Interpretations of DMF registrations of Norwegian recruits with emphasis on previous treatment experience

abstract The results from a DMF registration of 235 Nonvegian recruits are presented with emphasis on groups with differences in dental treatment prior to the time of examination. Eighty-one per cent of the recruits had attended school dental services regularly between the ages of 7 and 14 years. About half of these continued regular dental treatment until they entered the armed forces at ages 18–20, while 13 % did not seek dental treatment. The DMFS and DMFT counts were similar for all groups in the present study. The D/F, M/F and DM/F ratios have been assessed and it is suggested that these ratios may be useful in evaluating the effects of previous treatment as well as the present need for dental care.     

Interpretations of DMF registrations of Norwegian recruits with emphasis on previous treatment experience

abstract The results from a DMF registration of 235 Nonvegian recruits are presented with emphasis on groups with differences in dental treatment prior to the time of examination. Eighty-one per cent of the recruits had attended school dental services regularly between the ages of 7 and 14 years. About half of these continued regular dental treatment until they entered the armed forces at ages 18–20, while 13 % did not seek dental treatment. The DMFS and DMFT counts were similar for all groups in the present study. The D/F, M/F and DM/F ratios have been assessed and it is suggested that these ratios may be useful in evaluating the effects of previous treatment as well as the present need for dental care.     

Influence of long-term dispensary stomatologic care of adults on the epidemiology of periodontal diseases

Epidemiological examinations using the GPM/T-index and the CPITN were conducted on 400 subjects of the age group 50-59 years for monitoring the periodontal status. All subjects had a percentage of 30% with Code 4, but the patients under stomatological dispensatory care had more natural teeth and less teeth with pockets.     

Dental caries and fluorosis in Israel A sample survey on oral health of school children

A survey on oral health was conducted on a sample of about 4500 school children in Israel, by two dentists checked for the comparability of their methods of diagnosis, who performed all examinations, by means of mouth mirror and explorer, during a period of 10 weeks. Findings were expressed as DMFT for caries and in terms of Dean's classification for fluorosis. Percentages and averages were calculated for subgroups according to sex, origin, sojourn in Israel and type of settlement and were compared. Caries prevalence was low, especially in oriental communities, and lower in new immigrants than in children born and reared in Israel. Children in collective settlements (kibbutsim) had significantly less caries experience than children in towns and villages. There were higher caries rates in girls than in boys, and in the mandible than in the maxilla. The relation between the percentage of children having at least one DMF tooth and the mean DMF count of a group differs in Israel from the formula given by Knutson, although there is a high degree of correlation between these two expressions of caries prevalence. The amount of dental restorative care, as expressed by the ratio F/DMF, is equal in towns and in kibbutsim, and considerably higher than in smallholders' settlements. Arab children do not receive any dental care.

Few children exhibited signs of fluorosis, most of them immigrants from countries where areas of endemic fluorosis have been observed.     

口腔专科医院住院患者院际急会诊的调查与分析

目的通过分析口腔专科医院住院患者邀请院际急会诊病例的病因及特点,探讨口腔专科医院口腔颌面外科邀请院际急会诊的工作目的及临床意义,为规范和改进口腔专科医院邀请院际急会诊的工作提供借鉴。 方法回顾2015—2017年南京大学医学院附属口腔医院住院患者的院际急会诊记录,采用Microsoft Office Excel 2007对邀请院际急会诊的科室、疾病种类及患者相关信息进行统计分析。 结果采集全部急会诊患者共80例,共计95例次急会诊记录,其中男性60例次、女性35例次;会诊患者年龄19 ~ 83岁,平均（58.13 ± 15.48）岁。所申请会诊科室以呼吸科、心内科、精神科、感染科、ICU、心胸外科为多;会诊原因多与术后呼吸困难、心率不齐、肺部感染及精神行为异常有关。 结论由于口腔专科医院的专业特点,口腔专科医师对全身系统疾病的认识不足,院际急会诊已成为其保护患者安全及提高诊疗水平的常用手段。     

Dental age and dental health determined longitudinally from patient records in three towns in Finland

The aims of this study were to test the suitability of normal dental records in determining the eruption times of teeth and to compare the retrospective longitudinal DMF values with the statistical cross-sectional means. Patient records for two cohorts (1970 and 1980) were collected from three Finnish towns. The study population comprised 1910 children. The eruption times of the permanent teeth, DMFT and DMFS curves (excluding F due to fractures and M due to orthodontic reasons) were investigated for the year of examination in different study locations. The cross-sectional DMF values were compared to longitudinally calculated data. Tooth eruption was earlier in girls than in boys. However, girls did not have significantly higher DMF values than boys. In all towns, dental health was significantly better in the 1980 cohort than in the 1970 cohort. Comparison of the cross-sectional DMF values in the municipal health center statistics showed that the mean statistics gave considerably higher values than the measured values did after 15 years of age. The inconsistency between measured longitudinal DMF values and the cross-sectional statistical DMF values indicates the importance of creating computer programs for analyzing data longitudinally from normal dental records.     

Dental age and dental health determined longitudinally from patient records in three towns in Finland

The aims of this study were to test the suitability of normal dental records in determining the eruption times of teeth and to compare the retrospective longitudinal DMF values with the statistical cross-sectional means. Patient records for two cohorts (1970 and 1980) were collected from three Finnish towns. The study population comprised 1910 children. The eruption times of the permanent teeth, DMFT and DMFS curves (excluding F due to fractures and M due to orthodontic reasons) were investigated for the year of examination in different study locations. The cross-sectional DMF values were compared to longitudinally calculated data. Tooth eruption was earlier in girls than in boys. However, girls did not have significantly higher DMF values than boys. In all towns, dental health was significantly better in the 1980 cohort than in the 1970 cohort. Comparison of the cross-sectional DMF values in the municipal health center statistics showed that the mean statistics gave considerably higher values than the measured values did after 15 years of age. The inconsistency between measured longitudinal DMF values and the cross-sectional statistical DMF values indicates the importance of creating computer programs for analyzing data longitudinally from normal dental records.     

The overtime effect of social position on dental caries experience in a group of old-aged Danes born in 1914

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to analyze the life-course effects of education, occupation, and income at ages 70, 75, 80, and 85 years, respectively, on dental caries experience of 85-year-olds. METHODS: The present study includes follow-up data from a population-based study, which comprised a sample of 176 individuals aged 85 years. Data on social position were collected at ages 70, 75, 80, and 85 years by means of structured personal interviews. Clinical oral health examinations were conducted to obtain data on dental caries at age 85. Dental caries was recorded at tooth surface level and caries experience was expressed by the DMF Index: the decayed tooth surfaces (D component), missing tooth surfaces (M component), and filled tooth surfaces (F component). RESULTS: The participants in the present study demonstrated a high level of dental caries experience; the prevalence rate for active dental caries (D-S) was 80 percent. Older adults with low education, low occupational status, and poor income tended to have more active dental caries compared to their counterparts. In contrast, individuals with high education (F-S = 35.5) and high occupational status (F-S = 36.0) had significantly more filled surfaces than persons with low education (F-S = 24.0) and low occupational status (F-S = 25.6). Individuals with high income at ages 75, 80, and 85 years had more filled surfaces (F-S = 31.9, 33.2, 34.1) compared to persons with low income (F-S = 25.5, 23.5, 22.8). CONCLUSION: The study identified social inequalities across age among the very old individuals in relation to dental caries experience.     

口腔专科医院职工体检结果及职业健康状况的分析

目的了解口腔专科医院职工的健康状况,促进预防保健工作。方法对某口腔专科医院431名职工2012年体格检查资料进行分析,按照性别、年龄、职业分组,进行计算和统计学分析。结果检查431人,其中男性122人、女性309人。共检出异常239人,各种疾病或指标异常30种,人均患病1.58种。男性患病率最高的前3种疾病分别是:高脂血症、脂肪肝、高血压;女性患病率最高的前3种疾病分别是:高脂血症、脂肪肝和乳腺小叶增生。高脂血症、脂肪肝、高血压等疾病患病率随年龄逐渐升高,年龄患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。口腔医师高脂血症、脂肪肝、高血压的患病率高于其他职工,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口腔专科医院职工的健康状况不容乐观,年龄、职业因素、不良生活方式可能是影响身体健康的主要因素,应加强预防保健工作。     

Changes in dental status over 10 years in 80-year-old people: a prospective cohort study

Abstract – Objectives: The aim of the present study was to follow‐up the condition of the teeth over a sufficiently long period. Methods: Dental examinations were a part of a multidisciplinary 10‐year cohort study on the elderly. These examinations were made in 1990 (n = 226), 1995 (n = 90) and 2000 (n = 65) for the entire population born in 1910 and living in Jyväskylä, Finland. The subjects were divided into two categories, dentate (one tooth or more) and edentulous. Results: The results showed that men had more intact teeth and lower DMF scores than women, but the differences diminished during the follow‐up period. The number of remaining and filled teeth of those women who took part in all three phases of the present study was higher than that of those who died during the follow‐up. In men the DMF scores showed the opposite trend. The most significant deterioration during the 10‐year follow‐up was found in the number of teeth and DMF scores in men and in the number of remaining and filled teeth in women. Conclusion: Among men, in particular, significant changes in oral health status could be seen even between 80 and 90 years of age. Hence, regardless of advanced age, a subject should be motivated by the oral health care team to seek regular dental treatment.     

Oral health status in a population in Northern Norway.

Information concerning oral health status was obtained through a clinical and radiographic examination of 297 persons aged 20--69 years out of a population of 358 persons living in a coastal community in Northern Norway. The oral health was generally poor. 71% had one or more remaining teeth and the dentulous persons had a mean number of 18 remaining teeth. The mean number of DMF teeth was 27,3 while the mean number of decayed teeth was 4,9 and filled teeth 12,0 giving a percent of decayed and filled teeth of 27 and 65 respectively. Only every fourth dentulous person had one or more crowns and/or bridge units and 4% of all teeth had been treated endodontically. 41% of the teeth had visible plaque and 56% of the teeth had one or more gingival margins bleeding after gentle probing. One fourth of all teeth had gingival pockets exceeding 3 mm and 17% of all teeth showed a bone loss of 20% or more. The number of remaining teeth decreased with increasing age and decreasing income and/or social class. In general, women, young people and people with a high socioeconomic status had less caries, better oral hygiene and periodontal condition and had received more restorative dental care than the remaining part of the population.     

Oral health status in an institutionalised elderly Jewish population.

The oral health status and treatment needs of 95 institutionalised elderly Jewish persons were determined. The mean DMFT was 23.4, with the M component increasing with age. Untreated carious lesions were identified in men and women of all ages. A relatively small percentage (10.5%) of subjects were affected by root caries. In 75% of cases of identified periodontal disease, the condition presented as bleeding or calculus. All subjects were in need of oral hygiene instruction and 64 (67.3%) required scaling and root planing. Complex treatment formed only a small percentage of the overall treatment needs. A low prevalence of temporomandibular joint problems, denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis was noted. A relatively high prevalence of untreated oral disease of low severity was observed, indicating the need for a comprehensive form of preventive and basic oral care.     

The effect of social demographic factors, snack consumption and vending machine use on oral health of children living in London

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of socio-economic status, sugar, snack consumption and vending machine use on the prevalence and severity of caries (DMF) in children. DESIGN: An observational study was carried out in a dental practice in inner city London. Sixty children were asked to complete a questionnaire and a three day food and drink diary. After a dental examination the number of decayed (D), missing (M) or filled (F) teeth provided a DMF score. Anova and Pearsons correlations were used to analyse the data statistically. RESULTS: Children from social groups I and II consumed significantly less (P < 0.05) sugar, confectionery, crisps and used a vending machine less often than children from other social groups. Children from Social groups I, II and III had significantly lower DMF scores. The average DMF from social group I children was 0.5 +/- 0.6, whilst group IV children had the greatest incidence and a DMF of 4.6 +/- 0.8. Significant correlations were identified between DMF and sugar, confectionery and crisp consumption and vending machine use, and a negative correlation between DMF and vegetable consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Socio-economic status and access to vending machines were found to have a significant effect on sugar intakes, foods choices, and dental health. The removal of vending machines from schools or at least installing 'healthy' vending machines is recommended. Health promotion programmes that account for social groups and snacking habits that are cost effective are required.     

Presence of caries and periodontal disease in Spanish students. Overview of results obtained in different localities

Results of our survey in 11 locations of Spain are assembled in an overview showing percentages of persons according to the highest C.P.I.T.N. code defected for each one, the prevalence of caries-free-children and mean D.M.F.T. scores. We have also studied the differences between urban and rural populations. Rural children presented higher D.M.F.T. an D.T. scores.     

中国口腔医学专业人才供需研究

通过对口腔医学专业人才的供需均衡分析,得出口腔医学人才供需缺口过大的结论,相应提出拓宽培养目标、分层招生、提高国家主力院校培养能力等建议以保证口腔专业人才的后续供给。     

Epidemiology of oral cancer

In Hungary, the mortality rate from oral cancer is dramatically increasing, causing great concern. Smoking, drinking and poor oral hygiene are the major risk factors, and their combined effect could only be prevented by primary preventive measures in a long time period and therefore the benefit from primary prevention can be detected much later. The possibilities of the secondary preventive measures are much better to identify the premalignant conditions and lesions for these cancers. Screening could be used to detect both precancerous lesions and early invasive cancers, however, no study as yet has demonstrated a reduced mortality from screening, therefore, sui generis regular, organised screening, based on personal call-and-recall system, is not recommended. In the same time, regular opportunistic screening by clinical examination, i.e. visual inspection, using dental mirror, and palpation of the region in asymptomatic persons at high risk offers prime opportunity for early detection and early treatment. Recently, the government has decided to take action by promoting the clinical examination. To this effect, a Working Group consisting of subject experts and headed by the Chief Medical Officer has been appointed and charged with elaboration of a workable plan of action. In terms of action, priority',should be given to men and women above 40 years of age who are heavy smokers and drinkers; socioeconomic differentials should be taken into account. In the first place, dentist-patient encounters provide opportunity for such an examination, but primary care physicians and those engaged in occupational medicine are also requested to take part in the endeavour. As a prerequisite, the screening method needs to be incorporated in the curriculum of dental/medical education. From all these, the oral cancer-related epidemiological situation is expected to improve in Hungary.     

The need for stomatological care in the light of an analysis of the frequency of stomatologic diseases]

The present paper deals with a method for determining the extent of stomatological care for the population of the GDR. The components "stomatological morbidity", "available amount of time" and "average amount of working time spent on each prosthetic/conservative service" are linked to determine the extent of stomatological care with regard to the three variants of prosthetic/conservative treatment. The calculation method is used to find out the optimal variant.     

Oral health status of adults in Southern Vietnam - a cross-sectional epidemiological study

Background  

Before strategies or protocols for oral health care can be advised at population level, epidemiological information on tooth decay patterns and its effects on oral function are indispensable. The aim of this study was to investigate influences of socio-demographic variables on the prevalence of decayed, missing, filled (DMF) and sound teeth (S_t) and to determine the relative risk of teeth in different dental regions for D, M, and F, of adults living in urban and rural areas in Southern Vietnam.     

Clinical training of students of stomatology and its estimation in the light of the patients' opinions

Estimation of the students' work from the IVth and Vth year of stomatology has been performed basing on the inquiry opinions of the patients. The opinions concerned in the first place the period of time they should wait for treatment and their frame of mind before the stomatological operation. Most of the patients applied regularly to the students to treat their teeth. High percentage of the people waiting for the visit were good-tempered or a little upset persons. The predominant majority of the patients were very satisfied with the help given to them by the students of stomatology.     

Oral health status of apprentices

3011 students of vocational schools in Rostock were examined for obtaining informations about their caries prevalence (DMF/T and DMF/S) and the periodontal treatment needs (CPITN). Those students, who need a special proof to be good for their occupation and therefore had a regular dental care, have a much more better oral health status than other students in vocational schools (successful treated 40%:20%, degree of treatment (FM/T) 80%:71%, DMF/T 8.5:10.3). Concerning the periodontal status of the 6 sextants 55.6% of the students hat code 0 of CPITN, 33.5% the 1, 10.3% code 2 and 0.6% the code 3. Summarizing recommendations are given for the improvement of passing from the regular dental care for young adults to dental care of the adult population.