共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 12 毫秒
1.
Changes in cartilage proteoglycans associated with calcification 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Summary The purposes of these experiments were to study the biosynthetic and postbiosynthetic relationships between proteoglycans
in noncalcified growth cartilage and calcified cartilage in metaphysis from the costochondral junctions of immature rabbits.
Based onin vivo experiments in which 35 S-sodium sulfate was injected into rabbits, it is shown that proteoglycans from the hypertrophic
region becomes part of the calcified cartilage matrix which is to be incorporated into the metaphysis. The proteoglycan aggregates
in the growth apparatus undergo partial disaggregation and degradation. There is approximately a 25% decrease in aggregation
from regions of the rib distal to the metaphyseal-growth plate junction (69%) to the region proximal to it (50%). In contrast,
in their final state in calcified cartilage, the proteoglycans are more completely disaggregated and the proteoglycans subunits
are smaller, as adjudged from gel chromatography. Control experiments indicate that although some artifactual disaggregation
is produced by the extraction process, it is not of the same magnitude as that seen in the actual isolation experiments nor
are the subunits reduced in size. 相似文献
2.
[目的]研究降钙素(calcitonin, CT)对骨性关节炎关节软骨退变和软骨下骨骨代谢的影响.[方法]30只3个月龄雌性日本大耳白兔随机分为三组,其中两组行右膝关节前交叉韧带切断术(anterior cruciate ligament transaction,ACLT),分为ACLT+CT组和ACLT+NS组,第3组为Sham组.ACLT+CT给予每日1次皮下注射降钙素5 IU/(kg·d),持续8周,ACLT+NS组给予同样剂量生理盐水.术后8周后处死所有动物.取股骨髁制成切片行MMP-13和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色.取胫骨近端制成硬组织切片行骨形态计量学检测.体外实验中,取兔膝关节软骨,经消化、培养,将第3代软骨细胞分三组:向IL-1β组加入人重组IL-1β(10 ng/ml). IL-1β+CT组加入人重组IL-1β (10 ng/ml)2 d后,再向培养液中加入CT(50 ng/ml).正常组不加任何诱导剂和干扰剂培养.然后行MMP-13、Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化检测和Realtime RT-PCR法检测.[结果]Sham组和ACLT+CT组软骨下骨骨小梁相对体积和厚度等均显著高于ACLT+NS组.Sham组和ACLT+CT组的Ⅱ型胶原的光密度值均显著高于ACLT+NS组,而MMP-13的光密度值显著低于ACLT+NS组(P<0.05).正常组和IL-1β+CT组的Ⅱ型胶原光密度值均显著高于IL-1β组而MMP-13的光密度值都显著低于IL-1β组(P<0.05).在正常组和IL-1β+CT组中Ⅱ型胶原的mRNA含量均显著高于IL-1β组而MMP-13的mRNA含量均显著低于IL-1β组(P<0.05).[结论]降钙素5 IU/(kg·d)皮下注射能够增加ACLT兔膝关节软骨Ⅱ型胶原的分泌和抑制MMP-13的表达,并可能通过调节软骨下骨的骨代谢和微结构来保护关节软骨; CT(50 ng/ml)能增加体外培养的含有IL-1β(10 ng/ml)的软骨细胞中Ⅱ型胶原的含量和抑制MMP-13分泌. 相似文献
3.
《Journal of orthopaedic research》2017,35(4):829-836
4.
Increased expression and activation of cathepsin K in human osteoarthritic cartilage and synovial tissues 下载免费PDF全文
Eiji Kozawa Xian Wu Cheng Hiroshi Urakawa Eisuke Arai Yoshihisa Yamada Shinji Kitamura Koji Sato Masafumi Kuzuya Naoki Ishiguro Yoshihiro Nishida 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2016,34(1):127-134
Few studies have analyzed Cathepsin K (CatK) expression in human osteoarthritic tissues. We investigated CatK expression and activation in human articular cartilage using clinical specimens. Human osteoarthritic cartilage was obtained during surgery of total hip arthroplasty (n = 10), and control cartilage was from that of femoral head replacement for femoral neck fracture (n = 10). CatB, CatK, CatL, CatS, and Cystatin C (CysC) expressions were evaluated immunohistochemically and by real‐time PCR. Intracellular CatK protein was quantified by ELISA. Intracellular CatK activity was also investigated. Osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes were strongly stained with CatK, particularly in the superficial layer and more damaged areas. CatB, CatL, CatS, and CysC were weakly stained. CatK mRNA expression was significantly higher in OA group compared to that in control group (p = 0.043), whereas those of CatB, CatL, CatS, and CysC did not differ significantly. Mean CatK concentration (4.83 pmol/g protein) in OA chondrocytes was higher than that (3.91 pmol/g protein) in control chondrocytes (p = 0.001). CatK was enzymatically more activated in OA chondrocytes as compared with control chondrocytes. This study, for the first time, revealed increased CatK expression and activation in human OA cartilage, suggesting possible crucial roles for it in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritic change in articular cartilage. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:127–134, 2016. 相似文献
5.
Alterations in structural macromolecules and chondrocyte deformations in lapine retropatellar cartilage 9 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection 下载免费PDF全文
Sang‐Kuy Han Ari P. Ronkainen Simo Saarakkala Lassi Rieppo Walter Herzog Rami K Korhonen 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2018,36(1):342-350
The structural integrity and mechanical environment of the articular cartilage matrix directly affect chondrocyte deformations. Rabbit models of early osteoarthritis at 9 weeks following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) have been shown to alter the deformation behavior of superficial zone chondrocytes in mechanically loaded articular cartilage. However, it is not fully understood whether these changes in cell mechanics are caused by changes in structural macromolecules in the extracellular matrix. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the proteoglycan content, collagen content, and collagen orientation at 9 weeks post ACLT using microscopic techniques, and relate these changes to the altered cell mechanics observed upon mechanical loading of cartilage. At 9 weeks following ACLT, collagen orientation was significantly (p < 0.05) altered and proteoglycan content was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the superficial zone cartilage matrix. These structural changes either in the extracellular or pericellular matrix (ECM and PCM) were also correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with chondrocyte width and height changes, thereby suggesting that chondrocyte deformation response to mechanical compression in early OA changes primarily because of alterations in matrix structure. However, compared to the normal group, proteoglycan content in the PCM from the ACLT group decreased less than that in the surrounding ECM. Therefore, PCM could play a key role to protect excessive chondrocyte deformations in the ACLT group. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:342–350, 2018. 相似文献
6.
7.
目的观察膝关节原发性骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)胫骨平台软骨和软骨下骨病理改变特点,对比内、外侧平台软骨和软骨下骨结构参数,探讨钙化层和软骨下骨在OA发病机制中的作用。方法取2009年10月-2011年5月行人工全膝关节置换术治疗的30例30膝原发性OA患者自愿捐赠的新鲜胫骨平台标本进行实验。其中男11例,女19例;年龄55~78岁,平均65.1岁。病程10~25年,平均16.6年;患膝内翻畸形1~23°,平均9.3°。大体观察胫骨平台后在内、外侧中央负重区取材,常规制备脱钙石蜡切片,行HE和番红O/固绿染色,观察关节软骨退变特点,参照Mankin评分标准评分并分期;观察钙化层及软骨下骨病理改变。应用Image Pro Plus 6.0图像分析软件测量软骨和软骨下骨结构参数,包括软骨全层(total articular cartilage,TAC)厚度、钙化层(articular calcified cartilage,ACC)厚度、ACC/TAC比值、软骨下骨板(subchondral bone plate,SCP)厚度以及骨小梁体积分数(trabecular bone volume,BV/TV)。结果大体观察内侧平台软骨退变较外侧严重,内侧平台软骨Mankin评分为(12.4±1.1)分,显著高于外侧平台的(8.3±1.6)分(t=12.173,P=0.000)。根据Mankin评分结果在60个标本中,14个为OA早期,可见软骨浅表层裂隙、潮线复制和软骨下骨增厚;19个为OA中期,可见软骨深层裂隙、多发软骨下骨吸收陷窝和明显增厚的软骨下骨;27个为OA晚期,可见软骨全层缺失、软骨内化骨和"象牙化"软骨下骨。软骨和软骨下骨结构参数测定示:内侧平台TAC厚度显著低于外侧平台,ACC/TAC比值、BV/TV及SCP厚度显著高于外侧平台,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。内、外侧平台ACC厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论钙化层和软骨下骨可能在OA发生与进展中发挥了重要作用。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Jun Pan Xiaozhou Zhou Wen Li John E. Novotny Stephen B. Doty Liyun Wang 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2009,27(10):1347-1352
Subchondral bone and articular cartilage play complementary roles in load bearing of the joints. Although the biomechanical coupling between subchondral bone and articular cartilage is well established, it remains unclear whether direct biochemical communication exists between them. Previously, the calcified cartilage between these two compartments was generally believed to be impermeable to transport of solutes and gases. However, recent studies found that small molecules could penetrate into the calcified cartilage from the subchondral bone. To quantify the real‐time solute transport across the calcified cartilage, we developed a novel imaging method based on fluorescence loss induced by photobleaching (FLIP). Diffusivity of sodium fluorescein (376 Da) was quantified to be 0.07 ± 0.03 and 0.26 ± 0.22 µm2/s between subchondral bone and calcified cartilage and within the calcified cartilage in the murine distal femur, respectively. Electron microscopy revealed that calcified cartilage matrix contained nonmineralized regions (~22% volume fraction) that are either large patches (53 ± 18 nm) among the mineral deposits or numerous small regions (4.5 ± 0.8 nm) within the mineral deposits, which may serve as transport pathways. These results suggest that there exists a possible direct signaling between subchondral bone and articular cartilage, and they form a functional unit with both mechanical and biochemical interactions, which may play a role in the maintenance and degeneration of the joint. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1347–1352, 2009 相似文献
11.
Kelly S. Santangelo Sarah A. Baker Gerard Nuovo Jonathan Dyce Jeffrey S. Bartlett Alicia L. Bertone 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2010,28(2):149-155
This study quantified and compared the transduction efficiencies of adenoviral (Ad), Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD)‐modified Ad, adeno‐associated viral serotype 2 (AAV2), and self‐complementary AAV2 (scAAV2) vectors within full‐thickness osteoarthritic (OA) and unaffected canine cartilage explants in vitro. Intraarticular administration of Ad and scAAV2 vectors was performed to determine the ability of these vectors to transduce unaffected guinea pig cartilage in vivo. Following explant exposure to vector treatment or control, the onset and surface distribution of reporter gene expression was monitored daily with fluorescent microscopy. At termination, explants were divided: one half was digested for analysis using flow cytometry; the remaining portion was used for histology and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Intact articular joints were collected for real‐time RT‐PCR and IHC to detect reporter gene expression following injection of selected vectors. Ad vector transduced focal areas along the perimeters of explants; the remaining vectors transduced chondrocytes across 100% of the surface. Greater mean transduction efficiencies were found with both AAV2 vectors as compared to the Ad vector (p ≤ 0.026). Ad and Ad‐RGD vectors transduced only superficial chondrocytes of OA and unaffected cartilage. Uniform reporter gene expression from AAV2 and scAAV2 was detected in the tangential and transitional zones of OA cartilage, but not deeper zones. AAV2 and scAAV2 vectors achieved partial and full‐thickness transduction of unaffected cartilage. In vivo work revealed that scAAV2 vector, but not Ad vector, transduced deeper zones of cartilage and menisci. This study demonstrates that AAV2 and scAAV2 are reliable vectors for use in cartilage in vitro and in vivo. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:149–155, 2010 相似文献
12.
Christoph Erggelet Michaela Endres Katja Neumann Lars Morawietz Jochen Ringe Kathrin Haberstroh Michael Sittinger Christian Kaps 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2009,27(10):1353-1360
The aim of our study was to evaluate the mid‐term outcome of a cell‐free polymer‐based cartilage repair approach in a sheep cartilage defect model in comparison to microfracture treatment. Cell‐free, freeze‐dried implants (chondrotissue®) made of a poly‐glycolic acid (PGA) scaffold and hyaluronan were immersed in autologous serum and used for covering microfractured full‐thickness articular cartilage defects of the sheep (n = 4). Defects treated with microfracture only served as controls (n = 4). Six months after implantation, cartilage implants and controls were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of type II collagen, histological staining of proteoglycans, and histological scoring. Histological analysis showed the formation of a cartilaginous repair tissue rich in proteoglycans. Histological scoring documented significant improvement of repair tissue formation when the defects were covered with the cell‐free implant, compared to controls treated with microfracture. Immunohistochemistry showed that the cell‐free implant induced cartilaginous repair tissue and type II collagen. Controls treated with microfracture showed marginal formation of a mixed‐type repair tissue consisting of cartilaginous tissue and fibro‐cartilage. Covering of microfractured defects with the cell‐free polymer‐based cartilage implant is suggested to be a promising treatment option for cartilage defects and improves the regeneration of articular cartilage. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1353–1360, 2009 相似文献
13.
《Journal of orthopaedic research》2017,35(4):858-867
14.
Simon Y. Tang Richard B. Souza Michael Ries Paul K. Hansma Tamara Alliston Xiaojuan Li 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2011,29(9):1312-1319
The objective of this study is to examine the local relationship between T1ρ relaxation times and the mechanical behavior of human osteoarthritic articular cartilage using high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and local in situ microindentation. Seven human tibial plateaus were obtained from patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty due to severe osteoarthritis (OA). Three to six sites were selected from each sample for visual classification using the ICRS Outerbridge scale (a total of 36 sites). Samples were imaged by MR, and the local distribution of T1ρ relaxation times were obtained at these selected sites. The elastic and viscoelastic characteristics of the tissue were quantified nondestructively using dynamic microindentation to measure peak dynamic modulus, energy dissipation, and phase angle. Measured Outerbridge scores, MR T1ρ relaxation times, and mechanical properties were highly heterogeneous across each cartilage surface. Site‐specific measures of T1ρ relaxation times correlated significantly with the phase angle (p < 0.001; R = 0.908), a viscoelastic mechanical behavior of the cartilage. The novel combination of high‐resolution MR imaging and microindentation allows the investigation of the local relationship between quantitative MRI and biomechanical properties in highly heterogeneous OA cartilage. These findings suggest that MRI T1ρ can provide a functional assessment of articular cartilage. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1312–1319, 2011 相似文献
15.
《Journal of orthopaedic research》2017,35(6):1160-1170
16.
Hepatocyte growth factor in human osteoarthritic cartilage 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Pfander D Cramer T Weseloh G Pullig O Schuppan D Bauer M Swoboda B 《Osteoarthritis and cartilage / OARS, Osteoarthritis Research Society》1999,7(6):548-559
OBJECTIVE: Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor is a potent mitogen, morphogen and motogen for a variety of mainly epithelial cells. Hepatocyte growth factor is synthesized by mesenchymal cells and can be found in various tissues. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression and distribution patterns of this pleiotropic growth factor and its receptor, the product of the proto-oncogene c-met in normal and osteoarthritic human knee cartilage. METHODS: Five normal and 14 osteoarthritic human cartilage samples graded histomorphologically by Mankin Score, were studied by radioactive in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the expression of Hepatocyte growth factor and the c-met receptor. RESULTS: Hepatocyte growth factor could be found by immunohistochemistry in the territorial matrix surrounding the chondrocytes of calcified cartilage and within the deep zone of normal cartilage. Chondrocytes of these cartilage zones showed also positive c-met receptor-staining. Moreover, a small number of chondrocytes in the superficial and intermediate zone showed c-met staining. In accordance with the increased hepatocyte growth factor staining of osteoarthritic cartilage, an enhanced expression of hepatocyte growth factor-RNA by chondrocytes of the deep zone as well as the deeper mid zone was observed. Contrary to normal cartilage, c-met was identified immunohistochemically in osteoarthritic chondrocytes of all cartilage zones. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that hepatocyte growth factor seems to be acting in an autocrine/paracrine manner in normal and osteoarthritic cartilage. The ubiquitous presence of the HGF/HGF-receptor complex in osteoarthritic chondrocytes suggests that hepatocyte growth factor may contribute to the altered metabolism in osteoarthritic cartilage. 相似文献
17.
18.
Victor M. Goldberg David P. Norby Barton L. Sachs Roland W. Moskowitz Charles J. Malemud 《Journal of orthopaedic research》1983,1(3):302-312
The histopathologic characteristics, in vitro proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, and proteoglycan content of osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage tissue types from human femoral heads obtained at the time of total joint replacement were compared. Articular cartilage from fibrillated or discolored cartilage surfaces demonstrated overlapping histopathologic patterns, while cartilage from osteophytic areas was distinct. 35SO4 from each of these three tissue types was found in two peaks of radioactivity on a Sepharose CL-2B column. The average partition coefficient (Kav) of the first peak (peak I) was 0.07, while that of the second (peak II) was 0.63. Proteoglycan monomer predominated in discolored, fibrillated, and osteophytic OA cartilage in peak I. The hydrodynamic size on Sepharose CL-2B of the synthetic proteoglycan monomer was the same for discolored, fibrillated, and osteophytic samples (Kav, 0.25–0.28). Discolored and fibrillated tissues showed a similar percentage of proteoglycan monomer in peak II, whereas osteophyte was reduced in proteoglycan monomer content in peak II. In addition, the endogenous proteoglycans extracted from each cartilage area were generally of a smaller hydrodynamic size than the newly synthesized peak I or proteoglycan monomer. Glycosaminoglycans were predominantly chondroitin 6-sulfate. These results indicated that OA discolored and fibrillated cartilage tissue types from defined topographical areas of human femoral heads possessed neither unique histopathologic nor synthetic or endogenous proteoglycan characteristics. Osteophytic cartilage appeared more histopathologically distinct than either discolored or fibrillated OA cartilage, but synthesized proteoglycan monomer with similar hydrodynamic size to the other cartilage tissue types. 相似文献
19.