3.0T MR对T1加权成像的影响

本文分析了3.0TMR对T1加权成像的影响,简单介绍了3.0TMR改善T1加权成像的几种方法。     

Return of fertility after the removal of Nova T or Copper T 200

The return of fertility after removal of Nova T or Copper T 200 IUDs was studied in 150 women who had a removal for planning pregnancy in a study performed for the comparison of the clinical performance of these IUDs in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. There was no significant difference in the return of fertility of women having used either device. The cumulative probability of pregnancy per 100 women after the removal of the IUD, as a net rate, was 77.3 at one year, 88.9 at two years and 92.4 at three years.The return of fertility was analyzed separately for those women who had used their IUD for less than two years and for two or more years. The duration of the use had no significant effect on the return of fertility. The outcome of pregnancy, the birth weight, the condition at delivery and the sex ratio of the newborns were normal in the participating countries.     

引文网络加速转化医学T1-T2-T3阶段的转化进程

Dougherty和Conway的转化医学“3T”模式体现了T1（基础研究到临床有效性研究）、T2（临床有效性研究到临床疗效研究）、T3（临床疗效研究到与经济有关的研究和改进医疗服务质量）阶段的相互转化过程,可作为测量转化研究的基础框架。文献之间的引用与被引用关系形成的“引文网络（citation network）” 揭示出具体领域的转化地带、转化路径和转化时滞,可使科研人员把握该领域转化研究的关键内容与路线图,促进研究从上游吸收和向下游转化,最终加速转化医学进程。利用文献的引文网络可对不同研究阶段之间的转化关系进行测量。本文基于文献“引文网络”分析方法,介绍“3T”模式下的转化研究测量模型。     

T gamma-lymphoproliferative disease

The case of a rare type of T-cell malignant lymphomas, clinically with a relatively favorable course, a T gamma-lymphoproliferative disease (T gamma-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) was presented. The cytomorphological, cytochemical, immuncytochemical and cytogenetical markers and functional tests of the peripheral blood lymphocytes from the patient were tested. The leukaemic cells with light- and electron microscopy showed the so called LGL (large granular lymphocyte) morphology with multifocal reactions of acid hydrolase enzymes. These cells also expressed IgG-Fc-receptor, CD 8 monoclonal antibody positivity and a monoclonally rearranged T-cell receptor gen expression. Functionally the patient's lymphocytes developed a blastic response to the T-cell mitogen Concanavalin A (ConA), they suppressed the immunoglobulin production of B-lymphocytes in co-cultures and had a normal NK-activity but decreased ADCC values. The patient was diagnosed by blood, bone marrow and lymph node examination and does not need any therapy. This case was published because of it's diagnostic, immunological and prognostical interests.     

Four years of a comparative study with Nova T and Copper T 200 IUDS

Follow-up data from a randomized use-effectiveness study with Nova T and Copper T 200 have been analyzed at 48 months. The insertions were performed in clinics in Denmark, Finland and Sweden using the same study design protocol and data collection. The total experience of 1865 insertions includes 336 insertions immediately after legal abortion and covers 51,630 months of use. The results were calculated separately for the postmenstrual insertions of 1529 women. The cumulative pregnancy rate in the Nova T group was significantly lower (p < 0.01) than that in the Copper T 200 group. Cumulative rates of expulsion and removals because of bleeding and pain, infection and planning pregnancy were not significantly different for the two IUDs. The continuation rate for Nova T at four years was 39.6 and for Copper T, 40.4. In the post-menstrual series the removal rates were lower than in the total series except for the removal rate for planning pregnancy, which was higher. The continuation rate in the postmenstrual series was 43.2 for Nova T and 42.4 for Copper T 200 at four years. The annual gross rates of pregnancy were lower every year for Nova T than for Copper T. During the last year, the pregnancy rate for Nova T was only 0.3 and it was 0.6 for Copper T. The Pearl index was analyzed for the total experience at different years and was 0.8 for Nova T at four years and 2.0 for Copper T 200. Both IUDs had the same long-lasting copper-wire having a surface area of 200 mm². The better protection against pregnancy in patients using Nova T was therefore due to the design of the Nova T. The lost to follow-up rate was low; the observations were incomplete at 48 months only in 12 percent of the patients.     

Two-year rates for Nova T and Copper T in a comparative study

A random assignment comparative study between Nova T and Copper T 200 after two years of use revealed that the Nova T resulted in a significantly lower pregnancy rate than the Copper T. The study was performed simultaneously in Denmark, Sweden and Finland. The pregnancy rate in Nova T users was lower than in Copper T users in every country and in every age and parity group. There was no clinic effect in the pregnancy rate of Nova T users. The other termination rates of these two devices were not significantly different. The first segment continuation rates at two years of postmenstrual insertions were 64.7 for Nova T and 65.5 for Copper T 200. It seems that Nova T is an improved copper-releasing IUD.     

Effect of metabolic inhibitors on the ability of human T lymphocytes to form active T rosettes

The effect of various cellular metabolic inhibitors on the active T rosette formation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was studied. Cytochalasin B greatly inhibited SRBC rosette formation. However, colchicine, mytomycin C, cyclohexamide, and sodium azide had no effect. These results suggest that the ability of the lymphocyte to form active T rosettes is dependent on the lattice microfilament network, but not on the cellular metabolism. The effect of cytochalasin B on human peripheral blood lymphocytes activated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), lens culinalis (LCH), or ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCAI) was also examined. Cytochalasin B significantly inhibited the active T rosette formation induced by LCH or RCAI, but did not inhibit that induced by PHA or WGA. This suggests that different cellular mechanisms are involved in the activation of lymphocytes by either PHA and WGA or LCH and RCAI.     

Tödliche Dinitroorthokresol-Vergiftung

Zusammenfassung Der dritte Fall tödlicher Dinitroorthokresol-Vergiftung in kurzem Abstand trug an der Leiche Merkmale, die unter Umständen auch bei Unkenntnis der Vorgeschichte eine exakte Diagnose erlauben: Gelbfärbung der Haut, Trockenheit aller Organe und chemischer Nachweis von Dinitrokresol. Im Gegensatz zu den beiden anderen Fällen ergaben sich hier anatomische Merkmale, die auf eine längere Einwirkung des Giftes hinwiesen: Auffällige Magerkeit, braune Induration des Fettgewebes und Hyperplasie des Knochenmarkes.Der Tod nach Eintritt von schweren Vergiftungserscheinungen trat — vielleicht infolge einer gewissen Gewöhnung an das Gift — erst 60 Stunden später ein. Die Rolle des Alkohols für die Vergiftung ist sehr problematisch.     

Inhibition of the human erythrocytic glutathione-S-transferase T1 (GST T1) by thimerosal

We have investigated the interaction of thimerosal, a widely used antiseptic and preservative, with the human erythrocytic GST T1 (glutathione-S-transferase T1). This detoxifying enzyme is expressed in the erythrocytes of solely the human species and it displays a genetic polymorphism. Due to this polymorphism about 25 % of the individuals of the caucasian population lack this activity (“non-conjugators”), while 75 % show it (“conjugators”) (Hallier, E., et al., 1993).

Using our newly developed HPLC-fluorescence detection assay (Müller, M., et al., 2001) we have profiled the kinetics of enzyme inhibition in erythrocyte lysates of two individuals previously identified as “normal conjugator” (medium enzyme activity) and “super-conjugator” (very high activity). For the normal conjugator we have determined a 2.77 mM thimerosal concentration to inhibit 50 % of the GST T1 activity. In the case of the super-conjugator a 2.3 mM thimerosal concentration causes a 50 % inhibition of the enzyme activity. For both phenotypes a 14.8 mM thimerosal concentration results in residual enzyme activities equal to those typically detected in non-conjugator lysates. Thus, sufficiently high doses of thimerosal may be able to change the phenotypic status of an individual - at least in vitro - by inhibition of the GST T1 enzyme.     

辅助性T细胞17和调节性T细胞在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨辅助性T细胞17(Th17)和调节性T细胞(Treg)在子宫内膜癌中的表达及意义。方法将上海市第一人民医院宝山分院2014-2015年收治的30例子宫内膜癌患者列为研究组,38例子宫肌瘤患者列为对照组。应用免疫组织化学染色法,分别检测两组患者标本Th17和Treg细胞表达情况。结果研究组Th17和Treg的表达较对照组明显升高(P0.05),研究组中,进展期、中低分化组Th17和Treg表达显著高于早期、高分化组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),Th17和Treg之间有关联,但在子宫内膜癌进展期关联性差。结论 Th17和Treg参与子宫内膜癌的发生发展,随着肿瘤进展,Treg/Th17存在失衡现象。     

Sympatric occurrence of Taenia solium, T. saginata, and T. asiatica, Thailand

We confirmed sympatric occurrence of Taenia solium, T. saginata, and T. asiatica in western Thailand. DNA analysis of morphologically identified T. saginata, in a dual infection with T. solium, indicated it was T. asiatica. To our knowledge, this report is the first of T. asiatica and a dual Taenia infection from Thailand.     

微波辐照对大鼠甲状腺及血清T3、T4的影响

目的通过微波辐照后SD大鼠甲状腺和血清T3、T4的动态观察,以初步探讨微波辐照对甲状腺形态和功能的影响。方法二级SD雄性大鼠分高剂量(65w/cm2)低剂量(5w/cm2)两组微波连续辐照两周,每天20min,于辐照的1d、7d、14d和辐照后第4天分别取甲状腺做HE染色;采腹主静脉血用放免法测血清T3、T4的浓度,所有数据经Excel处理。结果大鼠辐照后,高剂量组可见甲状腺随辐照天数增加,病理变化逐渐增重,血清T4在1d时升高(P<0.05)、后浓度逐渐下降,于辐照14d最低(P<0.01),辐照后第4天有所恢复,血清T3浓度逐渐下降,于辐照14d最低(P<0.05);低剂量组甲状腺有轻微病理变化,血清T4在辐照期有下降,但在辐照后第4天有显著性升高(P<0.01)、血清T3随辐照天数增加浓度逐渐下降,但差异无显著性。结论微波连续辐照能引起大鼠甲状腺病理损伤和血清甲状腺激素水平紊乱。     

辅助性T细胞17及调节性T细胞比例失衡与子宫内膜异位症研究现状

子宫内膜异位症(EMs)是目前严重困扰育龄期女性的常见疾病，因其发病机制复杂，病因尚未阐明，以及其易种植、复发等类似肿瘤的特性，迄今尚无确切诊治手段。最新研究发现，EMs属于一种自身免疫性疾病，与T细胞免疫密切相关。CD4^＋T细胞的2个重要亚型，辅助性T细胞(Th)17与调节性T细胞(Treg)比例(Th17/Treg)失衡及其所致的腹腔内环境稳态失衡，均与EMs发生、病变程度及其导致不孕等临床特征有关。笔者拟就Th17/Treg与免疫内环境失衡在EMs中的最新研究现状进行阐述。     

肌肽对小鼠的抗衰老作用

目的研究肌肽对小鼠的抗衰老作用,以及对血清中三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)和胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)水平的影响。方法选择昆明种清洁级小鼠72只,雌雄各半,随机分为对照组(自来水)、衰老模型组(建立衰老模型,自来水)、维生素E组(建立衰老模型,0.6 mg/ml维生素E溶液,0.8 ml/d)、肌肽组[建立衰老模型,100 mg/(kg.d)肌肽经口染毒],每组18只。染毒2、4周末检测小鼠血清中T3、T4、IGF-Ⅰ的水平。染毒4周末测定小鼠自发活动指标(自发活动次数、自发活动站立时间)和耐力指标(抗疲劳、耐缺氧)。结果肌肽组的自发活动次数最高(P>0.05),自发活动站立时间显著高于衰老模型组(P<0.05),各染毒组抗疲劳时间均低于对照组,但肌肽组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),耐缺氧时间组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肌肽组于染毒2周末时T4/T3比值最低,染毒4周末时最高,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。染毒4周末,肌肽组血清IGF-I水平高于对照组、维生素E组及衰老模型组(P<0.01)。结论肌肽能够提高衰老模型小鼠的自发活动能力,使T4向T3的转化减弱,并能维持血清中较高的IGF-Ⅰ水平,可能与其抗衰老作用有关。