三维超声心动图评价房间隔缺损患者右心室功能

目的应用三维超声心动图(3-DE)评价房间隔缺损患者(ASD)右心室功能.方法采用3-DE圆盘总合法测量22例ASD(ASD组)患者右室功能,与20例正常人(对照组,CON组)心功能作了对比,并探讨了ASD患者中的14 例手术者(手术组)手术前后右心室功能情况.结果 ASD组RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均大于CON组,RVEF则明显低于CON组.同时发现ASD组RVEF与Qp/Qs呈中度负相关(r＝-0.53,P＜0.05).ASD组手术后RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均较术前明显减小,RVEF较术前明显增加.结论 ASD患者右心室功能确有减退,且与分流量有关,手术修补ASD可以使心功能得到改善并防止心功能持续恶化.     

中老年房间隔缺损患者经皮穿刺封堵术后的右心功能评估

目的通过智能三维右心室模型重建(3DKBR)技术对右心功能参数的监测,探讨中老年房间隔缺损患者介入封堵术后右心室逆重构情况。方法对成功施行经皮穿刺ASD封堵的50例中老年患者进行研究。所有患者于术前及术后1个月,1、1.5年行经胸超声心动图检查,应用Ventripoint医疗操作系统(VMS)中的智能重建软件(KBR软件)对比分析封堵前及术后1年的右室收缩末期容积(RVESV)、舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、每搏量(RVSV)、射血分数(RVEF)、肺动脉收缩压(SPAP)及三尖瓣反流等右心功能参数,统计施行经皮穿刺ASD封堵的中老年患者的右心逆重构情况。结果 50例ASD封堵术后中老年患者中,42例发生右室逆重构,8例右室重构。右室逆重构组患者房缺平均大小为(15.26±3.98)mm,其右心容量相对重构组更轻,RVEDV及RVESV分别为(33.08±5.09)ml及(16.08±3.82)ml,肺动脉压力更低,三尖瓣反流更轻,两组差异有显著性(P0.05)。两组间的这种差异在术后1年超声随访时更为明显。结论中老年房间隔缺损患者经皮穿刺封堵术后的右心室存在逆重构现象。     

实时三维超声心动图观察右心室收缩功能：动物实验与临床研究

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图右心室功能4D RV-Function(4D-RVF)分析法评价正常人及房间隔缺损患者右心室收缩功能.方法 ①对10只离体新鲜猪心行实时三维容积成像(RT-3DE),分别用4D-RVF和心尖长轴8平面法(AL 8-plane)分析软件测量其右心室容积,将所测值再分别与实测值比较.②对93例正常人(NOR)和15例房间隔缺损(atrial septal defect,ASD)患者行实时三维全容积成像,应用4D RV-Function分析软件测量右心室舒张末期容积(RV-EDV)、收缩末期容积(RVESV),每搏输出量(RVSV)及射血分数(RVEF).结果 ①离体猪心4D-RVF法所测值较心尖长轴8平面法所测值与实测值更接近.相关性更好,相关系数分别为r1=0.93,r2=0.82.② 4D-RVF法测量正常组(NOR)的右心室参数各指标:RVEDV为(90.57±28.27)m1,RVESV为(38.32±14.18)ml,RVSV为(52.25±16.86)ml,RVEF 为(57.96±6.85)%.③ASD患者右心室收缩功能减低.结论 实时三维超声心动图右心室功能(4D-RVF)分析法可准确评价右心室收缩功能.     

实时三维超声心动图评价房间隔缺损伴轻、中度肺动脉高压患者右室功能

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)技术评价房间隔缺损(ASD)伴轻、中度肺动脉高压(PAH)患者行封堵介入术前后右室收缩功能.方法 63例ASD患者按PAH程度分为轻、中度组,并选取33例健康人作为对照组,运用RT-3DE技术测量ASD患者封堵术前、术后及健康人的右室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、收缩末期容积(RVESV)、每搏量(RVSV)、射血分数(RVEF).结果 (1)两组ASD患者术前的RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV、RVEF,术后RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均大于对照组(均P＜0.05). (2)两组ASD患者术后的RVEDV、RVESV、RVEF均小于术前(均P＜0.05).(3) ASD中度PAH组术前、术后的RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均大于轻度PAH组(均P＜0.05). (4) ASD合并轻度、中度PAH患者封堵术后的RVEF无明显差别.结论 RT-3DE可用于评价ASD患者封堵治疗前后右室功能;轻、中度肺动脉高压的ASD患者行介入封堵术后右室容积及收缩功能可在术后短期内得到改善.     

实时三维超声心动图检测房间隔缺损封堵术对右心室容积和瓣环运动影响

目的 采用实时三维超声心动图(TR-3DE)评价房间隔缺损(ASD)封堵术对右心房室结构和瓣环运动的影响。方法 收集37例经ASD封堵术封堵成功的继发孔型ASD患者,于术前1天、术后1个月和3个月行TR-3DE检查,分析并比较封堵术前后右心室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、右心室收缩末期容积(RVESV)、右心房舒张末期容积(RAEDV)、右心房收缩末期容积(RAESV)、右心室射血分数(RVEF)和三尖瓣环位移(TAD)差异,计算术后3个月RVEDV、RVESV、RAEDV、RAESV变化率,分析术后右心容积变化率与封堵器直径、房间隔心内膜垫残端与三尖瓣环位移的相关性。结果 封堵术后1个月和3个月RVEDV、RVESV、RAEDV、RAESV、RVEF和TAD均显著低于术前,术后3个月和1个月间差异亦有统计学意义。封堵器直径与RVEDV,RVESV,RAEDV和RAESV变化率均呈正相关(r=0.98、0.89、0.87、0.87,P<0.05),心内膜垫残端与三尖瓣环位移无明显相关性(r=0.18,P>0.05)。结论 ASD患者封堵术治疗后右心室容量及三尖瓣环位移较术前均明显减小,可通过TR-3DE进行有效检测。     

实时三维超声心动图评价法洛四联症患者右心室功能

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)检测法洛四联症(TOF)患者手术前、后右心室功能。方法 应用RT-3DE测量41例TOF患者手术前、后的右心室收缩末期容积(RVESV)和右心室舒张末期容积(RVEDV),计算右心室射血分数(RVEF)。比较术前、术后7天、术后3个月TOF患者RVESV、RVEDV和RVEF。结果 与术前相比,术后7天TOF患者RVEDV减小(P＜0.05)、RVEF明显降低(P＜0.01);与术后7天比较,术后3个月TOF患者RVEDV、RVESV及RVEF无明显变化(P均＞0.05)。结论 RT-3DE可以准确评价TOF患者的右心室功能。     

实时三维超声心动图评价轻度肺动脉高压患者右室功能的研究

目的 探讨应用三维超声心动图测量右室容积及射血分数评价轻度肺动脉高压患者右室功能的变化.方法 应用三维超声心动图及常规二维超声心动图测量40例轻度肺动脉高压患者以及20例正常人的右室收缩末期容积(RVESV)、右室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、右室每搏量(RVSV)、右室射血分数(RVEF).结果 正常组与肺动脉高压组二维超声测量RVESV、RVEDV、RVSV、RVEF进行比较,无统计学差异(P>0.05);正常组与肺动脉高压组三维超声测量RVESV、RVEDV、RVSV相比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);RVEF较对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 实时三维超声心动图能通过测量右室容积及射血分数来评价轻度肺动脉高压患者右室功能的变化.     

超声心动图评价慢性肺栓塞患者右心室重构的临床价值

目的探讨超声心动图评价慢性肺栓塞患者右心室重构的临床价值。方法 62例慢性肺栓塞患者作为观察组,60例健康人作为对照组,分别采用超声心动图检查,对比两组研究对象右心室横径(RV)、右心房横径(RA)、肺动脉主干内径(MPA)、肺动脉收缩压(SPAP)、右心室心肌机能指数(Tei)、右心室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、右心室收缩末期容积(RVESV)、右心室射血分数(RVEF)。结果观察组RV、RA、MPA、SPAP、RVEDV、RVESV均显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01),RVEF显著低于对照组(P0.01);观察组Tei指数显著低于对照组(P0.01),ICT+IRT显著长于对照组(P0.01),ET显著短于对照组(P0.01)。结论超声心动图检查可直接测量慢性肺栓塞患者右心房、右心室、肺动脉主干及其分支的血栓,了解右心功能变化,同时能够有效评价右心室大小、形态、压力,为右心室重构的诊断提供客观、丰富的信息。     

实时三维超声心动图对冠心病心绞痛患者右心功能的评估作用

目的分析实时三维超声心动图在冠心病心绞痛患者右心功能评估中的临床价值。方法选择2018年3月至2019年3月在我院接受治疗的冠心病心绞痛患者62例,设置为A组,另随机抽取我院同期61例健康体检者,设置为B组。比较两组研究对象及A组不同心功能分级患者的右心功能指标。结果 A组患者的RVEDV、RVESV、Am均高于B组,RVEF、Em、Em/Am均低于B组(P<0.05)。A组心功能Ⅲ~Ⅳ级患者的RVEDV、RVESV、Am高于心功能Ⅰ~Ⅱ级患者,RVEF、Em、Em/Am低于心功能Ⅰ~Ⅱ级患者(P<0.05)。结论实时三维超声心动图可作为冠心病心绞痛患者右心功能评估的有效方式。     

实时三维超声心动图对房间隔缺损合并肺动脉高压患者手术前后右心室功能的评价

【】目的应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)评估房间隔缺损(ASD)合并肺动脉高压(PAH)患者的右心室功能,探讨手术前、后右心室功能的变化情况。方法65例ASD患者按PHA程度分成轻、中、重度三组,并选取同一时期就诊的健康体检者为对照组 ,分别对ASD各组于手术前、后及对照组进行RT-3DE检查,应用TomTec 4D RV软件分析出右心室舒张末容积(RVEDV)、右心室收缩末容积(RVESV)、右心室每搏输出量(RVSV)、右心室射血分数(RVEF)、三尖瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)及右心室容积-时间曲线,进行相关分析。结果(1)三组术前RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均大于对照组(P＜0.05);轻、中度组术前RVEF、TAPSE均大于对照组(P＜0.05),重度组均小于对照组(P＜0.05)。(2)三组术后RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均大于对照组(P＜0.05),RVEF、TAPSE与对照组无差异(P＞0.05)。(3)三组术后RVEDV、RVESV、RVSV均小于术前(P＜0.05);轻、中度组术后RVEF、TAPSE均小于术前(P＜0.05),重度组均大于术前(P＜0.05)。结论RT-3DE可精准、快速、无创的评估ASD合并PAH患者手术治疗前、后右心室功能的变化。     

实时三维超声心动图对法洛四联症手术前后右室收缩功能分析

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)检测法洛四联症(TOF)手术前后右室收缩功能.方法 30例TOF患者常规二维超声心动图检查并确诊后,使用RT-3DE采集患者的右室全容积数据库,分析右室舒张末容量(RVEDV)、收缩末容量(RVESV),计算射血分数(EF).比较术前、术后12 d、术后3个月RVEDV、RVESV及EF值的变化.结果 30例患者中20%(6/30)患者术前右室EF低于50%,术后12 d收缩末容量较术前增加(P<0.05),EF值较术前减低(P<0.05),术后3个月RVEDV较术前增大(P<0.05).常规二维超声术后复查,70%患者(21/30)残留肺动脉分支狭窄,所有患者均存在肺动脉瓣反流.结论 RT-3DE能简便、准确地确定右室容积并计算右室收缩功能;TOF患者术后残留肺动脉分支狭窄及肺动脉瓣反流可能导致右室收缩功能下降.     

实时三维超声心动图评价右室收缩功能的初步临床研究

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)检测右室收缩功能,并与传统二维超声心动图对照,探讨该技术的可行性与准确性。方法 使用RT-3DE系统采集32例健康志愿者的右室“金字塔”型数据库,结合容积分析软件,采用心尖八平面法勾勒右室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)和收缩末期容积(RVESV),并计算右室每搏量(RVsV)和射血分数(RVEF);同时在M型超声心动图上测量右室游离壁三尖瓣环处的收缩期位移(TASE)、二维超声心动图上勾画右室面积变化分数(FAC),比较三维容积法测定的收缩指数与TASE、FAC间的相关性。结果 RT-3DE测量的RVSV、RVEF均与TASE呈显著正相关(r=0．90;r=0．83);RVEF与FAC之问呈正相关(r=0．63)。结论 实时三维超声容积成像能快速简便、准确无创地确定右室容积,为临床早期评估右心收缩功能提供了有力手段,具有极其广阔的发展前景。     

Improvement in right ventricular systolic function after surgical correction of isolated tricuspid regurgitation.

Chronic tricuspid regurgitation (TR) may lead to impairment in right ventricular (RV) function. Whether surgical correction results in restoration of normal RV geometry and function is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether surgical correction of TR results in improved RV geometry and function. Measurements of RV areas were made from digitized 4-chamber echocardiographic views. Right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV), right ventricular end-systolic volume (RVESV), and ejection fraction (EF) were calculated with the single-plane subtraction method. There was a significant decrease in RVEDV (109.06 +/- 12.45 versus 71.63 +/- 6. 83; P =.005) and RVESV (76.2 +/- 9.83 versus 44.5 +/- 5.58; P =.002) and a significant increase in RVEF (0.30 +/- 0.05 versus 0.38 +/- 0. 05; P =.01) at a mean follow-up of 130 +/- 63 days after surgery. These results demonstrate significant remodeling of the right ventricle with reduction in size and improved EF after tricuspid valve surgery.     

Assessment of right ventricular volumes and function using cardiovascular magnetic resonance cine imaging after atrial redirection surgery for complete transposition of the great arteries

Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is the reference standard for measurement of right ventricular (RV) volumes and function. To date, no study has compared methods of data acquisition and analysis by CMR for adults with a systemic RV. Our objective was to evaluate RV size and function using axial and short axis views in adults post atrial switch (Mustard) surgery. A total of 34 adults (20 male, mean age at CMR 32 ± 6 years) were identified at our centre. Volumes, RV end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) were measured in short axis and axial orientations by two independent experienced readers, blinded to clinical and CMR data. Intra and interobserver measurements in each view were compared using Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Although mean volumes were larger in the axial as compared with the short axis view [RVEDV 247 ± 67 vs. 233 ± 54 ml (p = 0.002) and RVESV 148 ± 54 vs. 136 ± 50 ml (p = 0.001)], mean RV ejection fractions (EF) were similar [41 ± 9 % vs. 43 ± 12 % (p = 0.13)]. Bland–Altman plots demonstrated better agreement for axial measures of RVEDV and right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) within and between observers. Similarly, ICC values were stronger for axial as compared with short axis volumes and function—intraobserver RVEDV 0.99 (0.98–0.99) versus 0.96 (0.92–0.98) and RVEF 0.96 (0.93–0.98) versus 0.90 (0.82–0.95); interobserver RVEDV 0.97 (0.94–0.98) versus 0.90 (0.73–0.95) and RVEF 0.85 (0.53–0.94) versus 0.82 (0.67–0.90). Axially derived measurements of RV volumes and function have better agreement and reproducibility as compared with short axis values; whereas axial volumes tend to be larger, RVEF is not significantly different between the two methods.     

Pressure overloaded right ventricles: a multicenter study on the importance of trabeculae in RV function measured by CMR

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is the preferred method to measure right ventricular (RV) volumes and ejection fraction (RVEF). This study aimed to determine the impact of excluding trabeculae and papillary muscles on RV volumes and function in patients with RV pressure and/or volume overload and healthy controls and its reproducibility using semi-automatic software. Eighty patients (pulmonary hypertension, transposition of the great arteries after arterial switch operation and after atrial switch procedure and repaired Tetralogy of Fallot) and 20 controls underwent short-axis multislice cine CMR. End diastolic volume (EDV), end systolic volume (ESV), RV mass and RVEF were measured using 2 methods. First, manual contour tracing of RV endo- and epi-cardial borders was performed. Thereafter, trabeculae were excluded from the RV blood volume using semi-automatic pixel-intensity based software. Both methods were compared using a Student T test and 25 datasets were re-analyzed for reproducibility. Exclusion of trabeculae resulted in significantly decreased EDV; ranging from ?5.7 ± 1.7 ml/m² in controls to ?29.2 ± 6.6 ml/m² in patients after atrial switch procedure. RVEF significantly increased in all groups, ranging from an absolute increase of 3.4 ± 0.8 % in healthy controls to 10.1 ± 2.3 % in patients after atrial switch procedure. Interobserver agreement of method 2 was equal to method 1 for RVEDV, RVESV and RVEF and superior for RV mass. In patients with overloaded RVs exclusion of trabeculae from the blood volume results in a significant change in RV volumes, RVEF and RV mass. Exclusion of trabeculae is highly reproducible when semi-automatic pixel-intensity based software is used.     

超声心动图在房间隔缺损经导管介入封堵术中的应用

目的评价超声心动图在房间隔缺损介入封堵术中的临床应用价值。方法于术前、术中,术后2d和2个月对61例房间隔缺损患者进行超声心动图检查,测量房间隔缺损的大小和位置,封堵器的位置和形态,右房和右室大小,右心功能和肺动脉内径。结果房间隔缺损封堵术后2d和2个月,房间隔封堵器的位置和形态正常。术后2d,右心房上下径和左右径、右室前后径、右室的舒张末期容积、每搏输出量、射血分数均较术前明显改善,P〈0.05。术后2个月右室的前后径、舒张末期容积、收缩末期容积、每搏输出量、射血分数较术前进一步改善,差异均有显著统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论超声心动图在封堵术前后及随访过程中不仅能评价封堵器的位置、形态和功能,还能有效地跟踪检测术后右心功能和肺动脉内径的情况,为房间隔缺损介入封堵术的效果和预后提供有效的评价手段。     

实时三维超声心动图评价酒精性心肌病患者右心室收缩功能

目的 应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)评价酒精性心肌病(ACM)患者右心室收缩功能的变化。方法 对30例ACM患者(ACM组)和30名正常人(对照组)分别进行常规超声及RT-3DE检查。常规超声测量参数包括左心室射血分数(LVEF)、右心室舒张末期面积(RVEDA)和收缩末期面积(RVESA),计算右心室面积变化分数(RVFAC);运用M型超声测量三尖瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE);RT-3DE测量参数包括右心室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、收缩末期容积(RVESV)、每搏量(RVSV)、射血分数(RVEF)。比较两组上述参数的差异,分析RVFAC、TAPSE与RVEF的相关性。结果 常规超声中,ACM组RVEDA和RVESA高于对照组,LVEF、RVFAC和TAPSE低于对照组(P均<0.05);RT-3DE中,ACM组RVEDV和RVESV高于对照组,RVEF低于对照组(P均<0.05),两组RVSV无明显差异(P>0.05)。RVFAC、TAPSE均与RVEF呈正相关(r=0.610、0.822,P均<0.05)。结论 RT-3DE能准确评价右心室收缩功能,具有一定临床应用价值。