Pica en enfermedad renal crónica avanzada: revisión de la literatura

Pica is an individual entity in the patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which phenomenon has not been widely studied despite the high reported prevalence. Moreover, pica complications (anemia, altered electrolytes, poor absorption of micro and macronutrients and malnutrition) could be exacerbated in CKD and limit the quality of renal replacement therapy.The intake of non-caloric and non-nutritional substances could be harmful and cause effects on satiety and metabolic / electrolyte imbalance and modify the biocompatibility of micronutrients, toxins and pathogens worsening health status.In daily practice, pica could be under-reported because patient's shame to recognize it, or fear that such behavior influences their treatment. Additionally, clinicians who not investigate the presence of pica or its complications contribute to the lack of information about the magnitude and relevance of this problem in CKD.     

Peniciliosis endobronquial: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Penicilliosis is an opportunistic infection in HIV-infected and other immunocompromised patients mostly in Southeast Asia, Southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, with respiratory manifestations in about one-third of patients. We report the case of a 26-year-old non-HIV immunocompromised patient presenting with an airway obstruction caused by penicilliosis, together with a review of the literature of this rare condition.     

Manifestaciones neurológicas de la enfermedad de Behçet: descripción de un caso y revisión de la literatura

Neurological involvement in Behçet's disease is rare, especially at the onset. It can present in the form of parenchymal changes or as damage to the vascular structures in its nonparenchymal form. The coexistence of both kinds of manifestations in the same patient is exceptional. We report the case of a 32-year-old patient with a history of deep venous thrombosis, who was being treated for holocranial headache, apathy, and oral and genital ulcers. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed hyperintense lesions in the basal ganglia and white matter, and the vascular study evidenced venous thrombosis of the left transverse sinus. After confirming the diagnosis of Behçet's disease with parenchymal and nonparenchymal cerebral involvement, immunosuppressive and corticosteroid therapy was started, resulting in the remission of the symptoms.     

Hidatidosis cerebral: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura

Echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the larval form of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. The cerebral affectation in the human is uncommon; only in 1–2% cases is observed encephalic involvement. This condition occurs mainly in the pediatric population and it is characterized by the presence of single and unilocular cysts. We report a case of a 29-year-old patient who came to the emergency department with a disabling headache of several weeks of evolution. In the brain imaging study a mass of unknown origin was visualized, finally it turned out to be a bilobed hydatid cyst. Regarding this case, the clinic-epidemiological, diagnostics and treatments aspects of cerebral hydatid disease will be reviewed.     

Arteritis de Takayasu tipo III en un paciente pediátrico. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura

Takayasu's arteritis (TA), also known as “pulseless disease”, is the third most common vasculitis in childhood. It is a chronic, idiopathic, granulomatous vasculitis that involves large vessels. It occurs most commonly in females with a 4:1 ratio over males; the average age of appearance is 26 years. Its cause is unknown.Here we report the case of a 7 year old girl, with type III TA according to the Numano classification, in the ischemic phase, treated with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents and early angioplasty due to the severity of the disease. The outcome was satisfactory.The diagnosis of TA in children under 10 years of age is made only in 2% of them. The delay in diagnosis reaches a mean of 19 months. The course of the disease is variable despite surgical and immunosuppressive treatment.     

Dermatomiositis-eritrodermia: presentación clínica no asociada a malignidad. Reporte de un caso

The association of erythroderma and dermatomyositis is rare. In 6 reported cases found by searching Pubmed, half of them were associated with digestive tract neoplasms (stomach and liver). We report the case of a 69 years-old woman with bilateral proximal weakness, joint pain, photosensitivity, facial and heliotrope erythema lasting 18 months. One month prior to hospital admission she showed progressive dysphagia and a universal erythema and scaling that affected mucosa, palms and soles with an accompanying weight loss of 10 kg in 6 months. No malignancy was identified at any level despite an exhaustive search.     

Carcinoma basocelular de la región perianal: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

The literature reports an annual incidence of 5,900 cases of anal cancer in the developed countries. These involve three different anatomic zones: carcinoma of the anal canal, perianal carcinoma (formerly known as carcinoma of the anal margin, located at a distance of less than 5 cm from the anal margin), and carcinoma of the perianal skin (at a distance greater than 5 cm from the anal margin). Basal cell carcinoma of the perianal region is an uncommon tumor (0.27% of all diagnosed basal cell carcinomas) that in the majority of cases is treated by resection with disease-free margins. It must be differentiated from the basaloid and epidermoid variants of carcinoma, given that it has good outcome and its spread potential is practically null.     

Artropatía destructiva de grandes articulaciones y calcinosis tumoral asociada a oxalosis primaria: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura

A case of destructive arthropathy of hips and shoulders with tumoral calcinosis associated with calcium oxalate deposits in a patient with primary oxalosis and end stage renal disease on hemodialysis.