我国西里伯瑞列绦虫病报道病例分析

本文对我国西里伯瑞列绦虫病报告的病例进行了分析。17例病例主要分布在广东、广西、浙江、福建、湖南和江西等省；男、女病例分别为8例和9例；患者以1～5岁儿童多见（64．71％）；17例患者均以消化道症状，在粪便中排出虫体孕节为主诉；显微镜下检获虫卵，临床诊断并不困难；吡喹酮为治疗该病的首选药物，南瓜子和槟榔合用亦有疗效。     

Botulism in China

During the period 1958-1983, 986 outbreaks of botulism occurred in China, affecting 4,377 individuals and resulting in 548 deaths. The initial cases of botulism were found in Xinjiang province, where the incidence was highest. Outbreaks have occurred in all of the northern provinces and in some of the southern provinces of China. The toxin found most frequently in the northwest region of China was type A; in north China, type B; and in the northeast, type E. The most frequently offending food was home-made strong-smelling preserved bean curd, which was implicated in 74% of the outbreaks. The complex clinical manifestations of botulism can be grouped into those affecting the eyes, the mouth, the pharynx, and the skeletal muscles. Following the institution of effective methods of prevention and treatment, epidemics of botulism in China have been controlled and the mortality rate reduced from 41% (1950s) to 7.6% (1983).     

Diffuse panbronchiolitis in China

OBJECTIVE: Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a progressive inflammatory disease, well recognized in Japan, that is characterized by chronic sinusitis and obstructive small airway disease. A total of 40 patients with DPB in mainland China were reviewed in order to describe the epidemiology of DPB in China and to compare their clinical characteristics with those of cases reported in Japan. METHODOLOGY: A systematic search was conducted of the Chinese language literature published in mainland China from 1996 to 2003. The 40 subjects who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for DPB were retrospectively analysed for clinical, physiological, radiological, and pathological features and their geographic distribution. RESULTS: The 40 patients included in this study (31 male and nine female) were distributed in 12 provinces and three other cities in China. All presented with chronic cough, sputum production, and 32 had exertional dyspnoea. All but three had a history of sinusitis. Lung function assessment showed a mixed obstructive-restrictive pattern in 30 cases. CXR revealed diffuse fine nodular shadows in all patients. Human leukocyte antigen-B54 was positive in five patients (n = 12). A total of 30 (75%) patients had been misdiagnosed prior to their diagnosis of DPB being made. CONCLUSIONS: DPB is not rare in China but its incidence is relatively low. Poor recognition and/or genetic factors may be the reason. The clinical, radiographic and histological features of Chinese patients resemble those described in Japanese patients.     

Hypertension Studies in China

In China, hypertension (HT) prevalence increased from 7.7% in 1980 to over 11% in 1991. The higher prevalence of HT in the north and among urban populations may be due in part to higher body mass index (BMI) levels and dietary composition. Community control of HT has been organized since 1969. Reports from centers with a history of community control for over 10 years have indicated a 40% and 34% decrease respectively in the incidence of stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Sino-Monica Beijing Project shows that morbidity and mortality of stroke and coronary heart disease are higher in north China and urban centers, stroke is 4–8 times higher than coronary events. The trend from 1985–1989 was relatively steady. Although the mortality of stroke and AMI was decreasing, the case fatality rate remained high, and the rapid increase in the proportion of older population points to an urgent need for a nationwide prevention and control program.     

Capillaria hepatica in China

Capillaria hepatica(C.hepatica) is a parasitic nematode causing hepatic capillariasis in numerous mammals.Ecologic studies showed that the first hosts of C.hepatica were rodents,among which rats had relatively high infection rates,which explains why C.hepatica spreads globally.Anatomical studies showed that the liver was the principal site of colonization by these parasites and physical damage tended to occur.Although C.hepatica might lead to serious liver disorders,relevant clinical reports were rare,becau...     

Hypertension Studies in China

Hypertension accounts for 25–50% of all deaths in China each year and its prevalence has been found to be increasing for the past 20 years. Blood pressure surveys showed that urban populations had a higher prevalence as well as an earlier and more rapid rise in prevalence rates than rural populations. Northern and northeastern districts, and the more prosperous eastern part of China also had higher prevalence rates. Community control of hypertension has been organized since 1969, and an obvious leftward shift of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was noticed after 10 years of community control. Stroke is much more common than acute myocardial infarction, its annual incidence rate (130–160 per 100,000) being five fold higher (1). Based upon the above situations, an outline is given of the studies which have been carried out in China in the past 5 years.     

China Africa Industrial Forum

Held under the banner of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation,the China-Africa Industrial Forum(CAIF)is committed to promoting development and cooperation between China and African countries.It aims to encourage rapid and sound economic development in China as well as African countries and boost exchanges and cooperation in politics,the economy,culture,science and technology,and tourism.