电针对大鼠前脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 :探讨电针百会、水沟穴对缺血再灌注大鼠脑内SOD活性、MDA含量的调节作用。方法 :采用双侧颈总动脉结扎合并低血压前脑缺血再灌注模型。随机分为正常对照组、假手术组、模型组、电针组。电针取穴百会和水沟 ,以连续波刺激。测定前脑部位脑组织匀浆SOD活性、MDA含量及脑组织含水率。结果 :模型组脑组织含水量、脑内MDA含量明显高于正常对照组 ,SOD活性明显低于正常对照组 ,电针治疗组脑组织含水量、MDA含量明显低于模型组 ,SOD活性较模型组高 (均P <0 0 5 )。结论 :电针治疗可减轻脑水肿 ,提高SOD活性 ,下调MDA含量 ,从而对脑组织产生保护作用。     

镁对脑缺血再灌注损伤的实验研究

目的观察镁对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法将大鼠随机分为3组,对照组。模型组（缺血再灌注组）,镁制剂治疗组。测定脑匀浆SOD、MDA含量和脑组织含水量。结果镁制剂治疗组与模型组比较：脑匀浆SOD活性显著增高（P〈0．01）;MDA含量显著降低（P〈0.01）;脑组织含水量治疗组显著降低（P〈0．01）。结论硫酸镁可通过直接或间接清除氧自由基、阻断Ca^2＋内流等作用维护膜结构的完整性。对脑缺血再灌注损伤有保护作用。     

红细胞致脑出血后血肿周围脑组织迟发性损伤的氧化机制

目的　研究脑出血 (intracerebralhemorrhage ,ICH)后血肿内的红细胞致血肿周边脑组织迟发性损伤的氧化机制 ,观察不同时间点脑组织含水量、血肿周边脑组织自由基含量的动态变化。方法　采用立体定向技术将自体浓缩红细胞注入大鼠脑基底节区制作实验动物模型 ,将动物随机分为假手术对照组、ICH组 ,在不同时间点断头取脑 ,应用干湿重法测定脑组织含水量、生化方法测定血肿周围脑组织匀浆中丙二醛 (MDA)的含量和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活力的变化。结果　ICH组大鼠脑组织含水量在 2 4h内无明显变化 ,4 8h时有所增加 ;在 72h脑组织含水量明显增高并达峰值 (P <0 .0 1) ;随后逐渐下降 ,在 16 8h含水量缓慢恢复到假手术对照组水平。ICH组大鼠脑组织MDA在脑出血后 6h无明显变化 ;在 12h有所增加 ;于 72hMDA达到高峰 (P <0 .0 1) ,随后逐渐下降接近假手术对照组水平。SOD在脑出血后 6h无明显变化 ,与假手术对照组相比无统计学差别 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;随后逐渐下降 ,至第 4 8～ 72h下降达到最低值 (P <0 .0 1) ,后逐渐恢复 ,至第 16 8h接近假手术对照组水平。脑出血后血肿周围脑组织MDA的变化与脑组织含水量的变化呈正相关 (r =0 .82 3,P <0 .0 5 ) ,血肿周围脑组织SOD的变化与脑组织含水量的变化呈负相关 (r =- 0 .77     

水蛭提取物对大鼠脑血栓后脑组织MDA，SOD和NO含量的影响

目的　探讨光化学法诱导大鼠脑血栓形成中丙二醛(MDA) ,NO和 SOD含量的变化及水蛭提取物 (EFH )对其脑组织保护作用的机理 .方法　采用光化学法诱导大鼠大脑中动脉 (MCA)脑血栓形成模型 ,观察脑缺血后及药物作用后 4h,2 4h脑组织匀浆中 MDA,SOD和 NO的含量变化 .结果　大鼠脑缺血后 4h时 MDA的含量增高 ,2 4h明显增高 ;2 4h时 EFH治疗组 MDA含量明显降低 ,由 (4 .77± 0 .2 4) mol·L- 1降为 (2 .5 1± 0 .44 ) mol· L- 1 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,与模型组相比2 4h时 SOD的活性明显增高 (P<0 .0 5 ) . NO含量在脑缺血后 4h降低 ,2 4h时与假手术组相比明显升高 (P<0 .0 1) .结论　光化学诱导大鼠脑血栓形成 ,其脑组织的损伤与 MDA及 NO的神经细胞毒性作用有关 ,EFH可清除 MDA的生成 ,减少 SOD消耗 ,降低 NO的毒性 ,对缺血脑组织有保护作用     

蒺藜皂苷对大鼠实验性脑出血的脑保护作用

目的探讨注射用蒺藜皂苷(GSTT)对大鼠实验性脑出血(intracerebral hemorrhage,ICH)的脑保护作用.方法建立血淤模型,1d后应用大脑立体定位技术,自大鼠尾动脉取不抗凝血液50μl缓慢注入尾状核;建立大鼠实验性脑出血模型,观察其脑出血后脑水肿的变化及其行为学的影响;检测大鼠不同切变率的全血黏度,检测大鼠血浆及脑组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量及脑组织匀浆中一氧化氮(NO)的含量.结果 GSTT可明显降低出血脑组织的脑水分含量,明显改善神经行为,降低全血黏度,并可升高血浆及脑组织匀浆中SOD活性,降低MDA含量,降低脑组织匀浆中NO含量,与模型组比较有显著差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论 GSTT可减轻脑出血后神经细胞损伤、降低脑水肿、改善神经行为,降低全血黏度、改善血液流变性,其抗损伤机制可能与抗自由基、降低NO毒性有关.     

温脑汤对脑缺血大鼠保护作用的试验研究

目的:研究温脑汤对大鼠脑缺血模型血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、一氧化氮(NO)含量及脑指数、脑组织含水量的影响。方法:采用永久结扎双侧颈总动脉同时腹腔注射硝普纳的方法制作大鼠脑缺血模型。测定血清中SOD、MDA、NO、GSH的含量及脑指数、脑组织含水量。结果:与假手术对照组相比,模型对照组血清中MDA、NO含量明显升高,SOD、GSH含量明显降低,脑指数、脑组织含水量均升高,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);与模型对照组相比,温脑汤大、中剂量可使脑缺血大鼠血清MDA、NO含量明显降低,SOD、GSH含量明显升高,脑指数、脑组织含水量均降低,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:温脑汤可减少自由基,诱导SOD、GSH生成,具有保护脑细胞的作用。     

神经节苷脂GM1在颅脑损伤早期的脑保护作用

目的:观察神经节苷脂GM1在急性颅脑损伤早期的脑保护作用.方法:在大鼠颅脑液压损伤后早期给予神经节苷脂GM1(30 mg*kg-1,伤后5 min和60 min各一次)或等量的生理盐水进行治疗,观察神经节苷脂GM1在伤后6 h对动物平均动脉压、脑水肿,以及损伤侧脑组织内乳酸和脂质过氧化物(LPO)的影响.结果:在颅脑液压损伤后,损伤组动物出现平均动脉压降低,损伤侧脑组织含水量、乳酸和LPO含量增加;而神经节苷脂GM1治疗组动物平均动脉压维持在伤前水平,损伤侧脑组织含水量、乳酸和LPO含量较损伤组动物显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),生理盐水对照组与颅脑损伤组之间无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:神经节苷脂GM1在颅脑损伤后早期有明显的脑保护作用.     

丹参注射液防治脑出血急性期脑水肿的实验研究

目的 :研究丹参注射液对急性期脑出血大鼠的影响 ,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法 :采用胶原酶尾状核注射法造模。观察大鼠神经行为、脑系数、脑含水量、脑组织脂质过氧化物丙二醛( MDA)及超氧化物歧化酶 ( SOD)的含量变化。结果 :丹参注射液组能够改善大鼠神经功能缺损及脑水肿的程度 ,降低脑组织中 MDA含量 ,升高 SOD活性 ,与模型组比较 ,差异有显著性性意义 ,P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1。结论 :丹参注射液对急性脑出血大鼠脑水肿有防治作用 ,其机制可能与提高机体抗氧化能力有关。     

冷水七对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 观察冷水七对脑缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)大鼠的保护作用.方法 Wistar大鼠随机分为4组,对照组、假手术组、冷水七低、高剂量组,大鼠急性全脑缺血模型用双侧颈总动脉结扎法制备,大鼠灌胃给药15d后,测定脑组织中的含水量,脑匀浆后测定脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量及乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性...     

人中、百会穴注射香丹注射液对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的:观察人中、百会穴注射香丹注射液对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法:60只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、对照组、香丹注射液组共4组,每组15只,均用药14d后,线栓法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,缺血30min后再灌注60min,测定脑匀浆中SOD活力、MDA含量、NO和NOS含量。结果:脑匀浆SOD活力、NO和NOS含量:模型组与假手术组相比明显降低(P<0.01);对照组和香丹注射液组比模型组有不同程度的增加(P<0.05)。对照组与香丹注射液组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脑匀浆MDA含量:模型组与假手术组相比明显升高(P<0.01);对照组和香丹注射液组较模型组有不同程度的降低(P<0.05);对照组与香丹注射液组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:人中、百会穴注射香丹注射液能够减轻再灌注期脑组织的损害,保护脑组织。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.