cancer was more aggressive, with larger tumor size, more non-mass-type enhancement lesions, and a higher percentage showing enlarged axillary nodes on MRI. These features might be related to its poorer cellular differentiation and/or a higher angiogenesis.     

Role of ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy of axillary lymph nodes in the initial staging of breast carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of US-guided core biopsy in detection of metastatic axillary lymph nodes in preoperative staging of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: US-guided core biopsy of suspicious axillary lymph nodes was performed in 39 patients with breast cancer. Biopsy results were compared to the axillary dissection results. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the core biopsy in the detection of malignancy were calculated. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients were assessed with biopsy; 30 patients were found to have metastatic carcinoma and nine had benign reactive hyperplasia. In 26 of 30 cases with biopsy-proven metastatic disease, there were malignant lymph nodes detected at axillary dissection. Four cases that had positive biopsy results and negative axillary dissection were accepted as complete response to chemotherapy. In three of nine cases with benign reactive hyperplasia, axillary dissection revealed metastatic disease. No significant complications were observed other than pain responding to analgesics. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of core biopsy in detection of malignancy were 90%, 100% and 92%, respectively. The results were statistically significant (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Ultrasonographically detected lymph nodes can be easily assessed by US-guided biopsy. Core biopsy is a reliable and easily performed method without significant complications.     

背景抑制扩散加权成像诊断头颈部鳞癌颈部淋巴结转移的价值

目的 前瞻性地探讨背景抑制扩散加权成像(DWIBS)评价头颈部鳞癌颈部淋巴结转移的临床应用价值.方法 对20例经颈部淋巴结活检或手术病理证实的头颈部鳞癌患者(舌癌5例、鼻咽癌5例、喉癌3例、口底癌3例、口咽癌1例、喉咽癌1例、面颊癌1例和唇癌1例)进行颈部常规MR和DWIBS扫描,测量淋巴结的ADC值,选定鉴别转移性和良性淋巴结的最佳ADC阈值,并比较DWIBS与常规MRI显示和诊断转移性淋巴结的能力.两组均数间的比较采用独立样本t检验.结果 常规MR检查计数淋巴结共101枚,诊断转移性淋巴结58枚;常规MRI诊断淋巴结转移的敏感度为78%(47/60)、特异度为81%(44/54)、准确度为80%(91/114)、阳性预测值为82%(47/57)、阴性预测值为77%(44/57).DWIBS计数淋巴结共114枚,转移性淋巴结(60枚)的平均ADC值为(0.945±0.122)×10-3mm2/s,低于良性淋巴结(54枚)的平均ADC值(1.210±0.151)×10-3 mm2/s(t=-10.354,P＜0.01).以1.090×10-3 mm2/s作为ADC阈值,诊断颈部淋巴结转移的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性和阴性预测值分别为88%(53/60)、80%(43/54)、84%(96/114)、83%(53/64)和86%(43/50).结论 DWIBS有助于诊断头颈部鳞癌的颈部淋巴结转移,较常规MRI可提高其检出率.     

CT灌注成像评价乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结状态的临床应用价值

目的 探讨CT灌注成像(CTP)评价乳腺癌腋窝肿大淋巴结状态的临床应用价值.方法 对45例局限浸润性乳腺癌伴有临床可触及同侧腋窝淋巴结肿大患者的46个"靶"淋巴结进行多层螺旋CT(MSCT)动态增强扫描,在静脉内以4.0 ml/s流率注射40 ml对比剂后,对病灶5 min层厚连续4个层面行同层动态扫描,分别半自动计算"靶"淋巴结及其扫描层面肌肉组织灌注参数值:血流量(BF)、血容量(BV)、平均通过时间(MTY)和表面渗透性(PS),并使用非参数Mann-WhitneyU检验进行统计学分析.结果 46个腋窝"靶"淋巴结经术后病理学标本证实为转移性淋巴结32个、阴性14个(均为反应性增生淋巴结炎).32个转移性"靶"淋巴结中有22个为前哨淋巴结(68%).阴性和转移性"靶"淋巴结的灌注参数平均值分别为:BF(76.18±31.53)和(161.60±40.94)ml·100mg-1mg·min-1;BV(5.81±2.50)和(9.15±3.02)ml/100 mg;MTT(6.80±1.55)和(5.50 4±1.84)s;PS(25.82±4.62)和(25.96±7.47)ml·100 mg-1·min-1.转移性和阴性"靶"淋巴结BF之间的r=0.14,P<0.05,BV、MTY和Ps之间的r值分别为-0.03、0.05、0.07,P值均>0.05.结论 CTP在形态学基础上增加功能信息可为临床评价淋巴结状态提供有用信息.