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Zusammenfassung 1. Wenige Stunden nach der Entfernung der Nebennieren verdünnen Kaninchen nach einem Aderlaß ihr Blut so wie normale Tiere.2. Ohne Nebennierenrindenhormon kann der Organismus nach Aderlaß sein Blut nicht verdünnen.3. Die Blutverdünnung nach Aderlaß wird aber nicht durch die Nebennierenrinde veranlaßt.4. Hypophysenlose Ratten können nach einem Aderlaß ihr Blut so wie normale Tiere verdünnen.Mit 2 Textabbildungen.  相似文献   

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Zusammenfassung Es wird vorgeschlagen, Q n =k t+n /K t bei der Auswertung von Messungen der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit nicht der Anfangstemperatur, sondern von vornherein stets der Mitte t+n/2 des Temperaturintervalls zuzuordnen, da sich hierdurch die Beziehungen zur Umrechnung verschiedener Q-Werte ineinander wesentlich vereinfachen lassen.Mit 1 Textabbildung  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungDurchgeführt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.  相似文献   

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The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology was published in 2008 (Baloch et al. 2008, Cytojournal 5:6; Baloch et al. 2008, Diagn Cytopathol 36:425-437) offering a classification system which is closely related to clinical data. The aim was to ensure adequate terminology without risk of errors in understanding, to advise clinicians concerning therapeutic options in relationship to cytological diagnoses as well as to facilitate the comparison of cytology data at national and international levels. However, mainly due to specific US American (both medical and legal) demands, this classification system is not yet fully appreciated in most European countries. The reasons are various: (a) Criteria for representative material are much more restrictive than those commonly used and in Germany a higher number of (unnecessary) repunctures would be the consequence. (b) It remains doubtful whether the introduction of a new and rather heterogeneous category of "atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance" would contribute to a substantial decrease of findings classified as "follicular neoplasia". Furthermore it is unlikely that clinicians would be willing to accept the recommended conservative approach with repuncture if a new diagnostic category is associated with a calculated risk of malignancy in 5-15% cases. (c) Until now an integration of new developments in molecular markers into the Bethesda system is missing. Thus, for experienced cytologists the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology offers very limited benefits in comparison to the currently used, established and highly accepted classification systems. However, a positive argument remains the fact that an internationally accepted classification system may improve the comparability of the results of national and international studies on thyroid findings.  相似文献   

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Cervical carcinomas and their precursors (cervical dysplasia, CIN1-3) are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Epidemiological and in vitro-studies have shown that some of the genital HPV types, the high risk-types 16, 18, 31 etc., code for proteins (E6/E7) which strongly influence the cell cycle and genome stability. Progression from weak to severe dysplasia and to invasive cancer is associated with increasing expression of these viral oncogenes. Which additional cofactors contribute to progression of some dysplasias to carcinomas is still a matter of investigation. Recent results point to genetic predisposition (p53 polymorphism), cellular immune reaction, and cytokine expression. For HPV detection in cervical swabs and biopsies two highly sensitive and reliable systems (PCR, Hybrid Capture system) are available. Although classical histological methods are sufficient for the diagnosis of high-grade lesions and invasive cancer, HPV testing might give valuable diagnostic and prognostic clues especially in cases of unclear cytology (ASCUS) or weak dysplasia.  相似文献   

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Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der Benzidinreaktion wurde die Blutverteilung in der Leber nach kurzfristiger experimenteller Unterbindung der Pfortader und der Arteria hepatica untersucht. Fünf Typen der Blutverteilung konnten festgestellt werden. Es gelang nicht, eine einen ganzen Leberlappen umfassende acinusperiphere Blutverteilung hervorzurufen. Die Blutverteilung war unabh?ngig davon, ob die Arteria hepatica oder die Pfortader unterbunden wurde.
Summary Using the benzidine reaction the distribution of blood in the liver was studied after brief experimental ligation of the portal vein and the hepatic artery. Five types of distribution of the blood could be determined. It was impossible to induce a localization of blood peripherally around an entire liver lobule. The distribution of blood was not dependent on the ligation of the hepatic artery or portal vein.


Mit 3 Textabbildungen  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungVortrag anläßlich des Kongresses der deutschen Gesellschaft für gerichtliche Medizin in Düsseldorf 1955.Herrn Dr.Sachs und Herrn Dr.Hoppe möchte ich an dieser Stelle herzlich für die liebenswürdige Unterstützung bei der statistischen Auswertung des Materials danken.  相似文献   

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Introduction

Although more than half of geriatric in-hospital patients show daytime sleepiness, sleep disorders or daytime sleepiness are not regularly recorded in a geriatric assessment. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is the most commonly used tool for monitoring daytime sleepiness. The ESS has also been validated for the elderly, but not for geriatric patients.

Methods and results

We therefore analyzed the results of the ESS in geriatric patients. Ninety-five patients with a median age of 84 and an inter quartile range (IQR) of 81–88 years completed the ESS. The median total score and the IQR of the ESS were 4 (IQR: 2–5), 4 (IQR: 3–5) for the men, and 4 (IQR: 2–6) for the women. The correlations of the single items with the overall score were weak; the values for Cronbach’s alpha ranged between 0.37 and 0.55. A factor analysis of the items showed that two factors can be distinguished. One factor loads items 1 (0.743), 2 (0.777), and 7 (0.755), and a second factor loads items 5 (0.696) and 6 (?0.707). Including the three items with the highest load (items 1, 2, and 7), Cronbach’s alpha was calculated as 0.673.

Conclusion

The current German version of the ESS does not meet the quality criteria required for use in geriatrics. Further developments or adaptations of the ESS are required.
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Zusammenfassung Die Abh?ngigkeit der Haptoglobintypenbestimmung von der Konzentration wird in Serumproben mit niederer Haptoglobinkonzentration und in Verdünnungsreihen von Seren untersucht. Die Ablesbarkeit der Haptoglobintypen ist bei einer Konzentration von unter 40 mg- % schlecht, unter 15 mg-% ist die Typenbestimmung nicht mehr m?glich. Die Empfindlichkeit des Haptoglobinnachweises in der St?rkegelelektrophorese ist also begrenzt. Die Feststellung einer Ahaptoglobin?mie ben?tigt unbedingt eine quantitative Haptoglobinbestimmung.  相似文献   

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Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 4 Textabbildungen.  相似文献   

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