前列腺结石对血清PSA水平的影响

目的 探讨前列腺结石对血清PSA的影响.方法 对120例健康人群、60例CP、80例BPH经会阴超声检查前列腺结石的发生率,同时进行血清PSA的检测.结果 三组间前列腺结石的发生率分别为9.17%、41.67%、58.75%,差异有显著性;且三组间结石组与非结石组年龄比较有显著差异;而血清PSA在三组间结石组与非结石组差异无显著性.结论 前列腺结石在BPH、CP中检出率较高,其发病率与年龄有很大关系;前列腺结石对血清PSA无影响.     

前列腺增生合并前列腺炎的临床研究

目的探讨前列腺增生(BPH)合并前列腺炎(CP)的临床特点及其相互关系。方法对我科于2000年1月～2009年12月收治的287例BPH合CP患者进行回顾性分析。根据有无合并CP,将所有患者分为CP组(124例)和非CP组(163例),比较两组患者年龄、EPS白细胞数量、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、前列腺体积、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)及生活质量评分(QOL)的差异。然而根据有无接受抗CP治疗,进一步将CP组患者分为治疗组(73例)和对照组(51例),比较两组治疗前后IPSS和QOL评分的变化。结果与非CP组相比,CP组患者发病年龄更迟、血清PSA值更高、前列腺体积更大、IPSS及QOL评分更高(均P0.05),但EPS白细胞计数两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组治疗后,IPSS及QOL评分明显下降(P0.05),而对照组治疗后IPSS及QOL评分未明显改善(P0.05)。结论 BPH常合并CP;与单纯BPH相比,BPH合并CP具有发病年龄迟、血清PSA更高、临床症状更为严重的特点;在常规BPH治疗的同时予以抗CP治疗,可取得更为显著的疗效。     

单纯前列腺增生与合并前列腺炎患者临床特点分析

目的 探讨单纯前列腺增生(BPH)与合并慢性前列腺炎(CP)患者在临床特点上的差异.方法 回顾性分析2005年至2010年于我院行经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)术治疗的BPH患者,按照是否合并CP,分为单纯BPH组和合并CP组两组,采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析,比较两组患者在年龄、临床症状、前列腺体积、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、PSA等指标上是否存在差异.结果 288例BPH患者中合并CP有63例.单纯BPH患者多因尿频、排尿困难入院,而合并有CP的BPH患者中有79.6%因疼痛或终末尿滴沥入院;虽然合并CP患者较单纯BPH患者发病年龄更高、前列腺体积更大、PSA更高,但差异无统计学意义;合并CP患者较单纯BPH患者IPSS更高,差异有统计学意义.结论 有无疼痛或终末尿滴沥及IPSS高低是临床鉴别单纯BPH患者与合并CP的BPH患者的重要指标;在IPSS评分大于25分时应警惕前列腺炎的存在.     

良性前列腺增生与前列腺癌患者血清总PSA水平与游离PSA比值的比较

目的　探讨血清总前列腺特异性抗原 (T PSA)水平及游离PSA比值 (F/T)在良性前列腺增生 (BPH)与前列腺癌 (PCa)鉴别诊断中的作用。　方法　对 10 3例PCa患者及 810例BPH患者T PSA及F/T值的差异进行分析比较。　结果　BPH患者血清T PSA <4、4～及 >10ng/ml者分别占 71.7%、2 2 .1%、6 .2 % ,PCa患者分别为 10 .7%、17.5 %和 71.8% ,两组间差别有极显著性意义 (P<0 .0 0 5 )。当F/T值 <0 .16时 ,两组患者血清T PSA <4及 4～ 10ng/ml的例数差别有极显著性意义 (P <0 .0 0 5 ) ;但T PSA >10ng/ml的患者 ,两组间差别无显著性意义 (0 .1

10ng/ml时 ,F/T值则无明显鉴别意义     

良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留相关因素分析

目的 :探讨血清前列腺特异抗原 (PSA)和移行带指数 (TZI)与良性前列腺增生 (BPH)并发急性尿潴留 (AUR)的关系。　方法 :回顾性分析 6 0 2例BPH患者的相关资料。　结果 :BPH并发AUR组血清PSA值为 (6 .6 0± 3.4 0 )μg/L ,TZI值为0 .71± 0 .14 ;未并发AUR组患者血清PSA值为 (3.5 1± 2 .30 ) μg/L ,TZI值为0 .4 6± 0 .2 1。两组间血清PSA和TZI值差异均有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。PSA <4 .0、4 .0～ 10 .0、>10 .0 μg/L 3组间AUR发生率进行比较 ,差异有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,AUR发生率随血清PSA值的增高而增高。血清PSA与TZI呈显著正相关 (r=0 .2 13,P <0 .0 1)。　结论 :血清PSA和TZI可作为预测BPH并发AUR的良好指标     

中老年男性代谢综合征与前列腺增生关系的研究

目的 探讨中老年男性人群中代谢综合征和前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH)的关系。方法 随机选择2015年5月至2016年2月本院体检中心体检的中老年男性350例作为研究对象。调查所有研究对象的一般情况,包括年龄、身高、体质量、血压、既往史、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)等;抽取空腹静脉血检测血糖、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白和前列腺特异性抗原(PSA);腹部超声测量前列腺体积, 并检测Qmax。比较代谢综合征组和非代谢综合征组BPH患病率及严重程度。结果 代谢综合征组100例,合并BPH者30例（30%）;非代谢综合征组250例,合并BPH者35例（14%）。代谢综合征组的BPH患病率较高,与非代谢综合征组相比,代谢综合征组IPSS、前列腺体积和血清PSA值存在差异,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,两组间Qmax差异无统计学意义（P=0.057）。结论 代谢综合征患者的BPH患病率较高,代谢综合征影响BPH患者的IPSS、前列腺体积和PSA。肥胖、高脂血症、高血压、空腹血糖高或糖尿病是BPH的危险因素。BPH患者诊疗的同时还需要考虑是否合并代谢综合征。     

手术治疗的良性前列腺增生患者年龄与血清PSA、PSAD的关系分析

目的探讨手术治疗的良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者年龄与血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）及前列腺特异性抗原密度（PSAD）的关系。方法选取手术治疗的BPH患者共369例,按年龄段分为4组,对其血清PSA进行检测,并计算PSAD值,分析年龄和血清PSA、PSAD的关系。结果随年龄的增长,手术治疗的BPH患者PSA呈现逐渐增加趋势;而PSAD在各组间基本保持不变。结论手术治疗的BPH患者血清PSA值与患者年龄有显著的相关性,而PSAD却相对保持恒定。     

慢性前列腺炎合并前列腺结石的临床研究

目的 探讨慢性前列腺炎(CP)与前列腺结石(PC)的关系.方法 对500例健康人群和491例CP患者经直肠B超检测PC,将其分成CP与CP+Pc组,进行CPSI评分.结果 ①对照组PC的检出率随年龄增大而增高(χ2=68,P<0.001);②CP与对照组各年龄段PC的检出率差异有显著性(P<0.001);CP组各年龄段PC的检出率分别为15.79%、30.09%、55.66%、66.15%、82.76%,各年龄段间差异有显著性(P<0.001);③CP与CP+PC组CPSI评分差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 CP中PC的检出率明显增多,且随年龄增大而增高;年龄与CP是形成PC的重要因素.     

血清前列腺特异性抗原检测预测良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留的应用价值

目的 探讨血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测预测良性前列腺增生(BPH)并发急性尿潴留(AUR)的应用价值,为BPH并发AUR的临床治疗和预后提供参考.方法 选取本院2013年1月～ 2014年12月收治住院治疗的289例BPH患者的临床资料,其中并发AUR者183例(AUR组),未并发AUR者106例(非AUR组).比较两组患者总血清前列腺特异性抗原(tPSA)、tPSA/年龄、前列腺体积(PV)及PSA密度(PSAD)水平的差异;分析两组患者不同tP-SA、PV及PSAD水平的分布率.结果 AUR组tPSA、tPSA/年龄、PV及PSAD均大于非AUR组,两组比较差异均有显著性统计学意义(P＜0.01).Sperman's相关性分析表明,tPSA、tP-SA/年龄及PSAD间存在正相关性(r=0.921,P＜0.05);tPSA与PV间呈正相关性(r=0.920,P ＜0.05).随着tPSA、PV及PSAD水平的逐渐增加,AUR的发生率逐渐升高.结论 PSA的检测可作为BPH并发AUR的预测指标,值得临床推广应用.临床检测中应结合tPSA/年龄、PV及PSAD等结果综合考虑.     

血清PSA、IPSS评分及前列腺体积与勃起功能障碍的关系

目的 探讨老年前列腺增生患者血清PSA、IPSS症状评分和前列腺体积与勃起功能障碍之间的关系.方法 应用IIEF-5国际勃起功能指数问卷表对入选的BPH患者进行阴茎勃起功能障碍评估,以13分为临床诊断分界线,分为A组(≤12分的为性功能较差的BPH组)和B组(≥13分的为性功能较好的BPH组);两组病例均分别进行IPSS评分、经直肠B超前列腺体积和血清PSA值测定.结果 本研究共收集病例108例,年龄59～89岁,平均年龄(73.67±5.41),BPH伴发ED的发生率为49.07%.A、B两组之间IPSS评分值分别为(23.23±6.05)、(19.98±7.16),两组比较,差异有统计学意义P<0.05,同时对两组IPSS评分和IIEF评分之间行相关分析得出r=0.115,有一定的相关性.A、B两组前列腺体积测定值分别为(63.19±35.38)ml、(58.91±34.99)ml,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).A、B两组PSA值分别为(5.25±4.48)ng/dl、(4.48±4.46)ng/dl,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);同时对IPSS评分与IIEF-5评分行相关分析,r=0.24,显示一定的相关性.结论 BPH患者有很高的ED发生率.血清PSA与前列腺体积测定值和IPSS评分值有明显的相关性,下尿路症状明显的患者ED发生的风险率更高.     

Prostatic calculi do not influence the level of serum prostate specific antigen in men without clinically detectable prostate cancer or prostatitis

PURPOSE: Prostatic calculi are common but little is known of their effect on serum prostate specific antigen (PSA). We investigated whether prostatic calculi might influence serum PSA in men with clinically undetectable prostatic cancer or prostatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between November 1999 and November 2001, 581 consecutive patients underwent serum PSA determination and digital rectal examination. Of these patients 486 without detectable prostatic cancer, or a history or symptoms of prostatitis and with other specified exclusion criteria were included in the study. The detection and volume measurement of prostatic calculi, and the measurement of prostate volume were performed by transrectal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Prostatic calculi were detected in 198 of the 486 men (40.7%). Mean patient age, prostate volume and serum PSA were not significantly different in men with and without prostatic calculi. Prostate volume was significantly greater in patients with abnormally elevated serum PSA than in those with normal levels. However, no significant difference was found between the percent of men with prostatic calculi or the volumes of prostatic calculi in the 2 groups. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence or volume of prostatic calculi was not a risk factor for elevated PSA. Multivariate analysis showed that age and prostate volume were associated with elevated PSA. CONCLUSIONS: The presence or volume of prostatic calculi had no significant effect on serum PSA. Our results suggest that the influence of prostatic calculi is irrelevant in men with elevated PSA.     

Prostate calculi in cancer and BPH in a cohort of Korean men：presence of calculi did not correlate with cancer risk

Prostatic calculi are common and are associated with inflammation of the prostate. Recently,it has been suggested that this inflammation may be associated with prostate carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prostatic calculi and prostate cancer （PCa） in prostate biopsy specimens. We retrospectively analyzed 417 consecutive patients who underwent transrectal ultrasonography （TRUS） and prostate biopsies between January 2005 and January 2008. Based on the biopsy findings,patients were divided into benign prostatic hyperplasia and PCa groups. TRUS was used to detect prostatic calculi and to measure prostate volume.The correlations between PCa risk and age,serum total PSA levels,prostate volume,and prostatic calculi were analyzed. Patient age and PSA,as well as the frequency of prostatic calculi in the biopsy specimens,differed significantly between both the groups （P〈0.05）. In the PCa group,the Gleason scores （GSs） were higher in patients with prostatic calculi than in patients without prostatic calculi （P = 0.023）. Using multivariate logistic regression analysis,we found that patient age,serum total PSA and prostate volume were risk factors for PCa （P = 0.001）,but that the presence of prostatic calculi was not associated with an increased risk of PCa （P = 0.13）. In conclusion,although the presence of prostatic calculi was not shown to be a risk factor for PCa,prostatic calculi were more common in patients with PCa and were associated with a higher GS among these men.     

Are prostatic calculi independent predictive factors of lower urinary tract symptoms？

We determined the correlation between prostatic calculi and lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）,as well as the predisposing factors of prostatic calculi. Of the 1 527 patients who presented at our clinic for LUTS,802underwent complete evaluations,including transrectal ultrasonography,voided bladder-3 specimen and international prostatic symptoms score （IPSS）. A total of 335 patients with prostatic calculi and 467 patients without prostatic calculi were divided into calculi and no calculi groups,respectively. Predictive factors of severe LUTS and prostatic calculi were determined using uni/multivariate analysis. The overall IPSS score was 15.7±9.2 and 14.1±9.1 in the calculi and no calculi group,respectively （P = 0.013）. The maximum flow rate was 12.1±6.9 and 14.2±8.2 mL s~（-1） in the calculi and no calculi group,respectively （P = 0.003）. On univariate analysis for predicting factors of severe LUTS,differences on age （P = 0.042）,prostatic calculi （P = 0.048） and prostatitis （P = 0.018） were statistically significant. However,on multivariate analysis,no factor was significant. On multivariate analysis for predisposing factors of prostatic calculi,differences on age （P〈0.001） and prostate volume （P = 0.001） were significant. To our knowledge,patients who have prostatic calculi complain of more severe LUTS. However,prostatic calculi are not an independent predictive factor of severe LUTS. Therefore,men with prostatic calculi have more severe LUTS not only because of prostatic calculi but also because of age and other factors. In addition,old age and large prostate volume are independent predisposing factors for prostatic calculi.     

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in patients with distal ureteral calculi does not influence the prostate specific antigen value.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Distal ureteral calculi can be treated with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) in situ, which has a high rate of success. As the prostate is in vicinity of this part of the ureter, it is possible that the shockwaves may pass through the prostate also. We evaluated the effect of SWL on the serum concentration of prostate specific antigen (PSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 44 men with distal ureteral calculi located a maximum of 20 mm from the ureteral orifice and without any history of recent urinary tract infection, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or prostate cancer underwent SWL with the Dornier HM-4 lithotripter. Their serum PSA values were measured 5 minutes before SWL as well as 3 hours and 1, 7, and 30 days afterward. The differences of these PSA values were estimated. From a control group of 10 healthy donors, two consecutive PSA values were obtained 30 days apart. RESULTS: Of these patients, 93% (41/44) were stone free within 1 month according to plain radiographs and ultrasonography. No statistically significant difference was observed between the PSA concentration before and after treatment or between the patients who underwent SWL and the control group. CONCLUSION: Treatment of distal ureteral calculi with SWL does not affect the serum PSA concentration.     

Effect of inflammation and benign prostatic enlargement on total and percent free serum prostatic specific antigen

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of inflammation and benign prostatic enlargement on total and percent free serum prostatic specific antigen (PSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Total and free PSA serum levels were determined in 284 patients with no evidence of cancer in the sextant ultrasound-guided biopsy. Double antibody immunoradiometric assay Tandem and Tandem free PSA were used. Benign tissue without inflammation was found in 23.2% of the patients (group 1), while in 68.3%, it was associated with chronic prostatitis (group 2) and with acute prostatitis in 8.4% (group 3). RESULTS: Median serum PSA was 7.8 ng/ml in group 1, 6.7 ng/ml in group 2 and 6.4 ng/ml in group 3, p>0.05. Median percent free PSA was 14.1, 15.6 and 16.4%, respectively, p>0.05. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that prostatic size was the only significant contributor to serum PSA concentration. Moreover, total PSA and prostatic size contributed significantly to the percent free serum PSA. Inflammation had no significant influence on total or percent free serum PSA. CONCLUSION: Inflammation has an important prevalence in cancer-free prostatic biopsy specimens. It seems to have no significant influence on total and percent free serum PSA. However, prostatic size seems to be the major contributor.     

前列腺结石与良性前列腺增生患者前列腺体积的相关性研究

目的探讨前列腺结石与前列腺增生症患者前列腺体积的相关性。方法回顾性分析本院2012年1月至2013年12月出院诊断为良性前列腺增生的患者392例,根据经直肠前列腺彩超结果将患者分为前列腺结石阴性组与阳性组,比较两组的年龄、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)、前列腺总体积、内腺体积以及各经线之间有无差别。结果结石阴性组与结石阳性组前列腺总体积(TPV)、总体积宽径(TPV-b)、内腺体积宽径(TZV-b)差别有统计学意义(P0.05);结石阴性组与结石阳性组的年龄、内腺体积(TZV)、血清总PSA(TPSA)密度以及其他各经线差别无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论前列腺结石与前列腺增生程度存在一定的内在关系,结石有可能促进前列腺组织的增生。     

Effect of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy on Prostate Specific Antigen

Purpose

We evaluated the effects of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL^*) of distal ureteral calculi on serum prostate specific antigen (PSA).

Materials and Methods

A total of 29 consecutive men with distal ureteral calculi at a maximum of 25 mm. from the ureteral orifice, and without any history of urinary tract infection, benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer underwent ESWL with the Dornier MPL 9000 × lithotriptor. The therapeutic focus size was 48 × 7 mm. PSA was measured exactly 5 minutes before ESWL, as well as 120 minutes, 24 hours and 7 days after termination of treatment.

Results

Fragmentation rate was 100 percent and all patients were stone-free within 1 week of therapy. There was no statistically significant difference between PSA values before and after treatment. Only 15 patients had a slight increase in PSA at 120 minutes after treatment (range 0.01 to 0.41 ng./ml., mean 0.07).

Conclusions

ESWL can be performed in men at risk for prostate cancer without impairing the predictive value of PSA.     

Successful complete androgen blockade (CAB) therapy for prostatic cancer detected from multiple lung metastases: a case report

Prostatic cancer is rarely diagnosed by detection of lung metastases. We report a case of prostatic cancer in a 73-year-old man detected by abnormalities in chest X-ray and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. He was initially admitted to our hospital due to elevation of PSA level. On the first transperineal prostatic needle biopsy, prostatic cancer was not detected and he was followed. Seven months after the first biopsy, chest X-ray revealed multiple abnormal nodules in the lung fields bilaterally and PSA level was again elevated. A second prostatic biopsy and whole-body examination were performed, and he was diagnosed with moderately differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma with multiple lung metastases. Complete androgen blockade therapy was performed immediately. Two months after the beginning of treatment, PSA level was normalized and the multiple lung metastases had completely disappeared. There has been no evidence of recurrence or PSA relapse 24 months after detection of the prostatic cancer. This is the 26th case of prostatic cancer diagnosed in Japan following detection of multiple lung metastases.     

Daily variability in human serum prostate-specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase: a comparative evaluation

The daily variation of serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was investigated simultaneously in 10 patients with osseous metastatic prostatic cancer, 10 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 10 volunteers without prostatic disease. Duplicate serum samples were obtained from all patients on the same day at 8 AM, 12 PM, 4 PM, and 8 PM. Statistical analysis (two-factor analysis of variance comparing time period to disease group) of the mean PSA and PAP levels at the four sampling times on all patient groups demonstrated no evidence of circadian rhythmic variation or any other distinct pattern for the observed sample times. Overall, the variability in PSA levels was significantly less than that observed for PAP. There was no significant difference in mean percent variation between patient groups (cancer, benign, and normal prostate glands) for both the PSA and PAP assays. Our data reveal that serum PSA measurements fluctuate unpredictably over the course of a day in patients with and without prostatic disease, but to a lesser extent than that seen for serum PAP values. These findings illustrate the potential inaccuracy of single determinations of serum PAP or PSA levels for monitoring disease recurrence and treatment response in patients with prostate cancer.