尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性后循环脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉注射液治疗急性后循环脑梗死的疗效。方法将95例急性后循环脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组(尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉)45例和对照组(单用依达拉奉)40例,分别于入院时和治疗后14 d、28 d进行临床神经功能缺损程度(NIHSS)评分,治疗后90 d进行Barthel指数评分;分别在治疗前后测血液流变学并行经颅多普勒(TCD)检查。结果 2组治疗后14 d及28 d神经功能缺损评分均有明显改善,但治疗组与对照组的NIHSS、Barthel指数、血液流变学、TCD变化等比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉可增加急性后循环脑梗死患者的脑血流,改善微循环,并有助于急性后循环脑梗死患者的神经功能恢复。     

依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的临床观察

目的探讨对急性脑梗死患者应用依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗的临床疗效,评价其安全性。方法选取2013-05-2015-05我院神经内科收治的68例急性脑梗死患者,按治疗方法不同分为观察组(34例,依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗)和对照组(34例,单用依达拉奉治疗),对比2组患者的临床治疗效果及不良反应发生情况。结果 2组患者治疗前C反应蛋白水平、神经功能缺损评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后C反应蛋白水平、神经功能缺损评分及不良反应总发生率均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死患者,疗效确切,安全可靠,可改善预后,值得推广。     

尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效及对炎症介质水平的影响

目的探讨尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果以及治疗前后的炎症介质水平。方法选取2011—2013年我院收治的急性脑梗死患者80例,随机分为2组,分别给予依达拉奉治疗与依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗。结果治疗2周后观察组有效率显著高于对照组,2组治疗后NIHSS评分与血清CRP相比治疗前均明显改善,观察组改善更为显著。结论尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死效果良好,明显改善患者神经功能,降低血清CRP水平,改善预后。     

依达拉奉联合降纤酶治疗脑梗死临床疗效观察

目的 观察依达拉奉联合降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果及安全性.方法 90例急性脑梗死患者随机分为2组,分别采用降纤酶及依达拉奉联合降纤酶治疗,以疗程3d、7d、14d神经功能缺损程度评分观察疗效.结果 2组病人疗程3d、7d、14d神经功能缺损程度评分及疗效差异有统计学意义.结论 依达拉奉联合降纤酶治疗急性脑梗死安全有效.     

尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗进展性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗进展性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法进展性脑梗死85例随机分为尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗组(n=45例)和对照组(n=40例),2组均给予抗凝、抗血小板、活血化瘀、神经康复等治疗。治疗组同时给予0.9%生理盐水100mL+0.15PNAU尤瑞克林静滴,1次/d,连用7～14d,给予依达拉奉针30mg+糖水或盐水100mL静滴,2次/d,连用2周,于治疗前后评定神经功能缺损程度(NIHSS)、日常生活活动能力(ADL)和临床疗效。结果治疗后2组患者的神经功能缺损、日常生活活动能力均有改善,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组临床有效率91.11%,近期治愈率55.55%,显著高于对照组(P<0.01),且无明显不良反应。结论尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗进展性脑梗死疗效较好,且无明显不良反应,值得进一步观察探讨。     

依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗急性脑梗死的疗效

目的 探讨依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗急性脑梗死的疗效.方法 120例进展型脑梗死随机分为纳络酮组(对照组)和依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗组(治疗组).分别对两组治疗前、治疗14 d后的神经功能缺损及临床疗效进行评价.结果 两组治疗后14 d的神经功能缺损较治疗前均有显著改善P＜0.01,治疗组与对照组比较有显著性差异P＜0.01.治疗14 d后临床疗效评价治疗组总有效率(85%)较对照组(71.67%)有显著性差异P＜0.01.结论 依达拉奉联合纳络酮治疗急性脑梗死能保护脑细胞,有效改善神经功能.     

尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的探讨尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及安全性。方法将60例急性脑梗死患者随机分成2组,治疗组30例,在常规治疗基础上加用尤瑞克林0．15PNA静滴,1次／d,依达拉奉30mg加生理盐水100ml静滴,2次／d。对照组30例,在常规治疗基础上用血塞通0．4g加生理盐水250ml静滴,1次／d。2周后行疗效评定。结果治疗组有效率91％,对照组有效率80％。结论尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效肯定,有效改善急性脑梗死的神经功能缺失,且不良反应少。     

依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的探讨依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法在嵩县人民医院神经内科2014-07—2016?10诊治的急性脑梗死患者中抽取72例为研究对象,随机分为2组,治疗组(n=36)采取依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗,对照组(n=36)应用常规综合治疗,对比2组临床疗效、神经功能变化。结果治疗组总有效率94.4%,高于对照组的77.8%(P0.05);治疗前,2组NIHSS评分对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组NIHSS评分明显低于对照组(P0.01);治疗组生活质量评分(90.1±1.4)分,高于对照组的(76.3±4.7)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效确切,可有效改善其神经功能。     

尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的探讨尤瑞克林联合依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法以64例急性脑梗死患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和实验组各32例。对照组给予依达拉奉治疗,实验组在给予依达拉奉治疗的基础上注射尤瑞克林。对比2组疗效。结果对照组总有效率为75.0%,实验组总有效率为93.7%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,2组神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)均有明显改善(P0.05),实验组效果明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论尤瑞克林和依达拉奉对急性脑梗死均有良好治疗效果,两者联合使用可显著改善患者神经功能。     

依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的应用依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗急性脑梗死进行疗效对比。方法于治疗前及治疗7 d、14 d分别进行神经功能缺损程度评分、临床疗效评价。结果依达拉奉组明显优于对照组,治疗组总有效率86.7%,对照组63.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗急性脑梗死,能更好的改善临床症状,促进缺损神经功能康复。     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

腺垂体功能减退症临床特征变化分析

目的探讨腺垂体功能减退症患者的病因结构变化及临床表现。方法回顾性分析我院2013-01—2016-12住院及门诊78例腺垂体功能减退症患者的临床资料。结果男32例(41.03%),女46例(58.97%);诊断时年龄11~89岁,平均62.5岁;鞍区占位(包括术前及术后)52例(66.67%),席汉综合征8例(10.26%),空泡蝶鞍9例(11.65%),病因不明8例(10.26%),垂体-下丘脑发育不良1例(1.28%)。首次就诊科室:纳差厌食、恶心呕吐就诊于消化内科36例(46.15%)最常见。ACTH+TSH+Gn+G激素缺乏为19例最多,占24.36%,ACTH+TSH+Gn缺乏15例,占19.23%。结论腺垂体功能减退症病因结构发生变化,发病人群、首发症状及受累激素也不同,患者女性多于男性,发病年龄偏高,症状不典型,分布于临床多个科室,其中以低钠血症为首发临床表现就诊消化内科最多。     

Standards of instrumentation of EMG

Standardization of Electromyography (EMG) instrumentation is of particular importance to ensure high quality recordings. This consensus report on “Standards of Instrumentation of EMG” is an update and extension of the earlier IFCN Guidelines published in 1999. First, a panel of experts in different fields from different geographical distributions was invited to submit a section on their particular interest and expertise. Then, the merged document was circulated for comments and edits until a consensus emerged.The first sections in this document cover technical aspects such as instrumentation, EMG hardware and software including amplifiers and filters, digital signal analysis and instrumentation settings. Other sections cover the topics such as temporary storage, trigger and delay line, averaging, electrode types, stimulation techniques for optimal and standardised EMG examinations, and the artefacts electromyographers may face and safety rules they should follow. Finally, storage of data and databases, report generators and external communication are summarized.     

Effects of prevention of afferentation of the development of the chick optic lobe

BONDY, S. C., M. E. HARRINGTON AND C. L. ANDERSON. Effects of prevention of afferentation on the developmentof the chick optic lobe. BRAIN RES. BULL. 3(5) 411–413, 1978.—The effects of unilateral extirpation of the right optic cup of the three-day incubated chick embryo upon the rate of synthesis and the stability of DNA in the non-innervated optic lobe, have been studied. This surgical procedure prevents innervation of the optic lobe contralateral to the removed eye, while the other optic lobe is normally innervated by retinal ganglion cells of the remaining eye. At the 20th day of incubation, the DNA content of the non-innervated lobe was below that of the paired lobe receiving normal innervation. This deficiency of cell number was caused by two events; death of an excess number of neurons formed early in embryogenesis and a reduced rate of glial proliferation in the later stages of incubation.     

Release of endogenous catecholamines from slices of hypothalamus of rats

The release of endogenous catecholamines from superfused slices of rat hypothalamus was studied under basal conditions and during release evoked by 40 mM K⁺. Catecholamines in superfusates, and in extracts of the tissue after stimulation, were isolated by column chromatography and quantitated by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Norepinephrine (NE) was not consistently demonstrable in superfusate collected under basal conditions, but 40 mM K⁺ caused the release of from 2 to 4 ng/g of tissue per min. The addition of cocaine to the superfusate caused increases in basal and evoked release of NE. Epinephrine (E) could be measured in superfusates of slices from male but not female rats and then only when cocaine was added to the superfusate. Accordingly, the concentration of E in hypothalamus was greater in male rats than in female rats. Dopamine (DA) was not consistently measurable in the spontaneous overflow from slices either in the presence or absence of cocaine. K⁺-evoked release of DA could be demonstrated in slices from female rats. The addition of cocaine increased the evoked release of DA from slices from both sexes. Corticosterone, added to cocaine, had no effects on the efflux of any of the catecholamines. The experiments suggest that neuronal reuptake of all catecholamines is very efficient in the hypothalamus both under basal conditions and during evoked release.     

《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》解读

2018年,国家卫生健康委员会等10部委联合发布《关于印发全国社会心理服务体系建设试点工作方案的通知》,四川省绵阳市被列为全国第一批试点地区。绵阳市人民政府依据《中华人民共和国精神卫生法》等相关法律法规和文件精神,结合前期调查研究和社会心理服务工作的试点实际,编制出台了《绵阳市社会心理服务工作管理办法》,并于2021年12月25日起施行。本文围绕社会心理服务的相关概念、办法总则、重点内容、保障措施等方面进行解读,以期为社会心理服务工作的规范、持续和有效开展提供参考。     

帕金森病运动症状进展分析

目的分析帕金森病(PD)患者运动症状进展特点。方法采用PD统一评分量表(UPDRS)Ⅲ对912例PD患者进行评估。结果与病程1年的患者比较,除病程1~2年的患者外,其他病程患者的UPDRSⅢ评分、强直分、姿势或步态异常分、轴性症状总分、言语分、步态分显著升高(均P0.05),病程5~6年及14年患者的震颤分,病程5~6年、7~8年、9~13年、14年患者的运动迟缓分、姿势分显著升高(P0.05~0.01)。轴性症状进展速度高于UPDRSⅢ评分。结论 PD患者病程早期UPDRSⅢ评分进展快,震颤症状进展独立于其他症状,轴性症状评分较UPDRSⅢ更敏感地反映疾病加重趋势。     

Frequency of accumulation of filaments in adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells of myelinated fibers of rat spinal roots

Summary The frequency of accumulation of 6-nm filaments in the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cells in the 6th lumbar dorsal and ventral roots was evaluated in 4-, 8-, 26- and 45-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The frequency was higher in 4- and 8-week-old (growing) rats than in 26- and 45-week old (mature) rats, and also higher in ventral than in dorsal roots in 4-, 8- and 26-week old rats. There were no clusters on certain groups of myelinated fibers according to the size of transverse axonal area, in both the ventral and dorsal roots. Therefore, this accumulation may reflect certain functions of the adaxonal cytoplasm of Schwann cell during natural growth and maturation of the axon and myelin sheath.     

阿立哌唑对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

目的:比较阿立哌唑与利培酮对精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响。方法:60例精神分裂患者随机平分为两组各30例,分别给予阿立哌唑和利培酮治疗。疗程8周。用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)、阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)及副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及不良反应。结果:阿立哌唑与利培酮均能显著提高精神分裂症患者生活质量,但阿立哌唑在改善GQOLI-74总分、躯体健康及社会功能维度优于利培酮。结论:阿立哌唑治疗有利于提高精神分裂症患者生活质量。     

Function of circle of Willis

Nearly 400 years ago, Thomas Willis described the arterial ring at the base of the brain (the circle of Willis, CW) and recognized it as a compensatory system in the case of arterial occlusion. This theory is still accepted. We present several arguments that via negativa should discard the compensatory theory. (1) Current theory is anthropocentric; it ignores other species and their analog structures. (2) Arterial pathologies are diseases of old age, appearing after gene propagation. (3) According to the current theory, evolution has foresight. (4) Its commonness among animals indicates that it is probably a convergent evolutionary structure. (5) It was observed that communicating arteries are too small for effective blood flow, and (6) missing or hypoplastic in the majority of the population. We infer that CW, under physiologic conditions, serves as a passive pressure dissipating system; without considerable blood flow, pressure is transferred from the high to low pressure end, the latter being another arterial component of CW. Pressure gradient exists because pulse wave and blood flow arrive into the skull through different cerebral arteries asynchronously, due to arterial tree asymmetry. Therefore, CW and its communicating arteries protect cerebral artery and blood–brain barrier from hemodynamic stress.