高敏C反应蛋白动态变化与高血压脑出血患者病情的关系

目的分析高血压脑出血患者治疗过程中血浆高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)值的变化与病情的关系。方法分析47例高血压脑出血患者的临床资料,患者入院1~2d内查高敏C反应蛋白,治疗7d后复查对比。结果 47例患者入院1~2d血浆hs-CRP与入院7d比较(18.78±22.76mg/L vs 25.10±21.71mg/L,P=0.203 9);非手术者37例入院1~2d与7d比较(11.01±12.55mg/L vs 16.17±11.03mg/L,P=0.091 8),手术者10例入院1~2d与7d血浆hs-CRP比较(47.52±28.32mg/L vs 48.32±25.78 mg/L,P=0.890 8),手术者与非手术者入院1~2d血浆hs-CRP比较(47.52±28.32mg/L vs 11.01±12.55 mg/L,P=0.003 7),手术者与非手术者7d血浆hs-CRP(48.32±25.78 mg/L vs 16.17±11.03mg/L,P=0.003 2)。结论高血压脑出血患者治疗过程中血浆hs-CRP值动态变化与患者病情严重程度相关,手术组入院1~2d和7d血浆hs-CRP值明显高于非手术组,P0.01,说明血浆hs-CRP可作为判断患者病情严重程度监测指标之一。     

超敏C-反应蛋白、白细胞介素18与青年缺血性脑卒中后焦虑的相关性

目的探讨血清超敏C-反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-18(interleukin-18,IL-18)水平与青年缺血性脑卒中后焦虑的关系。方法选取首次发病的确诊的青年缺血性脑卒中患者49例(脑卒中组),以健康体检者53例为健康对照(对照组),分别于入院后1d、7d、14d和21d检测hs-CRP及IL-18水平,3周后使用汉密尔顿焦虑量表对患者进行焦虑评分。根据该评分将患者分为脑卒中后焦虑组和脑卒中后非焦虑组,比较脑卒中组与对照组及脑卒中后焦虑组与非焦虑组hs-CRP及IL-18水平的差异。结果脑卒中组hs-CRP水平在入院1d〔(9.55±2.53)mg/L vs.(1.25±0.18)mg/L,t=22.89,P=0.008〕、7d〔17.31±4.83)mg/L vs.(0.78±0.23)mg/L,t=23.92,P=0.005〕、14d〔(15.56±3.67)mg/L vs.(1.34±0.30)mg/L,t=27.10,P=0.007〕、21d(13.28±2.96)mg/L vs.(0.85±0.34)mg/L,t=21.90,P=0.003〕均高于对照组。脑卒中后焦虑组hs-CRP水平在入院7d〔(19.43±2.17)mg/L vs.(14.56±1.83)mg/L,t=8.38,P=0.004〕、14d〔(17.85±2.75)mg/L vs.(13.21±2.94)mg/L,t=5.45,P=0.001〕和21d〔(14.08±1.86)mg/L vs.(9.78±2.67)mg/L,t=6.02,P=0.003〕时高于脑卒中后非焦虑组。与对照组比较,脑卒中组血清IL-18水平在入院7d〔(19.68±3.23)mg/L vs.(17.34±1.86)mg/L,t=4.32,P=0.006〕、14d〔(22.68±2.65)mg/L vs.(16.68±2.48)mg/L,t=11.53,P=0.002〕和21d〔(27.74±4.96)mg/L vs.(15.74±3.12)mg/L,t=14.03,P=0.001〕时均升高。脑卒中后焦虑组IL-18水平在入院7d〔(21.77±3.56)mg/L vs.(18.85±3.44)mg/L,t=2.82,P=0.007〕、14d〔(25.57±2.54)mg/L vs.(22.13±2.71)mg/L,t=4.15,P=0.002〕和21d〔(29.35±4.14)mg/L vs.(26.79±4.98)mg/L,t=4.15,P=0.002〕时高于非焦虑组。在7d、14d、21d时,焦虑组与非焦虑组患者炎性因子hs-CRP、IL-18水平均明显高于对照组(均P0.01)。结论脑卒中后焦虑可能与hs-CRP、IL-18高水平有关。     

血浆高敏C反应蛋白水平与脑卒中预后

目的 探讨血浆高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平与脑卒中预后的关系.方法 在湖北省4个研究中心共收集290例初发脑卒中患者和与其性别、年龄相匹配的非脑血管疾病对照人群290例,检测其血浆hsCRP水平,并进行5年随访研究,分析血浆hsCRP水平与其预后的关系.结果 脑卒中患者血浆hsCRP水平显著高于对照组[分别为(3.3±3.8)和(1.3±2.2)mg/L,t=8.048,P<0.01];脑卒中组在5年随访中发生再发脑卒中、心肌梗死和死亡事件者血浆hsCRP水平与未发生事件者差异有统计学意义[分别为(4.4±4.3)和(2.7±3.3)mg/L,t=3.496,P<0.01];脑卒中患者血浆hsCRP水平超过3 mg/L者较hsCRP水平低于1 mg/L者发生死亡或心脑血管事件的相对危险为2.807(95%Cl1.544～5.495,P<0.01).即使在排除年龄、性别、体重指数、血脂水平以及高血压、糖尿病、吸烟等病史的影响,脑卒中患者血浆hsCRP水平>3 mg/L时,其发生再发脑卒中、心肌梗死和死亡的危险显著高于hsCRP水平<1 mg/L者(OR 2.661,95%Cl 1.323～5.352,P=0.006).结论 血浆hsCRP水平与脑卒中患者的预后密切相关,提示炎症反应在脑卒中起着重要作用,因此可能作为脑卒中患者预后评估的有效标志物.     

精神分裂症血清补体C3、C4、超敏C-反应蛋白及尿酸水平变化

目的探讨精神分裂症(schizophrenia,SZ)患者血清补体C3(complement component 3,C3)、C4(complement component 4,C4)、超敏C-反应蛋白(high sensitivity C reactive protein,hs-CRP)和尿酸(uric acid,UA)的水平变化及其临床意义。方法选择144例SZ患者为SZ组,并根据4周内有无服用抗精神病药物分为治疗组(77例)和停药组(67例),另选择同期来湘雅二医院的健康体检者147例为健康对照组。采用免疫散射比浊法、胶乳增强免疫比浊法、尿酸氧化酶法分别测定各组血清补体C3、C4、hs-CRP和UA浓度,并比较分析。结果 SZ组患者血清补体C3、C4水平低于对照组[(0.99±0.17)g/L vs.(1.03±0.17)g/L、(0.21±0.05)g/L vs.(0.23±0.05)g/L],UA水平高于对照组[(351.61±95.90)μmol/L vs.(300.28±39.57)μmol/L],差异有统计学意义(分别P0.05,P0.05,P0.001)。治疗组患者血清补体C3、C4、hs-CRP和UA水平较停药组均升高[(1.04±0.19)g/L vs.(0.95±0.15)g/L、(0.22±0.06)g/L vs.(0.20±0.05)g/L、1.08(0.33,5.04)mg/L vs.0.47(0.28,1.29)mg/L、(374.54±108.33)μmol/L vs.(331.61±79.03)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。治疗组患者血清hs-CRP和UA浓度较对照组均升高[1.08(0.33,5.04)mg/L vs.0.61(0.33,1.26)mg/L、(374.54±108.33)μmol/L vs.(300.28±39.57)μmol/L],差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论 SZ患者血清C3、C4、hs-CRP和UA的水平变化对SZ临床诊断和抗精神病药物疗效评估有一定指导意义。     

急性腔隙性脑梗死患者血清C反应蛋白和白介素-8水平的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨急性腔隙性脑梗死患者血清高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-8水平(IL-8) 的变化及其在发病机制中的作用.方法 分别检测36例腔隙性脑梗死和36例脑梗死患者及36例健康对照者血清hs-CRP和IL-8含量.结果 腔梗组和脑梗组hs-CRP含量分别为(10.42±0.68)mg/L和(18.45±1.28)mg/L,均显著高于对照组的(1.28±0.47)mg/L(P<0.01),CI组hs-CRP含量亦显著高于健康对照组(P<0.01);腔梗组和脑梗组IL-8含量分别为(29.65±18.24)ng/ml和(36.57±19.01)ng/ml,显著高于对照组的(25.98±16.87)ng/ml(P<0.01).在脑梗患死者中,大面积脑梗死组(≥9ml,n=16)hs-CRP为(21.36±1.48)mg/L,显著高于小面积脑梗死组(<9ml,n=20)的(15.30±0.97)mg/l(P<0.01),2组IL-8含量分别为(38.1±19.87)ng/ml和(33.45±18.67)ng/mL,差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 炎症过程参与了脑小血管病变;hs-CRP和IL-8水平与脑缺血程度以及脑的小血管病变范围密切相关.hs-CRP 及IL-8是预测脑梗死患者病情严重程度的重要生化指标.     

糖化血红蛋白及高敏C反应蛋白与脑梗死急性期患者颈动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的 探讨脑梗死急性期患者糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系. 方法 连续收集广州医学院第二附属医院神经内科自2010年1月1日至12月31日收治的110例脑梗死急性期患者(急性脑梗死组)和同期98例健康体检者(正常对照组),通过颈动脉彩超测量颈总动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)并根据其值将脑梗死组分为3个亚组(正常组、轻度粥样硬化组、重度粥样硬化组),同时观察有无颈动脉斑块形成;全自动生化仪器检测HbA1c、hs-CRP水平. 结果 与正常对照组相比,急性脑梗死组HbA1c、hs-CRP水平[(4.8±0.3)％vs(5.9±0.6)％;(0.78±0.11) mg/Lvs(3.25±0.72) mg/L]明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).轻度粥样硬化组HbA1c水平[(5.1±0.5)％]明显高于正常组[(4.3±0.3)％],重度粥样硬化组HbA1c、hs-CRP水平[(7.1±0.9)％;(1.37±1.5)mg/L]高于正常组、轻度粥样硬化组[(1.11±1.1) mg/L;(1.02±0.3) mg/L].脑梗死急性期患者颈动脉IMT值与HbA1c、hs-CRP水平及二者乘积均呈明显正相关关系(r=0.437,P=0.000;r=0.215,P=0.000; r=0.729,P=0.000). 结论 糖耐量异常和炎症的联合作用与脑梗死急性期患者颈动脉粥样硬化有一定的相关性.     

急性腔隙性脑梗死患者血清C-反应蛋白和白介素-8水平的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨急性腔隙性脑梗死患者血清高敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素-8水平(IL-8) 的变化及在发病机制中的作用.方法 分别检测36例腔隙性脑梗死、36例脑梗死和36例健康对照者血清hs-CRP和IL-8含量.结果 腔梗组和脑梗组hs-CRP含量分别为(10.42±0.68)、(18.45±1.28)mg/L,均显著高于对照组的(1.28±0.47)mg/L(P＜0.01),CI组hs-CRP含量亦显著高于健康对照组(P＜0.01);腔梗组和脑梗组IL-8含量分别为(29.65±18.24)、(36.57±19.01)ng/ml,显著高于对照组的(25.98±16.87)ng/ml(P＜0.01),在脑梗患者中,大面积脑梗死(≥9ml)hs-CRP为(21.36±1.48)mg/L,显著高于小面积脑梗死组(<9ml)的(15.30±0.97)mg/L(P＜0.01),2组IL-8含量分别为(38.1±19.87)、(33.45±18.67)ng/ml,差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 炎症过程参与了脑小血管病变;hs-CRP和IL-8水平与脑缺血程度以及脑的小血管病变范围密切相关.hs-CRP 及IL-8是预测脑梗死患者病情严重程度的重要生化指标.     

急性脑梗死与CysC及hs-CRP相关性的研究

目的分析和探讨急性脑梗死患者与血清胱抑素()及超敏反应蛋白(tivity c-reactive protein,hs-CRP)的相关性。方法对比研究122例急性脑梗死患者与160名健康对照组水平。Cys C及hs-CRP水平。结果两组研究对象的血清Cys C水平的测定:脑梗死组为(1.25±0.29)mg/L,对照组为(0.84±0.12)mg/L(P=0.000)。两组研究对象的hs-CRP的测定:脑梗死组为(4.39±3.21)mg/L,健康对照组为(0.71±0.31)mg/L(P=0.000)。Cysc、Hs-CRP脑梗死组与对照组差异有统计学意义。结论急性脑梗死CISS分型中粥样硬化血栓形成由于血管损伤及炎症反应致Cys C及hs-CRP水平升高,与急性脑梗死呈正相关。     

进展性脑梗死患者血清超敏C反应蛋白水平的变化及其临床意义

目的探讨进展性脑梗死患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的变化及其临床意义。方法检测63例脑梗死患者(25例进展性脑梗死、38例完全性脑梗死)和73名健康对照者(正常对照组)的血清hs-CRP含量。结果脑梗死患者的血清hs-CRP水平[(5.69±3.78)mg/L]明显高于正常对照组[(0.85±0.47)mg/L](P<0.01);进展性脑梗死组血清hs-CRP水平[(7.55±4.25)mg/L]明显高于完全性脑梗死组[(4.52±2.96)mg/L](P<0.01)。结论脑梗死患者血清hs-CRP水平明显升高,进展性脑梗死患者较完全性脑梗死患者血清hs-CRP水平升高更明显;提示hs-CRP参与了脑梗死的发生与发展过程。     

超敏C反应蛋白预测幕上自发性脑出血早期血肿扩大的临床研究

目的探讨血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的水平对于幕上自发性脑出血早期血肿扩大的预测价值。方法于入院时及入院24 h对86例急性幕上自发性脑出血患者行头颅CT,根据有无早期血肿扩大将患者分为早期血肿扩大组及血肿稳定组。采用免疫透射比浊法检测患者的血清hs-CRP水平。结果根据有无早期血肿扩大将患者分为早期血肿扩大组22例及血肿稳定组64例。早期血肿扩大组[(52.75±27.59)mg/L]的血清hs-CRP水平明显高于血肿稳定组[(19.69±11.56)mg/L](P0.01)。经Spearman相关分析显示,血清hs-CRP水平与早期血肿扩大呈正相关(r=0.544,P0.01)。早期血肿扩大的ROC曲线下面积为0.860(95%CI:0.752~0.968,P0.0001)。Youden指数显示,敏感性和特异性分别为91%和58%,hs-CRP16.65 mg/L为最佳。结论血清hs-CRP水平可以预测幕上自发性脑出血早期血肿扩大,16.65 mg/L为最佳,且敏感性较高。     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

Release of endogenous catecholamines from slices of hypothalamus of rats

The release of endogenous catecholamines from superfused slices of rat hypothalamus was studied under basal conditions and during release evoked by 40 mM K⁺. Catecholamines in superfusates, and in extracts of the tissue after stimulation, were isolated by column chromatography and quantitated by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Norepinephrine (NE) was not consistently demonstrable in superfusate collected under basal conditions, but 40 mM K⁺ caused the release of from 2 to 4 ng/g of tissue per min. The addition of cocaine to the superfusate caused increases in basal and evoked release of NE. Epinephrine (E) could be measured in superfusates of slices from male but not female rats and then only when cocaine was added to the superfusate. Accordingly, the concentration of E in hypothalamus was greater in male rats than in female rats. Dopamine (DA) was not consistently measurable in the spontaneous overflow from slices either in the presence or absence of cocaine. K⁺-evoked release of DA could be demonstrated in slices from female rats. The addition of cocaine increased the evoked release of DA from slices from both sexes. Corticosterone, added to cocaine, had no effects on the efflux of any of the catecholamines. The experiments suggest that neuronal reuptake of all catecholamines is very efficient in the hypothalamus both under basal conditions and during evoked release.     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的:比较阿立哌唑与利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法:60例精神分裂患者随机平分为两组各30例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗。疗程8周。用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑与利培酮均能显著提高精神分裂症患者生活质量,但阿立哌唑在改善GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康及社会功能维度优于利培酮。结论:阿立哌唑治疗有利于提高精神分裂症患者生活质量。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

他汀类药物的使用和颅内动脉瘤破裂相关性分析

目的 探讨他汀类药物对颅内动脉瘤破裂的影响。方法 2010年3月至2014年3月收治颅内囊状动脉瘤67例,其中破裂者32例,未破裂者35例。采用多变量Logistic回归评估他汀类药物的使用和颅内动脉瘤破裂的关系。结果 破裂组术前使用他汀类药物4例（12.5%,4/32）,未破裂组16例（45.7%,16/35）。破裂组服用他汀类药物的百分比显著低于未破裂组（P<0.01）。纠正潜在的混杂干扰后（or值: 0.30,95%可信空间:0.12~="" 0.64）显示,颅内动脉瘤破裂与他汀类药物的使用呈显著负相关,也与高血清总胆固醇浓度有关。结论 本结果提示他汀类药物对颅内动脉瘤破裂有一定的预防效果。