1-[2-(N-甲基)氨基-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑化合物的合成

目的：改进1－[2-（N－甲基）氨基－2－（2,4－二氯苯基）乙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑的合成方法,降低成本,提高收率,方法：以2－氯－1－（2,4－二氯苯基）乙酮为原料,经三唑烷基化与甲胺反应生成酮亚胺后还原（A法）,或与N－甲基甲酰胺进行Leukart反应（B法）,结果：A和B两种方法制得目标化合物的收率分别为57．6％和63．2％。结论：A和B两种方法原料易得,反应简便,降低了成本,提高了收率。     

1-芳基-4-乙氧羰基-5-氨基-1,2,3,-连三唑和几种亲电子试剂的反应及产物抗菌性能的研究

本文研究1-芳基-4-乙氧羰基-5-氨基-1,2,3,-连三唑(1)同过量乙酸,乙酸酐、乙酰氯、苯甲酰氯以及甲酰胺等的反应,制得1的14种新衍生物:1-H-4-乙氧羰基-5-芳胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(2 b～d),1-酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-芳胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(3a～d),1-芳基-4-乙氧羰基-5-乙酰胺基-1,2,3-连三唑-(4a～d)以及1-甲酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-对硝基苯胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(5a),1-苯甲酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-对硝基苯胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(5b),1-对氨苯甲酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-对硝基苯胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(5c)。所有化合物的结构,均经元素分析及波谱分析确证,并筛选了一些化合物的抗菌作用。     

1H-1,2,3-三氮唑乙酸酯衍生物的合成与体外抗乙肝病毒活性研究

目的 设计合成1H-1,2,3-三氮唑环衍生物，并测定其体外抗乙肝病毒活性。方法 以取代吲哚为原料，经取代、环加成反应得到14个目标化合物，通过¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR和MS方法对化合物的结构进行表征，以HepG2.2.15为细胞模型进行抗乙肝病毒体外活性实验，测试化合物在体外对乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)和乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)分泌的影响。结果与结论其中4个目标化合物能较好地抑制HBeAg和HBsAg的分泌，化合物2-(4-((5-氯-1H-吲哚-1-基)甲基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)乙酸乙酯(IC₅₀=75.41μmol·L^-1,SI=9.23)能较好抑制HBV DNA。吲哚5号位含有吸电子基团卤素原子的化合物对抑制乙肝病毒的分泌效果较好。     

1-[2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-2,3-环氧丙基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑甲烷磺酸盐的合成

1- [2 - ( 2 ,4-二氟苯基 ) - 2 ,3-环氧丙基 ]- 1 H- 1 ,2 ,4-三唑甲烷磺酸盐 ( 1 )是合成氟康唑等抗真菌药物的关键中间体。文献 [1]以间二氟苯 ( 2 )为原料 ,与氯乙酰氯反应生成 α-氯 - 2 ,4-二氟苯乙酮 ( 3) ,3在甲苯中与三唑反应生成 2 ,4-二氟 - α- ( 1 H- 1 ,2 ,4-三唑 - 1 -基 )苯乙酮 ( 4 ) ,4与 ylid试剂碘化三甲基硫盐反应形成环氧化物 ,再与甲磺酸成盐得到 1。此法第 2步和第 3步收率均很低 ,分别为 8.7%和2 1 .84% ,成品生产成本较高。本文参照文献 [2 ]的相转移催化三唑烷基化方法 ,以 TEBA为相转移催化剂 ,K2 CO3 为…     

吲哚酮的Mannich反应及其羟甲基化副产物的结构确证

在考察吗吲酮合成路线中Mannich反应的反应条件时，采用改变反应溶剂的方法，希望通过提高反应温度来提高收率。结果发现未进行Mannich反应，而进行羟甲基化副反应；产物经IR，^1H-NMR,13^C-NMR,MS确证为N-羟甲基-3-乙基-1，5，6，7-四氢-2-甲基-4H-吲哚-4-酮。因此3-乙基-1，5，6，7-四氢-2-甲基-4H-吲哚-4-酮（I）与多聚甲醛、吗啉盐酸盐进行Mannich反应时，不能采用冰乙酸作溶剂。     

4-[1-烷基-5-氧代-1H-1,2,4-三唑-4(5H)-基]-苯甲酸的合成

目的制备用于全合成卡泊芬净类环六脂肽抗真菌剂的关键脂肪酸侧链4-[1-烷基5-氧代-1H-1,2,4-三唑4（5H）-基]-苯甲酸（5）。方法以对氨基苯甲酸（1）为起始原料,经氨基苯氧羰酰化、肼解、甲脒环合及N-烃化4步反应制备目标化合物。结果以42．9％～46．2％的总收率成功合成了目标化合物5a～5n,其结构经电喷雾质谱（ESI—MS）和氢谱（^1HNMR）确证;所有目标化合物均为首次报道。结论该合成路线具有操作简便及收率高等优点,适合工业化生产。     

1-芳基-4-乙氧羰基-5-氨基-1,2,3,-连三唑和几种亲电子试剂的反应及产物抗菌性能的研究

本文研究1-芳基-4-乙氧羰基-5-氨基-1,2,3,-连三唑(1)同过量乙酸,乙酸酐、乙酰氯、苯甲酰氯以及甲酰胺等的反应,制得1的14种新衍生物:1-H-4-乙氧羰基-5-芳胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(2 b～d),1-酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-芳胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(3a～d),1-芳基-4-乙氧羰基-5-乙酰胺基-1,2,3-连三唑-(4a～d)以及1-甲酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-对硝基苯胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(5a),1-苯甲酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-对硝基苯胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(5b),1-对氨苯甲酰基-4-乙氧羰基-5-对硝基苯胺基-1,2,3-连三唑(5c)。所有化合物的结构,均经元素分析及波谱分析确证,并筛选了一些化合物的抗菌作用。     

1-去氧-D-核糖的合成

目的：化学合成1-去氧-D-核糖并进行工艺改进。方法：以D-核糖为原料，经甲基化，硅烷基化、还原裂争，水解反应制得1-去氧-D-核糖。结果：化学结构经^1HNMR,^13CNMR和DEPT^13CNMR确证。总收率72.5%。结论：该方法适合于合成1-去氧-D-核糖。     

卢非酰胺的合成

2,6-二氟甲苯经NBS溴代得2,6-二氟溴苄后,与叠氮化钠反应得2,6-二氟苄基叠氮化物,再与丙炔酸甲酯环合得1-[(2,6-二氟苯基)甲基]-1H-1,2,3-三唑-4-甲酸甲酯,最后氨解得抗癫痫药卢非酰胺,总收率约47%.     

1H-1,2,4-三唑的制备

1H- 1 ,2 ,4-三唑 (1 )是氟康唑等药物的中间体 ,其工业合成方法为 :(1 )甲酰胺法[1,2 ] :以甲酰胺和水合肼为原料合成 ,收率为 95.8% ,该法原料易得 ,操作方便 ;(2 )甲酰肼法[3] :以甲酸甲酯为原料 ,分别经氨化制得甲酰胺 ,经肼解制得甲酰肼 ,再由甲酰胺与甲酰肼缩合制得 1 ;(3)甲酸法 [4 ] :甲酸经氨中和后与肼反应 ,除去水和氨制取。(2 )法和 (3)法操作步骤较多 ,收率也较 (1 )法低。本文以甲酰胺法制备 1 ,进行了改变水合肼的滴加时间和原料配比的试验。试验结果表明 ,当水合肼的滴加时间为 4h,水合肼与甲酰胺的摩尔比为 1∶ 2 .2时 ,…     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of isosteric analogs of mandipropamid for the control of oomycete pathogens

A series of isosteric analogs of mandipropamid were designed and synthesized via ‘click chemistry’. The amide bond of mandipropamid was substituted by a 1,2,3‐triazole functional group. The bioassay results have indicated that some of the title compounds exhibited moderate fungicidal activity against Pseudoperonospora cubensis, and the activity has been systematically studied as a function of molecular structure. The low activity of the mandipropamid analog that contains a lipid chain is likely due to the presence of a weak hydrogen bond donor in the 1,2,3‐triazole. Furthermore, we have performed the molecular modeling and found that N‐methylamide could be more effective than amide as the surrogates to 1,2,3‐triazole, which ultimately leads to a longer distance (1.1 Å longer) between the two substitutes in the 1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole compound.     

1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐tethered uracil‐ferrocene and uracil‐ferrocenylchalcone conjugates: Synthesis and antitubercular evaluation

Copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition has been utilized for preparing a series of 1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles with the purpose of probing structure–activity relationships among a uracil‐ferrocene‐triazole conjugate family. The antitubercular evaluation studies revealed an improvement in activity with the introduction of a ferrocene nucleus among N‐alkylazido‐uracil precursors, with a preference for a bromo‐substituent along with moderate chain lengths of n = 2–6. The reported protocol is a successful approach for integrating uracil‐ferrocene‐chalcone functionalities tethered via 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole rings with apparent physicochemical stability.     

New Compounds Hybrids 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazole‐Quinoline Against Plasmodium falciparum

Malaria is one of the most prevalent parasitic diseases in the world. The global importance of this disease, current vector control limitations, and the absence of an effective vaccine make the use of therapeutic antimalarial drugs the main strategy to control malaria. Chloroquine is a cost‐effective antimalarial drug with a relatively robust safety profile, or therapeutic index. However, chloroquine is no longer used alone to treat patients with Plasmodium falciparum due to the emergence and spread of chloroquine‐resistant strains, which have also been reported for Plasmodium vivax. However, the activity of 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives against chloroquine‐sensitive and chloroquine‐resistant strains of P. falciparum has been reported in the literature. To enhance the anti‐P. falciparum activity of quinoline derivatives, we synthesized 11 new quinoline‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids with different substituents in the 4‐positions of the 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole ring, which were assayed against the W2‐chloroquine‐resistant P. falciparum clone. Six compounds exhibited activity against the P. falciparum W2 clone, chloroquine‐resistant, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.4 to 46 μm . None of these compounds was toxic to a normal monkey kidney cell line, thus exhibiting good selectivity indexes, as high 351 for one compound ( 11 ).     

A new series of Schiff base derivatives bearing 1,2,3‐triazole: Design,synthesis, molecular docking,and α‐glucosidase inhibition

A series of new Schiff bases bearing 1,2,3‐triazole 12a ? o was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as α‐glucosidase inhibitors. All the synthesized compounds showed promising inhibition against α‐glucosidase and were more potent than the standard drug acarbose. The kinetic study on the most potent compound 12n showed that this compound acted as a competitive α‐glucosidase inhibitor. The docking study revealed that the synthesized compounds interacted with the important residues in the active site of α‐glucosidase.     

Fully automated radiosynthesis of [1‐(2‐[18F]fluoroethyl),1H[1,2,3]triazole 4‐ethylene] triphenylphosphonium bromide as a potential positron emission tomography tracer for imaging apoptosis

A novel phosphonium salt bearing a fluorine‐18 labelled triazole has been designed as a potential imaging agent for apoptosis. The radiosynthesis of [1‐(2‐[¹⁸F]fluoroethyl),1H[1,2,3]triazole 4‐ethylene] triphenylphosphonium bromide ([¹⁸F]MitoPhos_01) has been carried out on a fully automated system in a two‐step reaction. Radiolabelling an ethyl azide and then carrying out a copper‐mediated 1,3‐cycloaddition reaction has allowed for total synthesis time to be slightly more than 1 h from aqueous [¹⁸F]fluoride. After purification by HPLC, the average radiochemical yield was determined to be 9% (not decay corrected); the specific activity was on average 70 GBq/µmol at the end of synthesis, and the radiochemical purity was >99%.     

A 18F-labeled glucose analog: Synthesis using a click labeling method and in vitro evaluation

A (18)F-labeled glucose analog, 4-[(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-1-(beta-D: -glucopyranosyl)]-1H-1,2,3-triazole ([(18)F]1), was synthesized using a click labeling method and evaluated in vitro for its cellular transportation via glucose transporter (Glut-1) and its potential as a hexokinase substrate. The click labeling method was superior to conventional labeling method, due to a higher decay-corrected radiochemical yield (30% vs. 21%), higher specific activity (59.9 GBq/mumol vs. 23.5 GBq/mumol), and shorter synthesis time (75-80 min vs. 95-100 min). In vitro evaluation demonstrated that [(18)F]1 does not act as a hexokinase substrate and has low and non-specific uptake by SNU-C5 cells. These results suggest that click chemistry offers a rapid and efficient radiolabeling method which does not require the protection of functional groups, although a triazole moiety at C1 of [(18)F]1 is incompatible for hexokinase phosphorylation and facilitative diffusion via Glut-1.     

Study of the Cytotoxic and Bactericidal Effects of Sila‐substituted Thioalkyne and Mercapto‐thione Compounds based on 1,2,3‐Triazole Scaffold

A series of sila‐organosulphur compounds containing 1,2,3‐triazole cores were screened for their cytotoxic activity on human breast cancer cell line MCF‐7. Most of the tested compounds exhibited moderate‐to‐good activity against the cancer cells. Especially, the compound 4‐((2‐(trimethylsilyl)ethynylthio)methyl)‐1‐benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole ( 3a) from series of sila‐substituted thioalkyne 1,2,3‐triazoles (STATs) and the compounds 3‐(1‐benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐1‐mercapto‐1,1‐bis(trimethylsilyl)propane‐2‐thione ( 4a) and 1‐mercapto‐1,1‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐3‐(1‐phenethyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)propane‐2‐thione ( 4e) from series of sila‐substituted mercapto‐thione 1,2,3‐triazoles (SMTTs) exhibited promising cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 with IC₅₀ values of 35.17, 32.63 and 30.3 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, the possible mechanisms for inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptotic cell death were explored by DAPI staining, cell cycle analysis and qRT‐PCR. The synthetic compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities, and as a result, the most prominent effects were observed for 3e and 4e . Especially, 3e was found to be quite active against all the tested strains with the MIC values ranging from 15 to 62 μg/mL, except P. aeruginosa. The results of the time‐kill assay suggested that the compound of 3e completely inhibited the growth of both gram‐negative bacteria, A. baumannii, and gram‐positive bacteria, S. aureus. In addition, SEM analysis confirmed morphostructural damage of the bacteria. Our findings could be applicable for developing dual‐targeting anticancer/antibacterial therapeutics.     

Triazole ligands reveal distinct molecular features that induce histamine H4 receptor affinity and subtly govern H4/H3 subtype selectivity

The histamine H(3) (H(3)R) and H(4) (H(4)R) receptors attract considerable interest from the medicinal chemistry community. Given their relatively high homology yet widely differing therapeutic promises, ligand selectivity for the two receptors is crucial. We interrogated H(4)R/H(3)R selectivities using ligands with a [1,2,3]triazole core. Cu(I)-assisted "click chemistry" was used to assemble diverse [1,2,3]triazole compounds (6a-w and 7a-f), many containing a peripheral imidazole group. The imidazole ring posed some problems in the click chemistry putatively due to Cu(II) coordination, but Boc protection of the imidazole and removal of oxygen from the reaction mixture provided effective strategies. Pharmacological studies revealed two monosubstituted imidazoles (6h,p) with <10 nM H(4)R affinities and >10-fold H(4)R/H(3)R selectivity. Both compounds possess a cycloalkylmethyl group and appear to target a lipophilic pocket in H(4)R with high steric precision. The use of the [1,2,3]triazole scaffold is further demonstrated by the notion that simple changes in spacer length or peripheral groups can reverse the selectivity toward H(3)R. Computational evidence is provided to account for two key selectivity switches and to pinpoint a lipophilic pocket as an important handle for H(4)R over H(3)R selectivity.